Introduction to Social Work Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Introduction to Social Work provides students with a comprehensive overview of the social work profession, including its history, core values, principles, and diverse areas of practice. The course explores the roles and responsibilities of social workers in various settings such as healthcare, schools, child welfare, and community organizations. Emphasis is placed on cultural competence, social justice, and advocacy as essential components of ethical social work practice. Through theoretical frameworks and real-world case studies, students gain foundational knowledge and skills needed to understand and support individuals, families, and communities in addressing challenges and enhancing well-being.
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Empowerment Series Research Methods for Social Work 9th Edition by Allen Rubin
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Chapter 1: Why Study Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is/are an aim of social work research?
A) To produce knowledge for knowledge's sake.
B) To provide practical knowledge to guide social work practice.
C) To provide information needed to alleviate human suffering and promote social welfare
D) all of the above
E) Both b and c are true
Answer: E
Q2) When social work practitioners utilize research discriminatingly, they help uphold and advance the values and mission of their profession.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) It is possible that some social work services might have unintended harmful effects on clients, no matter how well trained the social workers are in delivering those services, and no matter how appropriately they deliver them.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) An online search for evidence should
A) use multiple search terms.
B) be restricted to articles published in refereed journals, only.
C) avoid systematic reviews emanating from searches already completed by others.
D) all of the above. ted by others.
Answer: A
Q2) Whether practitioners need to evaluate the intervention they apply depends on how strong the existing research evidence is that supports that intervention.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Evidence about practice effectiveness will
A) always be conclusive.
B) sometimes indicate what actions NOT to take.
C) usually indicate what is effective with every client or situation.
D) will point toward taking an action that the client is certain to want.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Factors Influencing the Research Process
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Q1) Comparing ideologies and paradigms, which of the following is true?
A) a paradigm organizes our observations and makes sense of them.
B) an ideology is a closed system of values and beliefs.
C) a paradigm does not tell us the answer.
D) paradigms are frequently discarded.
E) All are true except D.
Answer: E
Q2) A probabilistic explanation takes the form
A) x is always y.
B) x is never y.
C) x tends to be y.
D) x is y if a and b are true.
E) None of the above is probabilistic.
Answer: C
Q3) In deduction we start from observed data and develop a generalization that explains the relationship between the observed concepts.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Comparing Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed
Methods of Inquiry
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Q1) Research procedures are more likely to be specified in advance in qualitative studies than in quantitative studies.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is/are an aim of qualitative studies?
A) Deeper understanding.
B) Generating hypotheses.
C) Discovery.
D) All of the above.
Q3) Identify and briefly describe three advanced mixed-methods designs.
Q4) Which of the following statements is/are true about the research process?
A) Qualitative and quantitative research methods are compatible.
B) Writing any part of the research report should be delayed until all the data are analyzed and interpreted.
C) It ends with the completion of a study.
D) All of the above.
Q5) Describe the contrasting emphases of quantitative and qualitative studies.
Q6) Mixed-methods research has fallen out of favor in recent years.
A)True
B)False Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter 5: The Ethics and Politics of Social Work Research
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Q1) The PRIMARY ethical research issue raised by the Milgram study was
A) the willingness of people to harm others when "following orders" required it.
B) the administering of electrical shocks.
C) the effects of the methods on the experimental subjects.
D) the effects of the methods on the learner.
E) the examination of obedience as a topic for study.
Q2) Which of the following does NOT harm subjects?
A) having them face aspects of themselves that they do not normally consider.
B) asking them to reveal their unpopular attitudes.
C) asking them to identify their deviant behavior.
D) allowing them to easily identify themselves in the final report.
E) All of the above may harm respondents.
Q3) Illustrate how ethics and politics affect social work research. ting the findings.
Q4) Which of the following questions should be answered in an informed consent form?
A) Do you have to participate?
B) How will your privacy and the confidentiality of your research records be protected?
C) Will the researchers benefit from your participation in this study?
D) All of the above.
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Culturally Competent Research
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Q1) Culturally competent research involves
A) being well read in the culture of concern before beginning any investigation in it.
B) being ethnocentric.
C) making broad generalizations about the culture as a whole.
D) all of the above.
