Introduction to Sociology
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Sociology offers students a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts, theories, and methods used to study human societies and social behavior. The course explores key topics such as culture, socialization, social structure, groups, institutions, inequality, and social change. By critically examining the patterns and forces that shape individual and group interactions, students gain a deeper understanding of the social world and develop analytical skills to assess how societal issues, such as race, class, gender, and globalization, affect everyday life. The course lays the foundation for further study in the social sciences and encourages students to think critically about their roles within society.
Recommended Textbook
Marriages and Families 8th Edition by Nijole
V. Benokraitis
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Chapter 1: he Changing Family
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Q1) During a debate about the changing nature of families, Jim states that family problems are more prevalent today.However, Ryan believes otherwise and argues that family issues have always existed.Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens Ryan's argument?
A) Out of wedlock births, domestic violence, and desertion by a parent or spouse were experienced rarely in the past.
B) Parents spend more time with their children today than they did in the past.
C) Teenage pregnancy rates were lower in the 1950s than they are today.
D) Historical data about families in the past indicate that families were stronger then than they are now.
Answer: B
Q2) People believe that in the past there were fewer problems, people were happier, and families were stronger because ________.
A) of the widespread influence of movies and television presenting these images of the family
B) many historians maintain that such golden days existed
C) grandparents always talk about the golden days
D) people's knowledge of the past is mostly accurate
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Studying the Family
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Q1) Which of the following is true of content analysis?
A) It can be labor intensive.
B) It does not permit comparisons over time.
C) It can be applied solely to oral communication.
D) It is an obtrusive approach.
Answer: A
Q2) Anthony, a sociologist, believes that feminist theories that focus on diversity are generally flawed.Which of the following statements is an accurate statement that strengthens his view?
A) Feminists overlook commonalities in families that make them more similar than different.
B) Feminists advocate that women should be given more rights and privileges than men.
C) Feminists that focus on diversity often include various forms of oppression such as those based on age and disability.
D) Feminists focus on wage inequality but ignore personal issues.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: The Family in Historical Perspective
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Q1) Which of the following is true of early Mexican American families?
A) Boys did not share domestic chores.
B) Girls were expected to be educated.
C) The female head of the family had all the authority.
D) Women were considered guardians of family traditions.
Answer: D
Q2) Why were American women encouraged to work outside the home during World War II?
A) The second wave of the feminist movement led to women finally been seen as capable workers.
B) There was a scarcity of workers as a lot of men had been drafted to fight in the war.
C) Women were perceived to be good workers after they were employed during World War I.
D) Women preferred to work as volunteers rather than paid workers.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Racial and Ethnic Families: Strengths and Stresses
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Q1) What reason do American Indian tribal leaders give for the high alcoholism and suicide rates among their youth?
A) the gradual erosion of American Indian culture
B) the oppression imposed on the youth by native cultural practices
C) the remigration of youth back to rural areas
D) the poverty and poor access to services in the reservations
Q2) Evan, a social advocate, remarks that there has been a perceptible decrease in the unauthorized immigrant population since 2007.Which of the following could be a reason for this?
A) the rise in the number of job opportunities
B) the passage of laws that aim to protect undocumented immigrants
C) the inefficient border management
D) the doubling of deportations
Q3) Which of the following is true of race?
A) Race is a social concept that describes cultural characteristics.
B) Race is determined biologically.
C) Race-determining genes equal the number of genes that make humans similar.
D) Race is a social concept that refers to physical characteristics.
Q4) List four reasons why racial-ethnic intermarriage has increased.
Q5) Why have many Asian American families become successful?
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Chapter 5: Socialization and Gender Roles
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Q1) If a father gives his son advice on how to play soccer and a mother teaches her daughter how to be a good cook, the parents' expectations can be described as
A) gender typed
B) sexist
C) sex-segregated
D) gender stratified
Q2) Amy, who recently got married, often plays the role of a kin-keeper.While growing up, she used to observe her mother play the role and now performs this role efficiently in her new family.Which of the following is Amy most likely doing as a part of the kin-keeper role?
A) Amy is keeping her new home clean and organized.
B) Amy is maintaining relationships with relatives.
C) Amy is ensuring her family's safety.
D) Amy is providing financial security for her family.
Q3) Male violence is more likely to occur in ________ societies.
A) matriarchal
B) patriarchal
C) egalitarian
D) classless
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Chapter 6: Love and Loving Relationships
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Q1) In his book on family relationships, Simon states that it is important to teach children that love and care giving are synonymous to each other.He believes that children should understand their responsibility to care for their elderly family members when they grow up.However Nora, a critic, states that this "affection myth" can have negative consequences on children.Which of the following statements, if true, is likely to strengthen Nora's argument?
