Introduction to Sociology Final
Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Sociology provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts, theories, and methods used by sociologists to study human society, social relationships, and institutions. The course explores topics such as culture, socialization, social structure, groups, deviance, inequality, and social change, with an emphasis on understanding how societal forces shape individual experiences and group dynamics. Students learn to critically analyze social phenomena and contemporary issues using the sociological perspective, preparing them for further study in the discipline and fostering a deeper awareness of the social world.
Recommended Textbook
The Family Diversity Inequality and Social Change 1st Edition by Philip N. Cohen
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13 Chapters
739 Verified Questions
739 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: A Sociology of the Family
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49 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using the concepts of biological and symbolic family ties,explain how you know who to call your "family."
Answer: Biological members include anyone that you know about who is blood related.However,we often refer to others as "family," including folks who are completely unrelated in a biological sense but to whom we feel a strong connection and consider part of our family.
Q2) In which family issue does the state directly intervene?
A) the personal family
B) the legal family
C) the family as an institution
D) market
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following is an example of correlation?
A) Kids who sleep with a night-light more often turn out to be nearsighted in adulthood.
B) Children are often nearsighted.
C) A family includes siblings who are both nearsighted.
D) A family includes siblings who are both farsighted.
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: The Family in History
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Sample Questions
Q1) The 1950s brought increased motivation for young people to marry,as the result of all of the following social forces EXCEPT:
A) government incentive.
B) moral and religious pressure.
C) cultural shifts in authority.
D) economic opportunities.
Answer: B
Q2) Identify three specific examples of government influence over family life and describe their long-term impact.
Answer: Examples might include: regulating marriage allocating power and money within families implementing mandatory "monogamous morality" defining obscenity (to include not only pornography but also birth control) institutions for widows and orphans aid to families in modern times,such as Women,Infants and Children (WIC)and Medicaid
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Chapter 3: Race,Ethnicity,and Immigration
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73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Contrary to earlier scientific beliefs,today's biologists generally see race as
A) something that can be clearly identified through genetics.
B) populations of the different continents.
C) differences that mostly evolved randomly.
D) a way to rank a population's advancement and evolution.
Answer: C
Q2) Most Latino families in the United States are of what origin?
A) Puerto Rican
B) Cuban
C) Dominican
D) Mexican
Answer: D
Q3) Which two lines of thought have framed much of the research on black family life and family structure?
A) the Protestant ethic and the prevalence of nuclear families
B) poverty and sexual promiscuity
C) the impact of slavery and family resilience
D) polygamy and assimilation
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Families and Social Class
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Sample Questions
Q1) The aggressive approach to parenting that stresses assertiveness and interactions with adults,and involves filling children's schedules is called
A) concerted cultivation.
B) helicopter parenting.
C) authoritarian parenting.
D) accomplishment of natural growth.
Q2) A young adult who can provide letters of recommendation from respected community leaders who are friends with his parents is often more likely to get a desired position or admission.This is an example of A) social capital.
B) wealth.
C) inequality.
D) class distinction.
Q3) Many children of single parents have a smaller extended family network on which to rely.This causes a reduction in A) social capital.
B) emotional intelligence.
C) language skill.
D) wealth.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the relationship between sex and gender?
Q2) Transgender identities
A) present a problem for societies like the United States that have a strictly two-gender system.
B) have never been accepted in an societies.
C) are seen as a third gender option across the United States. D) will likely result in a great deal of confusion for children.
Q3) The study of maleness mirrors that of whiteness in that A) the emphasis is on oppressed groups.
B) males and whites were neglected in early research on structured oppression. C) researchers continue to avoid studying these dominant groups. D) the same group of experts study both topics.
Q4) Gender differences are the product of social interaction that reflects men's dominant position relative to women.This statement is most consistent with which perspective on gender?
A) biological
B) feminist
C) masculine
D) symbolic interactionist
Q5) Briefly describe the differences between intersex and transgender.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study comparing the sexual outcomes for Dutch and American teens found that the more permissive Dutch environment is associated with
A) more monitoring of teen sexual behavior.
B) less monitoring of teen sexual behavior.
C) increased sexual activity.
D) increase chances of STDs and pregnancy.
Q2) Sexual disorders,which prevent people from experiencing their sexuality as they would like,are caused by a variety of A) social factors.
B) psychological factors.
C) biological factors.
D) all of the above.
Q3) Examine the role of modern technology in the relaxing of the sexual double standard.
Q4) "Shotgun" weddings decreased during the middle of the A) 1950s.
B) 1960s.
C) 1970s.
D) 1980s.
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Chapter 7: Love and Romantic Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Hey,baby,what's your sign?" might be uttered by someone who relies on relationship advice from
A) sociology.
B) homophily.
C) astrology.
