Introduction to Sociology
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Introduction to Sociology explores the fundamental concepts, theories, and methods used to analyze human social behavior and society. This course examines the development of social institutions, group dynamics, culture, socialization, social stratification, and the influence of society on individuals. Students will engage with topics such as family, education, religion, media, race, gender, and class, gaining insights into how societal forces shape identities and everyday life. Through critical analysis and real-world examples, students will develop an understanding of the complex interactions between individuals and their social environments.
Recommended Textbook
Race in America 1st Edition by Matthew Desmond
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11 Chapters
578 Verified Questions
578 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Race in the Twenty-First Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) The current _______________ in the United States delineates five major groups.
A)homogenizing heading
B)ethnic variation
C)cultural schema
D)racial taxonomy
Answer: D
Q2) Race is often described with reference to __________,but there is much more genetic variation within _______________ groups than between them.
A)genomes;DNA
B)biological markers skin shade,hair texture,etc. );DNA
C)cultures;traditionally-defined racial groups
D)biological markers;traditionally-defined racial groups
Answer: D
Q3) According to the textbook,what are two key forms of racial domination?
A)institutional racism and white privilege
B)institutional racism and political domination
C)institutional racism and interpersonal racism
D)interpersonal racism and white privilege
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Invention of Race
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who were the first group to colonize the Americas?
A)Spaniards
B)British
C)French
D)Dutch Answer: A
Q2) According to current demographic projections,whites will become a racial minority in the United States by what year?
A)2023
B)2030
C)2043
D)2060
Answer: C
Q3) What did Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth have in common?
A)They were rare examples of black slave owners.
B)They were former slaves turned abolitionists.
C)They worked closely with feminists to highlight the gendered aspects of race.
D)They were leaders of armed slave rebellions.
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the name of the policy that prohibited voter discrimination,outlawed literacy tests,and gave the federal government power to oversee voter registration?
A)Civil Rights Act of 1964
B)Voting Rights Act of 1965
C)the Southern Strategy
D)the Moynihan Report
Answer: B
Q2) In 2015,thirteen students were arrested at the University of Minnesota when they conducted a sit-in at the president's office in an attempt to protest the lack of diversity in the faculty.These protestors most clearly followed in the tradition of which group?
A)Third World Liberation Front
B)American Indian movement
C)National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
D)United Farm Workers
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Economics
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Q1) Little Italy in New York City,where a number of Italian Americans have lived and owned businesses for generations,is an example of what?
A)an immigrant consortium
B)an ethnic enclave
C)a cosmopolitan canopy
D)an assimilation district
Q2) Between 1984 and 2009,what happened to the wealth gap between white and black families?
A)The wealth gap virtually disappeared.
B)The wealth gap nearly doubled.
C)The wealth gap nearly tripled.
D)The wealth gap nearly quadrupled.
Q3) What was the result of Reaganomics on the poorest fifth of Americans?
A)Their income dropped an average of 10 percent.
B)Their income increased an average of 15 percent.
C)Their employment rate increased an average of 20 percent.
D)Their employment rate decreased an average of 2 percent.
Q4) What are the two dominant sociological arguments about how ethnic enclaves affect immigrants' upward mobility and economic prosperity?
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Chapter 5: Housing
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Q1) How did urban development projects immediately following World War II affect housing opportunities for nonwhites?
A)It gave them the opportunity to live in new,quality housing in the urban center.
B)It evicted many from their homes,forcing them into overcrowded slums.
C)It pushed them to the suburbs,but without access to public transportation.
D)It pushed them into white neighborhoods,resulting in integration.
Q2) In the 1920s and 1930s,why did some recent immigrants,such as Germans and Irish,leave the slum and assimilate into the American mainstream but others,such as the Chinese,did not?
A)Chinese immigrants had their businesses near the slums.
B)Chinese immigrants did not work as hard as the Germans and Irish to move out of the slums.
C)Laws and customs,based on the "racial uniform" did not allow the Chinese to live anywhere else.
D)Chinese immigrants preferred to live in the slums with their extended families.
Q3) What are two purposes that ethnic enclaves serve for immigrants?
Q4) Explain two consequences of residential segregation,as identified in Chapter 5.
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Chapter 6: Crime and Punishment
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Q1) The authors of the textbook write,"Post-September 11 America is set apart not by the presence of terrorism but by the victims of it." Explain this quote in one sentence,and provide one piece of evidence to support your interpretation.
Q2) In what way did lynch mobs uphold white patriarchy?
Q3) According to the textbook,what is one political consequence of being imprisoned?
A)In many states,felons lose the right to vote.
B)People with criminal records are eliminated from job applicant pools.