Q2) It is not always easy to define who qualifies as a member of a specific ethnic minority group.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the steps you would take to maximize the recruitment and retention of recently immigrated substance abusing Mexican American youths and their parents in a longitudinal evaluation of the effectiveness of a family-oriented substance program in Laredo a U.S. city located on the Texas-Mexico border.
Q4) No ethnic minority group is homogeneous.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the difference between linguistic, conceptual and metric equivalence.
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Chapter 7: Problem Formulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study in which a researcher examined major U.S. newspaper editorials that dealt with the topic of public welfare, the unit of analysis was
A) public welfare.
B) major U.S. cities.
C) newspapers.
D) newspaper editorials.
E) welfare recipients.
Q2) In order to formulate the question and purpose for your research requires considering the time dimension.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discuss the exploratory, descriptive and explanatory purposes for doing research. Describe a study that illustrates each purpose.
Q4) Which of the following is an attribute of a good research question?
A) There should be many possible acceptable answers to it.
B) It need NOT be stated in specific terms.
C) It need NOT be answerable by observable evidence.
D) Its answer should be relevant to others concerned about social work or social welfare.
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Chapter 8: Conceptualization in Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry
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Sample Questions
Q1) To elicit valid information, your scale should be sufficiently long to take at least an hour to complete.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The following is an example of a good hypothesis: "Social work practitioners who work in mental health agencies do not care adequately for the chronically mentally ill."
A)True
B)False
Q3) If we find that test performance improves as level of anxiety increases from low to moderate amounts and then worsens as level of anxiety increases beyond moderate amounts, then we have found what type of relationship?
A) positive.
B) negative.
C) curvilinear.
D) causal.
Q4) Discuss how the quantitative and qualitative perspectives on operational definitions differ.
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Chapter 9: Measurement
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Q1) Most social scientists would not accept the conceptualization of IQ as foot size because such a measurement would lack
A) precision.
B) reliability.
C) accuracy.
D) validity.
Q2) When someone who has sexually abused a child consistently denies having done so, it is an example of
A) systematic measurement error.
B) random measurement error.
C) unreliable data.
D) face error
Q3) An interview with someone with a limited vocabulary who therefore does not understand the questions being asked is likely to produce A) systematic error.
B) random error.
C) validity.
D) reliability
Q4) Describe how qualitative studies attempt to deal with reliability and validity.
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Chapter 10: Constructing Measurement Instruments
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Q1) Asking respondents if they have any children before asking them about the ages of their children is an example of:
A) a contingency question.
B) a double-barreled question.
C) a biased question.
D) a negative item.
Q2) The following answer categories about ethnicity are exhaustive: Caucasian ________ African American ________ Hispanic ________
A)True
B)False
Q3) When the variable "marital status" is classified as never married, currently married, or currently married but separated, this variable has the important quality/ qualities of being
A) mutually exclusive.
B) exhaustive.
C) interchangeable.
D) ratio scale.
Q4) Identify acceptable options for handling missing data in an index or scale.
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Chapter 11: Causal Inference and Experimental Designs
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Q1) The effectiveness of randomization in experimentation is affected by the number of participants involved.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy. If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program, then we can conclude that:
A) the program effectively reduces truancy.
B) a selection bias might explain away the difference.
C) causality cannot be inferred because of the lack of covariation.
D) some clients benefited, so the program has value.
Q3) An instrumentation effect occurs when:
A) the instrument employed for the pretest has an effect that shows up on the posttest.
B) the measurement instrument is changed from the pretest to the posttest.
C) there is a change on the dependent variable from the pretest score to the posttest score.
D) there is statistical regression to the mean.
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Chapter 12: Quasi-Experimental Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is/are true about case-control designs?
A) They are rarely feasible.
B) Data must be collected at multiple points in time.
C) Retrospective data are collected about past differences that might explain differences in outcome.
D) We can usually be highly confident about their internal and external validity.
E) We can usually be highly confident about the direction of causal influence.
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about carrying out experiments and quasi-experiments in social agencies?
A) The intervention being tested is almost always implemented in the intended fashion.
B) The control condition almost never is contaminated by interaction between clients in the experimental and control groups.
C) Practitioners might violate the research protocol for case assignment to make sure that clients receive the intervention being evaluated.
