Introduction to Sociology Final Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Sociology provides students with a foundational understanding of the systematic study of society, social institutions, and social relationships. The course explores key sociological concepts, theories, and methodologies, examining how culture, socialization, group dynamics, inequality, and social change shape human behavior and societal structures. Through analysis of real-world issues and case studies, students learn to critically assess the roles of race, class, gender, and other social factors in shaping individual experiences and collective outcomes, fostering a deeper appreciation for the complexity of social life.
Recommended Textbook
Social Problems 14th Edition by William Kornblum
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15 Chapters
1142 Verified Questions
1142 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociological Perspective on Social Problems
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to labeling theory,a major solution to deviance is __________.
A)spending much more money on the criminal justice system so that more people can be labeled
B)changing the definition of what is deviant,such as decriminalizing certain offenses
C)major reform programs that radically restructure the norms and values underlying societal consensus
D)All of the above are solutions.
E)None of the above is a solution.
Answer: B
Q2) Which classic figure from early sociology made a major contribution to the interactionist perspective on social problems in the early twentieth century?
A)Karl Marx
B)William I.Thomas
C)Emile Durkheim
D)Herbert Spencer
E)Edward Ross
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Problems of Health and Healthcare
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77 Verified Questions
77 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "doughnut hole" in Medicare refers to ________.
A)a new,freestanding prescription drug plan that will be formulated under the new healthcare law.
B)drug coverage obtained by individuals with an extremely low income and no personal wealth,
C)the cost of drug expenditures that surpasses the federal subsidy received by retirees aged over 65 years who are more than $14,664.
D)none of the above
Answer: C
Q2) The text points out that in impoverished regions of the world,where high-quality medical care is often lacking,the social problems associated with physical health are profound.Which of the following is NOT one of these problems?
A)the spread of infectious diseases
B)high rates of infant and maternal death
C)vitamin deficiencies
D)low life expectancies
E)inadequate sewage and water systems
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Problems of Mental Illness and Treatment
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Thomas Szasz believes that individual liberty can be unwittingly sacrificed through too great a concern for __________.
A)the "cure" for "mental illness"
B)labeling mental illness
C)the "therapeutic state"
D)organic brain dysfunction
E)neuroses
Answer: A
Q2) One important source of funds and research on mental illness is the __________.
A)National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
B)National Science Foundation (NSF)
C)National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
D)National Association of Charities (NAC)
E)National Archives (NA)
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Alcohol and Other Drugs
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81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is a companion program to Alcoholics Anonymous that is designed to help young people whose lives have been affected by someone else's drinking.
A)Alanon
B)Students for Sobriety
C)Young Persons Anonymous
D)Adult Children of Alcoholics
E)Alateen
Q2) Discuss the patterns of drinking among adolescents and young people in the United States over the past 30 years.What recent changes have occurred and to what can these changes be attributed?
Q3) Studies of socioeconomic factors in drinking alcoholic beverages show that the HIGHEST consumption levels are found among __________.
A)farmers
B)blue-collar factory workers
C)business and professional men
D)lower white-collar clerical workers
E)unskilled laborers
Q4) Describe the basic differences between problem drinking and alcoholism.
Q5) What is a drug and why are certain drugs socially disapproved?
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Chapter 5: Crime and Violence
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text identifies and discusses a variety of major crimes.Select any two of these and compare and contrast their patterns.
Q2) The Federal Bureau of Investigation's reporting of statistics on crime is based on crimes __________.
A)reported to the police
B)uncovered by the police
C)committed
D)cleared by arrest
E)discovered
Q3) "A person becomes delinquent because of the excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law." This statement is central to __________.
A)the principle of differential association
B)anomie theory
C)the theory of delinquent subcultures
D)conflict theories of crime
E)differential reinforcement theory
Q4) Rehabilitation is difficult to achieve in the setting of the modern prison.Why?
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Chapter 6: Poverty and Affluence
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) By the turn of the century,the 400 richest Americans have amassed a total net worth of __________.
A)$50 billion
B)$100 billion
C)$200 billion
D)$500 billion
E)$1 trillion
Q2) The mechanization of farming displaced agricultural workers from the farm to the cities.When industrial opportunities weren't present in the cities,many migrants became poor.This reflects the __________ explanation of persistent poverty.
A)value-stretch
B)cultural
C)structural
D)cultural-situational
E)adaptation
Q3) Why is immigration associated with poverty?
Q4) What is a system of stratification? How did Karl Marx and Max Weber describe the basic features of the class system of modern industrial societies?
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Racism, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we consider factors of social structure that are important in the origins of prejudice and discrimination,we observe that dominance and subordination involve a competitive struggle for possession of valued goods.According to the text,this is,ultimately __________.
A)a psychological process,understood by investigating human acquisitiveness
B)an economic process of free-market competition
C)an educational process involving the acquisition of skills
D)a religious process,reflecting the dominant values of the society
E)a political process involving a struggle for power
Q2) According to your text,the American criminal justice system may be most inherently discriminatory in __________.
A)the arrest process
B)the parole process
C)the bail system
D)sentencing
E)the jury system
Q3) What is assimilation? What are the important factors affecting the rate of assimilation of a group?
Q4) What is racism? Give several examples to support your answer.
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Chapter 8: Gender and Sexuality
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text's discussion of sexism and employment,__________.