A) Children who are taught to care for the elderly learn about cooperation and a sense of community at a young age.
B) Children undergo undue amounts of stress when they are taught that care giving and love mean the same thing.
C) Research indicates that extended families in which the parents live with their adult children tend to be happier than nuclear families.
D) Children who care for the elders turn out to be more sensitive toward others' needs and be more responsible individuals.
Q2) Why is arranged marriage the norm in many countries across the world?
Q3) Explain the limitations of the triangular theory of love.
Q4) How do gestures differ in romantic love in comparison with long-term love?
Q5) Briefly describe commitment, one of the components of love.
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Chapter 7: Sexuality and Sexual Expression throughout Life
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Q1) Why do STDs have more serious and frequent complications in women?
Q2) Nathan is dating Natasha, a cheerleader.Though he is not very fond of her, he is dating her to gain popularity among his classmates.Which of the following reasons can be attributed to this?
A) physical
B) goal attainment
C) emotional
D) insecurity
Q3) When parents are effective sex educators, there are a number of outcomes for children.Which of the following is a consequence of effective sex education?
A) It increases sexually risky behavior.
B) It increases the number of unwanted pregnancies.
C) It delays first-time sexual intercourse.
D) It decreases control over one's sexual behavior.
Q4) A comprehensive sexuality education (CSE)for students ________.
A) starts in the twelfth grade
B) includes medically accurate information
C) ends in the tenth grade
D) focuses solely on abstinence and contraception
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Chapter 8: Choosing Others: Dating and Mate Selection
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Q1) Briefly describe the principle of least interest.
Q2) Which theory of mate-selection suggests that people sift eligible mates according to specific criteria and thus reduce the pool of potential partners to a small number of candidates?
A) role theory
B) filter theory
C) social exchange theory
D) equity theory
Q3) George is an African American who belongs to an upper-class, Christian family.He marries Tanya, a middle-class woman, who belongs to a Hindu family from India.Their marriage is an example of ________.
A) homogamy
B) heterogamy
C) endogamy
D) polygyny
Q4) Explain how hooking up is different from getting together.
Q5) What are some of the benefits of speed dating?
Q6) Explain the concept of homogamy with the help of an example.What are some of the benefits of homogamy?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Singlehood, Cohabitation, Civil Unions, and Other Options
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Q1) Which of the following is true of the differences between Asian Americans and their Latino counterparts?
A) Asian Americans have lower singlehood rates than their Latino counterparts.
B) Asian Americans have lower marriage rates than their Latino counterparts.
C) A higher percentage of Asian Americans are divorced than their Latino counterparts.
D) A higher percentage of Asian Americans are never married as compared to their Latino counterparts.
Q2) Which of the following is a primary reason why many American women are increasingly choosing to live alone?
A) the decline in education among men
B) the decline in education among women
C) the postponement of marriage
D) the failure of the feminist movement in America
Q3) Hunt and Mary decided to buy a house together.However, they are against the concept of marriage and believe that a legal ceremony does not contribute to a relationship.Identify and explain the type of cohabitation arrangement seen in this scenario.
Q4) Briefly explain why singles are postponing marriage.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Marriage and Communication in Intimate Relationships
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Q1) Couples in total marriages differ from couples in passive-congenial marriages in that couples in a total marriage ________.
A) have a low emotional investment in the marriage
B) have few areas of tension or unresolved hostility
C) thrive on their incompatibility
D) believe that feuding is an acceptable way to try to solve problems
Q2) Briefly explain why U.S.marriage rates are falling.
Q3) In honor of her impending marriage, Jenna's female friends and relatives organized a get together in which they presented her with personal and household gifts.This ritual is often referred to as a(n)________.
A) prenup
B) baby shower
C) engagement
D) bridal shower
Q4) Briefly describe a passive-congenial marriage.
Q5) Studies have shown that negotiation of new roles and understanding is required for a successful marriage.Provide a brief explanation that strengthens the arguments made in these studies.
Q6) Briefly describe any two latent reasons for marriage.
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Chapter 11: To Be or Not to Be a Parent: More Choices, More
Constraints
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Q1) Tyler was diagnosed with a bacterial STD known as the "silent epidemic." However, doctors concurred that a strong dosage of antibiotics would cure Tyler.Which of the following did Tyler most likely incur?
A) chlamydia
B) herpes
C) endometriosis
D) PID
Q2) Due to her husband's infertility, Lily had to opt for a medical procedure in which she was fertilized with a donor's sperm while she was ovulating.In this scenario, Lily is undergoing ________.