D) Outside agencies can be relied upon to refer enough clients to ensure obtaining a sufficient sample size.
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Chapter 13: Single-Case Evaluation Designs
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Q1) Which of the following approaches would be least obtrusive in regard to measuring the impact of the above group work intervention on school performance?
A) Obtain grade, attendance, and conduct data from school records.
B) Observe the student's in-class behavior yourself.
C) With the client's permission, obtain videotapes of the child's in-class behavior.
D) Interview the child.
Q2) The length of the baseline in single-case designs should be A) as long as is practically and ethically possible.
B) shorter with a low frequency behavior than with a high frequency behavior.
C) shortened if an unstable trend appears.
D) as short as possible.
Q3) A social work student seeks to reduce her own general level of anxiety through self-desensitization. She used the last five weeks of the fall semester for her baseline and the first five weeks of the spring semester for her intervention period. Why is this a problem? What alternative do you propose?
Q4) Identify three qualitative methods that can be incorporated in single-case evaluation, and discuss the function of each method.
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Chapter 14: Program Evaluation
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Q1) Why might the increasing importance that funding sources attach to program evaluation be a mixed blessing in terms of the way politics can affect program evaluations?
Q2) Describe the impact managed care has had on program evaluation.
Q3) What steps should program evaluators take in order to foster the utilization of their studies?
Q4) External evaluators, as compared to In-house evaluators, are likely to:
A) have less access to program information and personnel.
B) have more knowledge about program processes.
C) have less independence from agency administrators.
D) experience no pressure whatsoever from stakeholders regarding desired results.
Q5) Because the rates under treatment approach to needs assessment only looks at those currently utilizing services, it is vulnerable to underestimating the true extent of need.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are the advantages and disadvantages of evaluating program outcome and efficiency, as compared to monitoring program implementation?
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Chapter 15: Sampling
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Q1) A researcher randomly selects cities, then randomly selects churches in each selected city, and the randomly selects members to be interviewed in each selected church. This research is using
A) simple random sampling.
B) quota sampling.
C) multistage cluster sampling.
D) stratified sampling.
E) accidental sampling.
Q2) What is the basic logic of probability sampling? How do such concepts as homogeneity, heterogeneity, sampling bias, representativeness, and probability of selection fit into this logic?
Q3) Stratifying a population prior to drawing a sample
A) generally occurs when the variables used to stratify are known to be associated with the dependent variable.
B) eliminates the need for simple random sampling.
C) is most useful for studying a homogeneous population.
D) eliminates the need for probability sampling.
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Chapter 16: Survey Research
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Q1) The standardization of the data collected represents a special strength of survey research.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is true about survey research?
A) It is least useful when trying to describe a very large population.
B) It makes it feasible to obtain very large samples.
C) Its findings are less generalizable than the findings of experiments.
D) A limitation is the inability to analyze more than two variables simultaneously.
E) An advantage is the ability to develop a deep feel for what respondents are thinking.
Q3) Probes are used more frequently in open-ended questions than in closed-ended ones.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Give a comparative analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of survey research.
Q5) Identify three do's and three don'ts among the tips for conducting online surveys.
Q6) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of online surveys.
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Page 19
Chapter 17: Analyzing Existing Data: Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
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Q1) Professor Perlman was interested in comparing two textbooks to determine whether one used more sexist language than the other. Perlman counted the number of times a gender reference appeared in each book. Perlman was doing
A) latent content coding.
B) manifest content coding.
C) quota sampling.
D) qualitative research.
Q2) After examining the FBI Crime Reports for a 30-year period, Professor Hall claimed that the incidence of rape has increased. After examining the same reports, Professor Shine claimed that the reporting of rape, not the incidence of rape, has increased. This illustrates
A) the problem of reliability in using existing statistics.
B) the problem of validity in using existing statistics.
C) the need to replicate existing statistics.
D) the ecological fallacy.
Q3) Describe the difference between primary and secondary sources in historical research and the cautions to keep in mind when using each type of source.
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Chapter 18: Qualitative Research: General Principles
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Q1) An advantage of qualitative research is that
A) it enables the researcher to draw conclusions about the population.
B) the researcher can control the variables under study.
C) social life can be studied in a natural setting.
