Introduction to Sociology Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Sociology explores the foundational concepts, theories, and methods used to study human social behavior, organizations, and societies. This course examines how individuals interact within groups, the influence of culture, socialization, institutions, and social structures on everyday life, and the dynamics of social change. Key topics include social stratification, race and ethnicity, gender, deviance, and globalization. Through lectures, readings, and discussions, students develop a critical understanding of how societies function and how social forces shape individual and collective experiences.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Sociology 4th Edition by Anthony Giddens
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16 Chapters
1239 Verified Questions
1239 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociology: Theory and Method
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) W.E.B.Du Bois and Harriet Martineau are the two neglected founders mentioned in the text.What might this neglect tell us about the history of sociology as a discipline?
Answer: Responses to this question should intertwine around the identities of the theorists (an African American and a woman)and also what those theorists studied and added to the sociological literature (largely,studies of African American and women's experiences).This tells us a number of things about the discipline that students might mention:(1)It was largely developed and systematized in Europe,so many of the "founders" of the science are European.(2)It reflects the patriarchal roots of most "sciences," founded by men and largely focusing on men's experiences.(3)It reflects the bias that a legacy of racism has left us with-with only one African American theorist added as an afterthought and largely remembered for studying African Americans.These kinds of responses could be argued in a number of ways but should reflect an understanding of gendered and racialized power,even within the sociological "canon."
Q2) Sociology studies contemporary society and,therefore,does not involve historical research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Culture and Society
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pablo studies clothing choices in subcultural groups.He is investigating:
A)values
B)norms
C)material culture
D)instinct
E)reproductive labor
Answer: C
Q2) A __________ is used to describe any vehicle of meaning-any set of elements used to communicate,including all types of communication.
A)language
B)signifier
C)gesture
D)word
E)script
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Socialization, the Life Course, and Aging
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) For most individuals in modern society,the agent of socialization that is most responsible for their early childhood development is:
A)their preschool
B)their friends at school
C)the television
D)the family
E)the government
Answer: D
Q2) Among the elderly,which group is most likely to experience poor health,isolation,and economic insecurity?
A)young-old
B)old-old
C)middle-old
D)oldest old
E)very old
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age
of the Internet
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The social positions that a person occupies determines that person's:
A)social roles
B)ideas
C)gender
D)racial identity
E)status markers
Q2) According to sociologists,all of us have multiple social roles.What are your social roles,and how are they related to your social position?
Q3) Sociologists Deirdre Boden and Harvey Molotch argue that even with the growth of electronic communication such as text messaging and email,people have a strong need to interact in each other's presence.They call this concept:
A)focused interaction
B)compulsion of proximity
C)impression management
D)social status
E)social interaction
Q4) What is interactional vandalism? Give an example.Why does interactional vandalism create problems in everyday interaction and conversation?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Groups, Networks, and Organizations
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75 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Every Sunday,Janet,Laneitha,and Margaret get together for lunch,and Janet usually decides which restaurant they will eat at.However,one Sunday,Laneitha and Margaret told Janet they wanted to try a new restaurant in town.Laneitha and Margaret formed a:
A)rift between the triad
B)negative relationship
C)dyad
D)coalition or alliance
E)threat to group stability
Q2) Solomon Asch's experiment illustrated that:
A)even if it makes them feel uncomfortable, many people are willing to discount their own perceptions rather than go against group consensus
B)people stammered and fidgeted before speaking out against group conformity
C)people can easily be bullied into changing their minds
D)the last person to answer did not feel the need to conform or bow to group pressure
E)most people will express their own beliefs without considering the group opinion
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Chapter 6: Conformity, Deviance, and Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which researcher found that boys in the lower working class who are frustrated with their positions in life often joined together in delinquent subcultures that rejected middle-class values and replaced them with norms that celebrate defiance?
A)Albert Cohen
B)Robert Merton
C)Émile Durkheim
D)Kingsley Davis
E)Talcott Parsons
Q2) Which of the following statements related to the biological view of deviance is true?