D) therapy.
Q2) The commonly understood pattern of interaction that serves as a model of behavior in familiar situations is
A) social structure.
B) social script.
C) structuration.
D) routine path.
Q3) Hypothesize how the beauty standard for females,which includes a thin waist and larger breasts,is consistent with the idea that attractiveness has some evolutionary elements.
Q4) Imagine you are looking for a partner through an Internet dating site.Explain the main rewards and risks to searching for a partner in this way.
Q5) Compare and contrast the public and private aspects of dating.
Q6) Provide three examples of how romantic love differs from utilitarian love.
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Chapter 8: Marriage and Cohabitation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a way that social scientists have tried to understand the decline in marriage rates?
A) by observing the changed behaviors of married and single people
B) by comparing those who marry to those who don't
C) by comparing different societies at different times
D) by interviewing experts such as counselors
Q2) Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the data given in your textbook?
A) Marriage rates have fallen by more than half since 1970.
B) The percentage of women married in 2010 was about half of that from 1980.
C) Marriage rates are likely to continue declining.
D) Americans no longer take marriage as seriously as they did in the past.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a symbolic interactionist interpretation of wedding planning and wedding ceremonies?
A) Weddings help individuals adjust to a new identity.
B) The "wedding industrial complex" is an exploitative aspect of the engagement experience.
C) Weddings socialize people into their roles.
D) Engagement rings can be an expression of love, equality, or wealth.
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Chapter 9: Families and Children
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sociological definition of parents
A) is limited to the mother-father couple.
B) includes a specific number of parents.
C) requires one man and one woman.
D) is fluid, especially when the law does not set the rules.
Q2) This chapter begins by considering the social meaning of "starting a family." What are the different ways that the family,the market,and the state all intervene in how people define "starting a family"?
Q3) Single parenthood is more common among which group?
A) American Indians
B) Latinas
C) Whites
D) Asians
Q4) More than a third of baby-boom mothers had four children each.By 2006,only about what percentage of women turning 45 had that number of children?
A) 12
B) 25
C) 30
D) 50
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Chapter 10: Divorce,Remarriage,and Blended Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text,people who marry today have a ________ percent chance of getting divorced.
A) 31-40
B) 41-50
C) 51-60
D) 61-70
Q2) Which of the following groups did NOT permit divorce?
A) Ancient Jews
B) American Indians
C) Romans
D) Christians
Q3) With regard to initiating divorce proceedings:
A) men and women are equally likely to file.
B) women are more likely to file.
C) men are more likely to file.
D) parents are more likely to file than nonparents, regardless of gender.
Q4) Discuss the impact of cohabitation on a couple's risk of divorce.
Q5) Consider the outcome of living together before marriage for an engaged couple.
Q6) Describe the income effect on divorce.
Q7) Summarize the positive and negative outcomes of divorce for partners.
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Chapter 11: Work and Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Time-use data show that married women have cut their housework time roughly in half over the last half-century,while men have
A) reduced theirs by two hours
B) remained about the same
C) added about an hour
D) doubled theirs
Q2) Which country offers the most total annual unpaid parental leave for two-parent families?
A) Switzerland
B) France
C) United States
D) Japan
Q3) How have the patterns of women's work in the home and the workplace changed over time in the United States? What have these changes meant sociologically?
Q4) This chapter describes three different types of work: care work,housework,and market work.Name and describe two of the interesting challenges that modern families face.
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13
Chapter 12: Family Violence and Abuse
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explore possible reasons why most child abuse occurs at the hands of mothers.
Q2) Rape occurs primarily
A) by strangers attacking women
B) among acquaintances, with physical violence
C) among acquaintances, with mild or threatened violence
D) in committed relationships
Q3) Kay's boyfriend had sex with her after she drank too much and passed out.This meets the legal definition of
A) rape
B) sexual assault
C) incest
D) family violence
Q4) Risk factors for children being abused include all of the following EXCEPT A) poverty
B) mental health issues
C) single parenthood
D) lack of social network
Q5) Distinguish common couple violence,intimate terrorism,violent resistance,and mutual violent control.
Q6) Consider the role of peer pressure in rape and sexual assault during college.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: The Future of the Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain how religion is an important milestone marker in family life.
Q2) The U.S.foster care system impacts _____________ children.
A) 1.4 million
B) 1.6 million
C) 1.8 million
D) 2 million
Q3) Liberal policies toward family diversity have primarily included what goals?
Q4) In 2010,_____________ percent of the population identified as Catholic or Protestant.
A) 54
B) 66
C) 72
D) 90
Q5) Examine factors that may impact fertility in immigrant groups to the United States.
Q6) In 2010,_____________ percent of the population was over 65.
A) 8
B) 13
C) 18
D) 23
Page 15
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