C)Incarcerated parents miss out on key events of their children's lives.
D)Felons are more likely to vote than nonfelons.
Q4) Which kind of crime grosses between $300 billion and $660 billion each year?
A)sex trafficking
B)drug dealing
C)gun trade
D)white-collar
Q5) What was the Jena 6 case,and what is one point the case highlights regarding race relations in the United States?
Q6) Evaluate the claim that the rise in the prison population was simply a response to a rising crime rate.Provide at least two pieces of evidence from Chapter 6 to support your answer.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Education
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Q1) Which best describes the relationship between the educational policies applied to African Americans and American Indians during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
A)exclusion /assimilation
B)assimilation/ reeducation
C)exclusion/ reeducation
D)inclusion/ exclusion
Q2) How did the 1945 Mendez v.Westminster School District case help pave the way for the Brown v.Board of Education decisions?
Q3) Which of the following best describes the legal strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People NAACP)campaign to end school segregation?
A)challenged that segregated schools were in fact separate
B)challenged that segregated schools were in fact not equal
C)challenged that segregated schools caused employment discrimination for teachers
D)challenged that integrated schools were discriminatory
Q4) What is one way that social capital may be a "double-edged sword" with respect to its impact on high school performance?
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Chapter 8: Aesthetics
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Q1) An increase in double-eyelid surgeries by Asian Americans is an example of an outcome from the internalization of what?
A)the racist aesthetic
B)the nonracist aesthetic
C)the white aesthetic
D)cultural appropriation
Q2) How are regulations in many professional settings against traditional African American fashion such as Afros,dashikis,and brightly colored suits)connected to the historical development of race and class divisions between high- and lowbrow culture?
Q3) According to sociologist Georg Simmel,what happens when lower classes begin to copy the fashions of the upper class?
A)Social divisions between groups begin to dissolve.
B)The fashions are adopted as near universal norms.
C)The upper class abandons the style and finds something new.
D)The lower classes experience upward mobility.
Q4) In addition to misrepresenting people of color,what are three ways that the racist aesthetic misrepresents racial domination? Give one example of each type of misrepresentation.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Associations
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Q1) The fact that our religious institutions are as racially and ethnically segregated as they are is an example of:
A)racial homophily in religious life
B)something more common before Brown v.Board of Education 1954)
C)nonwhite places of worship encouraging these divisions
D)religious associations promoting racial and ethnic identities
Q2) How did the Young Women's Christian Association YWCA)change during the twentieth century?
A)The YWCA excluded black women from its services until the modern Civil Rights Movement,when the organization formed a chapter specifically for black women.
B)White women organized to exclude black women from volunteering with the YWCA after the Civil Rights Movement.
C)Black women organized and helped transform the YWCA from a racially segregated organization into one that prioritized racial justice.
D)Black women left the segregated YWCA to form a new organization that addressed the particular interests of black women.
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Chapter 10: Intimate Life
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Q1) In 1930s America,economic pressures resulted in which of the following impacts for nonwhite families?
A)efforts to force repatriations of Mexicans and Mexican Americans to Mexico
B)high reproduction rates among American blacks to enhance profits under sharecropping
C)the mobilization of female laborers,including women of color,to boost the economy
D)an uptake in interracial marriages,especially between whites and Asian Americans
Q2) The practice known as a "Mississippi appendectomy" is best described by which of the following?
A)a forced sterilization performed on a poor black woman in the South as practice for medical residents at teaching hospitals
B)slave masters forcing black women to bear children for their future profitability
C)the division of plantations into family-run "share crops" in Mississippi
D)the common practice of castration of males that was a part of Jim Crow era lynchings in the South
Q3) What is "racial authenticity," and why is it important?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Toward Racial Democracy
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Q1) Using the practice of affirmative action under the integrative model means:
A)diversity in the workplace,higher education,and other institutions is achieved by focusing on why diversity benefits the institution rather than on moral issues
B)as people of different racial backgrounds work together,cleavages may arise;by tackling these confrontationally,racial progress happens
C)the rationale for inclusion is based on a philosophy of quantitative/numerical representation
D)that institutions achieve racial democracy by allowing worthy and qualified people of all races the chance for meaningful participation
Q2) After the national crisis on September 11,2001,the phrase "United We Stand" emerged as a unifier across racial boundaries.Does this phrase represent the framework of color-blindness or cosmopolitanism?
Q3) What is the basic problem with statements such as "Blacks are very athletic."?
Q4) Why do the proponents of color-blindness critique cosmopolitanism? Do you agree with their critiques? Why or why not?
Q5) For proponents of the color-blind framework,what is the role of racial identity in society?
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