A)Some of the first attempts to explain crime emphasized biological factors.
B)Cesare Lombroso's claims have been supported by a large body of subsequent research.
C)Nearly all studies claiming a relationship between body type and delinquency have used samples that are representative of the general population.
D)A correlation between body type and delinquency shows that one's body type "causes" criminal behavior.
E)Fragile-looking skinny children almost never engage in delinquent behavior.
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Chapter 7: Stratification, Class, and Inequality
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93 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best explains why Latino household income has stagnated and fallen far behind that of white households?
A)a culture of poverty among Latinos that discourages achievement and saving money
B)the large number of immigrants from Mexico and Latin America that are in low-wage jobs
C)high unemployment among Latinos
D)high divorce rate among Latinos
E)none of the above; there is no income gap
Q2) Individuals living in rural communities cut off from resources and opportunities and individuals living in inner cities with high crime rates are both likely to experience what sociologists call:
A)social exclusion
B)social deprivation
C)unequal education
D)economic exclusion
E)apathy
Q3) Who are the working poor? What are the explanations for why those who are working are still in poverty?
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9
Chapter 8: Global Inequality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mustafa is a world-systems theorist who studies the world's most powerful countries and outlines how those nations take the largest shares of the world's wealth.He is studying what kind of countries?
A)core
B)peripheral
C)semiperipheral
D)futuristic
E)sustainable
Q2) According to the text,market-oriented theories of global inequality assume that the best possible economic consequences will result if:
A)the state heavily regulates the corporate sector
B)individuals are free-uninhibited by any form of governmental constraint-to make their own economic decisions
C)cooperative enterprises replace privately owned businesses to create egalitarian markets
D)the public is provided with free access to public education
E)markets are carefully regulated by competent politicians
Q3) How do state-centered theories explain global inequality?
Q4) How do market-oriented theories explain global inequality?
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Chapter 9: Gender Inequality
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75 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using the !Kung of the Kalahari Desert,the bacha posh in Afghanistan,and the nádleehí in Navajo culture as support,discuss how gender can be seen as a social construction.
Q2) Norah Vincent's 2006 book Self-Made Man: One Woman's Year Disguised as a Man illustrates how:
A)gender is pervasive in structuring social life
B)biological differences make it difficult for a woman to pretend to be a man
C)gender is irrelevant in most everyday encounters
D)hormones can deepen a woman's voice
E)voice training cannot help a woman sound like a man
Q3) What is an example of "doing gender"?
A)growing a beard
B)choosing to wear a dress
C)keeping your hair long
D)deepening your voice
E)all of the above
Q4) Discuss Talcott Parsons's view of the family.What criticisms have been made about his analysis? What is your position?
Q5) Why are women so often the targets of sexual violence?
Q6) What criticisms do black feminists make about the feminist movement?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Ethnicity and Race
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joan believes that most drug dealers are black.She continues to hold this belief even though she read in the newspaper that more whites sell drugs than blacks.This attitude is an example of:
A)prejudice
B)discrimination
C)segregation
D)assimilation
E)institutional racism
Q2) In examining recent trends in global migration,Stephen Castles and Mark Miller (1993)have identified various tendencies that they claim characterize migration patterns today and that are expected to persist in the coming years.Which of the following is NOT a tendency?
A)acceleration
B)diversification
C)globalization
D)masculinization
E)all of the above are tendencies noted by Castles and Miller
Q3) What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination? Is discrimination always preceded by prejudice?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Families and Intimate Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) For young people,how does a cohabiting relationship usually begin?
A)Most young people who live together decided do so after becoming engaged.
B)Most young people decide to move in together after calculated planning.
C)Most young people come to live together by drifting into it.
D)Most young people start living together after one person is forced out of a parent's house.
E)Most young people started living together after saving enough money to get married.
Q2) What does NOT account for the trend toward later marriages in the last several decades?