A)for the past several decades,men and women have received the same amount of schooling
B)men hold more bachelor's and graduate degrees than women do
C)more men than women drop out of high school
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q2) On a global level in the 1970s and 1980s,as a platform for women's issues,many gains for females have been made by using the __________.
A)Republican Party platform
B)Communist Manifesto
C)mass media
D)United Nations
E)World Church
Q3) One the most persistent and difficult aspects of sexism is __________.
A)the media's depiction of women
B)sexual harassment
C)unequal pay for comparable work
D)stereotyping
E)male hegemony
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Chapter 9: An Aging Society
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an important reform addressed in the healthcare reform law of 2010 that addresses issues faced by the elderly?
A)HMOs and PPOs will take the place of Medicare.
B)Terminally ill patients and their caretakers will consult a government-appointed panel to seek the "best course of action" for their long-term treatment
C)Senior citizens will pay an extra $3200 per year for prescription medication,but receive $2000 in rebates thereafter..
D)Existing Medicare plans will be replaced with a national healthcare plan available to all.
E)Long-term care will be more affordable;the elderly may stay in their home of choice instead of moving to a nursing home.
Q2) Are the aged a minority group? Why or why not?
Q3) How have social changes associated with industrialization changed the role played by the elderly in American society?
Q4) Which identifiable subgroups of the elderly can be identified in the United States? How are the elderly distributed geographically,economically,etc.?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: The Changing Family
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ theorists view the family as a source of social problems when the values that are taught within it are inconsistent with the larger society.
A)Conflict
B)Functional
C)Interactionist
D)Labeling
E)Social disorganization
Q2) Which of the following reflects the major effect of industrialization on the family?
A)The nuclear family becomes the basic familial unit as the extended family loses its major functions.
B)Birth rates and family size increase rapidly.
C)The family disappears.
D)A larger and larger proportion of the population marry and start families of their own.
E)Family solidarity increases and divorce and separation rates decrease.
Q3) In what ways are black families different from white families? How do these differences contribute to a perception of the troubled black family?
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Chapter 11: Problems of Education
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An estimated __________ children experience domestic violence each year.
A)500,000
B)1 million
C)2 million
D)3.3 million
E)over 10 million
Q2) Recent research by Stanford Dornbusch and his colleagues at Temple University shows that students use labels like "slacker" and "nerd" to __________.
A)personally belittle and embarrass each other
B)categorize one another and to explain how they sort themselves into cliques that perform quite differently in social and academic settings
C)facilitate "rating and dating"
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q3) Higher education has been subject to significant policy innovations and reforms.Discuss these changes,and analyze their effectiveness.
Q4) How do social institutions respond to change? How are educational institutions in the United States responding to change?
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Chapter 12: Problems of Work and the Economy
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about employee benefits is TRUE?
A)Worker (and thus)family benefits are on the decline.
B)In 2008,59% of workers were provided with some form of employer-based health insurance.
C)The mandatory coverage provision in the healthcare law of 2010 is intended to increase the number of Americans with comprehensive health coverage.
D)In the first year of the 2008 recession,about 1.3 million adults lost employer-sponsored coverage.
E)All of the above.
Q2) __________ workers represent the largest occupational category in the United States today.
A)White-collar
B)Professional
C)Manufacturing
D)Agricultural
E)Blue-collar
Q3) The 2008 economic recession was preceded by an era of financial risk,corporate crime,and lax regulation.Discuss the contribution of these events to the recession.
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14
Chapter 13: Population and Immigration
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Today,__________ people are hungry in a world where there is plenty to eat.
A)25 million
B)50 million
C)100 million
D)500 million
E)750 million
Q2) In 2005,the crude birthrate in the United States was __________ births per 1,000.
A)6.1
B)9.1
C)13.9
D)34.1
E)45.1
Q3) The most significant nonwhite immigrant group during the Old Northwest European Migration period (1820-1885)was the __________.
A)Russians
B)Germans
C)Africans
D)Chinese
E)Japanese
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Technology and the Environment
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text's discussion of the United States and the world environment __________.
A)there is not that much difference in living standards between the United States and most other countries
B)most Americans eat a much larger proportion of grain than meat in their diets
C)energy resources and consumption are equally distributed throughout the world
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q2) As of 2002,United States has __________ tons of spent nuclear fuel and other nuclear wastes.
A)57,000
B)77,000
C)97,000
D)107,000
E)177,000
Q3) Explain how land degradation,noise,chemical hazards,and large-scale engineering projects threaten the well being of the earth and its inhabitants.
Q4) What are the major contributors to water pollution? How do they affect human beings,the economy,and the ecosystem?
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Chapter 15: War and Global Insecurity
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text,for those who have experienced its tragic devastation,the most serious social problem is __________.
A)war
B)pollution
C)the urban crisis
D)crime
E)corporate power
Q2) What are the major alternatives to the arms race? Which are more likely to be seen? Which would be more effective in bringing peace? Why?
Q3) Which of the following does NOT reflect a war crime?
A)needless shelling of enemy positions
B)grave breaches of Article 50 of the Geneva Convention
C)assassination and the hiring of assassins
D)violation of surrender terms
E)All of the above are war crimes.
Q4) What are the direct and indirect effects of war? How will nuclear war differ?
Q5) Trace the major steps that have been made by nations and international agencies in arms
control.What more has to be done?
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