D) hypotheses can be rigorously tested.
Q2) Professor Smith was interested in reporting the reality of the experiences of teenage runaways living on the streets in their own terms. Smith is probably most interested in:
A) being a complete participant.
B) grounded theory.
C) ethnography.
D) hermeneutics.
Q3) Qualitative research differs from other forms of observation in that it is both a data-collecting and a theory-generating activity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Grounded theory emphasizes inductive processes, but can incorporate deductive processes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Qualitative Research: Specific Methods
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Q1) Although there are no clear guidelines to follow, what ethical considerations should a researcher consider when choosing which role to assume in the field?
Q2) How does qualitative interviewing differ from quantitative survey interviewing?
Q3) Explain what is meant by reflexivity and why it is a key part of qualitative research.
Q4) Establishing rapport in qualitative field research involves using active listening skills taught in some basic social work practice classes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The qualitative researcher in the role of participant-as-observer participates fully with the group under study but does not disclose his or her role as researcher.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Using the life-history method, researchers ask open-ended questions to discover how participants in a study understand the significant events and meanings in their own lives.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Qualitative Data Analysis
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Q1) The utility of case-oriented analysis is the fact that one case canmake theory.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Variable-oriented research is similar to the nomothetic model of explanation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is TRUE of variable-oriented analysis?
A) It is similar to the idiographic model of explanation.
B) It assumes that the researcher can predict every individual's behavior.
C) It assumes that the researcher can explain one person's motivations in full.
D) It provides a partial explanation of overall orientations and actions.
Q4) In reading Court decisions, Professor Wofford notices that the decisions typically discuss the "rational male." Wofford begins to write notes in which she ruminates about the notion of the rational male as well as why the concept of the rational female is not mentioned. Wofford's memos are
A) code notes.
B) operational notes.
C) theoretical notes.
D) integrating memos.
Q5) Identify at last one way that computer programs analyze qualitative data.
Page 23
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Chapter 21: Descriptive Data Analysis
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Q1) Provide an example of how descriptive statistics can be used in qualitative research.
Q2) An example of multivariate analysis would be
A) an examination of the ages of all women who are corporate executives.
B) an analysis of the relationship among age, sex, and type of nightspot frequented in a given city in the Midwest.
C) an analysis of the relationship that exists between types of undergraduate major and position held in business.
D) an analysis of the relationship between type of offense and length of prison sentence for those who had a jury trial.
Q3) If the standard deviation equals 0, we may conclude
A) that there is no dispersion in the data.
B) that the mean is a poor measure of the average.
C) that the data have a great deal of dispersion.
D) The mode is 0.
Q4) The range is smaller than the interquartile range.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the purpose of data cleaning? How is it done?
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Chapter 22: Inferential Data Analysis
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Q1) When a finding is statistically significant:
A) alternative explanations other than the independent variable are not plausible.
B) a strong relationship has been observed.
C) it is an important finding.
D) its meaning depends on the rigor of the research methods.
Q2) Explain what is meant by "chance as a rival hypothesis.
Q3) The term "clinical significance" means the same thing as "substantive significance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How would you interpret a finding from an experiment in which a costly and time-consuming intervention to reduce school dropout had a statistically significant outcome with a Cohen's d effect size of .20? What if the effect size were .80, but the outcome were not statistically significant due to a low sample size?
Q5) The more statistically significant a finding, the less likely it isto be explained away by extraneous variables or design flaws.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 23: Writing Research Proposals and Reports
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Q1) Which of the following is true about guidelines for writing a research proposal?
A) The guidelines for writing a research proposal will vary depending on its purpose.
B) Federal government agencies usually expect much shorter proposals than do other funding sources.
C) It is usually reasonable to assume that different research funding sources have very similar proposal expectations.
D) The cost of the research should be overestimated.
Q2) Which of the following statements is FALSE about the purpose of a literature review in a research report? Literature reviews should:
A) point out general agreements and minimize the disagreements among previous researchers.
B) show where your research fits into the general body of scientific knowledge.
C) lay the groundwork for your study.
D) show why your research may have value in the larger scheme of things.
Q3) Social work research reports should include implications that may be useful in guiding policy or practice.
A)True
B)False
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