A)increases in cohabitation
B)increases in post-secondary school enrollment
C)increased participation of women in the labor force
D)a decrease in the numbers of marriageable men because of economic deterioration
E)the resurgence of social conservatism
Q3) What is the evidence that American workers are working longer hours today than they did in the past? According to Arlie Hochschild,how is "the time bind" faced by "the overworked American" related to globalization?
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Education and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Émile Durkheim defined religion in terms of a distinction between the __________ and the __________ .
A)clean; unclean
B)clean; profane
C)sacred; profane
D)prayerful; silent
E)lord; citizen
Q2) The linking of strongly held religious convictions with beliefs about a people's social and political destiny is called:
A)a Fatwa
B)religious nationalism
C)fundamentalism
D)ecumenicism
E)alterity
Q3) What are some arguments for privatization of the educational system?
Q4) What is religious nationalism?
Q5) How is the educational system complicit in the reproduction of inequality?
Q6) How do religious groupings in the United States vary by region and socioeconomic status,according to the text?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Politics and Economic Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) How are power and authority different according to the text?
Q2) Nadia lives in a country with a royal family that receives money from taxpayers to live in a palace and carry out certain ceremonial functions,but the king and queen have no real political power.Instead,a parliament of elected officials makes all the important political decisions.What kind of political system does Nadia live in?
A)a republic
B)a participatory democracy
C)a socialist state
D)an absolute monarchy
E)a constitutional monarchy
Q3) Countries in which voters can choose between two or more political parties and the majority of the adult population has the right to vote are usually called:
A)absolute monarchies
B)participatory democracies
C)liberal democracies
D)communist democracies
E)socialist states
Q4) Compare and contrast old- and new-style terrorism.
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Chapter 14: The Sociology of the Body: Health, Illness, and Sexuality
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75 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term that sociologists use to refer to an aversion to or hatred of homosexuals,their lifestyles,and their practices?
A)hate crime
B)homosexual aversion
C)gay hate
D)homophobia
E)homoaversion
Q2) According to the influential Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,homosexuality:
A)was never considered a personality disorder
B)was considered a personality disorder until 1920
C)was considered a personality disorder until 1950
D)was considered a personality disorder until 1980
E)is still considered a personality disorder
Q3) What is obesity?
A)excessive body weight
B)a health condition characterized by the inability to maintain balance
C)a sociological term used to describe unequal societies
D)a tendency to generalize
E)any eating disorder
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Urbanization, Population, and the Environment
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87 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) From 1999 to 2000,16.1 percent of Americans moved,and more than half moved to places within the same county.According to your textbook,why do people go to the trouble of moving,when they basically remain in the same place?
A)They are in search of better career opportunities.
B)They are looking for more diverse communities.
C)Their jobs require them to move.
D)They want to be closer to their parents or children.
E)They want to improve their housing.
Q2) When more affluent groups move back into cities and renovate dilapidated buildings and neighborhoods,the process is called:
A)conurbation
B)metropolization
C)megalomania
D)urbanization
E)gentrification or urban renewal
Q3) Why is gentrification considered an urban problem? Explain what happens to residents of a neighborhood when it goes through the process of gentrification.
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Chapter 16: Globalization in a Changing World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans and other parts of the Gulf Coast.The government response to Hurricane Katrina created a social problem; however,according to sociologists the hurricane itself is considered a:
A)manufactured risk
B)external risk
C)natural risk
D)environmental disaster
E)social issue
Q2) What role has the modern state played in the process of globalization?
A)encouraging protests
B)speeding up patterns of change in the modern world
C)being less involved in social life and the economy
D)limiting the movement of people through immigration policy
E)none of the above; the modern state has not played a major role
Q3) The most far-reaching economic influence on social change has been the:
A)technology of the agrarian revolution
B)invention of the wheel
C)technology encouraged by capitalism
D)invention of money
E)effects of the warfare
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