A) caesarean section
B) surrogacy
C) fertility drugging
D) artificial insemination
Q3) Which of the following is true of in vitro fertilization?
A) It always requires a surrogate mother in order to be carried out.
B) It requires the surgical removal of eggs from a woman's ovaries.
C) It has very low rates for multiple births.
D) It involves storing unfertilized eggs for future use.
Q4) Briefly describe a few benefits of becoming a parent.
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Chapter 12: Raising Children: Promises and Pitfalls
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Q1) Which of the following is a consequence of a rise in dual-employed with kids (DEWKs)families?
A) lower standards of living
B) higher number of latchkey children
C) decreased role overload
D) more time that parents spend with children
Q2) Authoritative parenting is different from authoritarian parenting in that ________.
A) parents are more understanding in authoritarian parenting
B) autonomy is more encouraged in authoritarian parenting
C) lesser positive reinforcements are used in authoritative parenting
D) verbal give-and-take is rarer in authoritarian parenting
Q3) List out some of the factors that cause fathers to be absent.Discuss briefly its effect on families.
Q4) The first stage in Erikson's psychological theory of human development is the ________ stage.
A) initiative vs.guilt
B) identity vs.identity confusion
C) trust vs.mistrust
D) generativity vs.self-absorption
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Chapter 13: The Economy and Family Life
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Q1) Which of the following is true of being a stay-at-home dad?
A) They are more likely to instill problem-solving skills by letting children figure things out for themselves.
B) They are less intimately involved with their children.
C) They are less likely to be stigmatized by society.
D) They take up the role because they feel that their career is more important than child rearing.
Q2) Briefly explain some benefits of flextime.
Q3) How do nonstandard work schedules of parents affect children?
Q4) A major advantage of commuter marriages is that they ________.
A) allow couples to spend more time with each other
B) involve high-paying jobs
C) reduce traveling costs for the couple
D) help couples give more time to child rearing activities
Q5) Which of the following is a cost of dual-earner couples?
A) They lower the family's standard of living.
B) They create the problem of role overload.
C) They tend to make children more "needy."
D) They increase productivity at work.
Q6) How does the Department of Agriculture determine the poverty threshold?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Domestic Violence and Other Family Health
Issues
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Q1) According to ________theory, both assailants and victims tolerate or engage in violent behavior because they believe that the benefits outweigh the costs.
A) feminist
B) social exchange
C) learning
D) resource
Q2) James, a social theorist, propagates a theory that establishes a direct link between the wealth a man has and the power he wields.However, his theory also states that men with lesser educational qualifications and lower income levels are more likely to resort to abuse toward their spouses.James subscribes to the ________ for explaining family abuse and violence.
A) resource theory
B) learning theory
C) exchange theory
D) feminist theory
Q3) Briefly describe the terms "bulimia" and "anorexia nervosa."
Q4) Kurt, a social theorist, opines that heterosexuals are less likely to suffer from IPV than homosexuals.Provide an accurate explanation that supports Kurt's view.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Separation, Divorce, Remarriage, and Stepfamilies
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Q1) Lydia and Gregory are in the process of a divorce and are currently fighting over who should complete the payment of the education loan that they took for their daughter's university tuition.According to Bohannon, which of the following stages of divorce are Lydia and Gregory going through?
A) emotional divorce
B) economic divorce
C) psychic divorce
D) community divorce
Q2) Colin has been trying to be more supportive of his wife.Despite his efforts they fight a lot and things don't look promising between them, although he feels he can turn things around.Colin is in the ________ phase of emotional divorce.
A) beginning
B) pseudo reconciliation
C) end
D) middle
Q3) Describe a scenario which would serve as an example of pseudo reconciliation.
Q4) Megan argues with her professor that race and ethnicity is one of the major causes of divorce.Give a suitable answer that would weaken her argument.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Families in Later Life
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Q1) Which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease?
A) It is a degenerative disorder that diminishes the white blood corpuscles count.
B) It is a degenerative disorder of the lungs.
C) It is a degenerative disorder that attacks the brain and impairs thinking.
D) It is a degenerative disorder of muscle fibers.
Q2) Which of the following is found to be one of the most common mental health problems among older people?
A) dementia
B) ADHD
C) paranoia
D) dyslexia
Q3) Give a suitable answer that would serve as an example of apathetic siblings.
Q4) Discuss the five groups of siblings in later life.
Q5) ________ is a public retirement pension system administered by the federal government.
A) Public offering
B) Social capital
C) Social security
D) Living wills
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