Introduction to Psychology Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology explores the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes, offering a broad overview of key psychological concepts, theories, and research methods. Students will examine foundational topics such as perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, development, personality, and social interaction. The course also introduces major approaches within psychology, including biological, cognitive, behavioral, psychoanalytic, and humanistic perspectives, as well as applications of psychological principles in everyday life. By the end of the course, students will have a solid understanding of how psychologists investigate questions about mind and behavior, preparing them for further study in the field.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology Themes and Variations 5th Canadian Edition by Wayne Weiten
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38 Chapters
6160 Verified Questions
6160 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: A: The Evolution of Psychology
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228 Verified Questions
228 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Evoy does research that has examined the behaviour of individuals when they are in groups,as well as when they are alone.She has found that people tend to conform to the opinion of a dominant person within a group,and that this opinion tends to be much different than the opinion that would form if the individual were alone.Based on this information,which sort of psychologist do you think Dr.Evoy is
A) social psychologist
B) developmental psychologist
C) cognitive psychologist
D) psychometrist
Answer: A
Q2) Which career setting is most common for a psychologist
A) elementary schools
B) colleges or universities
C) hospitals or clinics
D) private practice
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 1: B: The Evolution of Psychology
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138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which school of psychology was most influential in increasing the use of animals in psychological research
A) structuralism
B) humanism
C) behaviourism
D) animalism
Answer: C
Q2) Which statement best describes the enduring influence of structuralism and functionalism on psychology today
A) Neither structuralism nor functionalism exerted a long-lasting influence on psychology.
B) Both structuralism and functionalism exerted equivalent influences on psychology.
C) Structuralism has exerted the greatest influence on psychology.
D) Functionalism has exerted the greatest influence on psychology.
Answer: D
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Chapter 1: C: The Evolution of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Castiel measured the participants' general violent tendencies in an attempt to control for ________.
A)participants' reactivity levels
B)extraneous variables
C)confounding variables
D)response bias
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is an accurate representation of Jordan's findings in her latest study
A) Being a bully causes a child to have bad grades.
B) Having bad grades causes a child to be a bully.
C) There is an association between being a bully and having low grades.
D) There is no significant association between being a bully and having low grades.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: A: The Research Enterprise in Psychology
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219 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many dependent variables are used in this study
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 10
Q2) What is represented by a correlation coefficient of zero
A) absence of correlation between two variables
B) a negative correlation between two variables
C) a perfect linear correlation between two variables
D) a positive correlation between two variables
Q3) What differs between an experimental group and a control group
A) The characteristics of the participants.
B) Only the experimental group is measured for the dependent variable.
C) Nothing except the experience of the independent variable.
D) Only the control group experiences the independent variable.
Q4) What is a disadvantage of the experimental method
A) Experiments often can't be done for practical or ethical reasons.
B) Only one variable can be studied at a time.
C) Length of time necessary to complete the study.
D) Inability to generate cause-and-effect conclusions.
Page 6
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Chapter 2: B: The Research Enterprise in Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which section of a journal article describing psychological research contains the author's interpretation and evaluation of the data
A) conclusion
B) references
C) results
D) discussion
Q2) Which science goal is reflected in psychologists' hopes that their research will help to solve some practical problem
A) understanding and prediction
B) measurement and description
C) construction and revision
D) application and control
Q3) In scientific investigations,a researcher must clearly outline the variables under study by precisely describing how they will be measured or controlled.What are these descriptions called
A) independent variables
B) objective definitions
C) operational definitions
D) dependent variables
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Chapter 3: A: The Biological Bases of Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which division of the nervous system is most likely to be in control of bodily processes during periods of rest and recovery for the body
A) parasympathetic
B) somatic
C) peripheral
D) sympathetic
Q2) In which area of the brain is the dopamine system involved in Parkinson's disease located
A) forebrain
B) midbrain
C) brain stem
D) hindbrain
Q3) To confirm a diagnosis of epilepsy,a neurologist needs to record the overall electrical activity in Hillary's brain.What would be the best way for the neurologist to obtain this information
A) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
B) an electroencephalograph (EEG)
C) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
D) computerized tomography (CT) scan
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Chapter 3: B: The Biological Bases of Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the parasympathetic nervous system is currently active,which bodily function is likely to be occurring
A) digestion
B) cortisol secretion
C) crying
D) orgasm
Q2) If a patient has a stroke that leads to respiratory failure,in which brain area did the stroke likely occur
A) cerebellum
B) medulla
C) pons
D) reticular formation
Q3) Which process is the medulla involved in
A) relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex
B) sleep and arousal
C) coordinating body movements and balance
D) controlling essential functions such as breathing
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9
Chapter 3: C: The Biological Basis of Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) While on their date,Viola is nervous and accidentally cuts herself with her knife.Half an hour later,Viola still feels pain in her finger,but it feels more like an aching or burning.This pain was modulated by the ____ pathway which uses ____ fibres.
A) slow-acting; C
B) slow-acting; A-delta
C) fast-acting; C
D) fast-acting; A-delta
Q2) Which of the following is most likely
A) Pam's symptoms will spontaneously clear up.
B) Pam is suffering from "pseudo-insomnia."
C) Pam has a lower than average body temperature.
D) Pam's symptoms will improve as she ages.
Q3) If Jim's father Dwight experiences somnambulism,which of the following is true
A) He is likely to have deep underlying emotional issues.
B) He is likely to have a brother who also has somnambulism.
C) He is likely to remember in great detail his episodes the next morning.
D) He is likely to experience excessive daytime sleepiness.
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Chapter 4: A: Sensation and Perception
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217 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Will was painting a picture of a jet on a runway.In his painting,the plane is low in the visual field and the runway is higher up.The plane seems near,while the runway seems more distant.Which monocular pictorial depth cue has Will used
A) linear perspective
B) convergence
C) motion parallax
D) height in plane
Q2) Which type of processing is most important for the ability to rapidly process words that you are reading
A) lateral
B) bottom-up
C) top-down
D) feature analysis
Q3) What is stimulated when light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field
A) the inhibitory synapse to the visual cell
B) the excitatory synapse to the visual cell
C) the optic nerve
D) the optic disc
Q4) Using appropriate examples,show how perceptual experiences can be subjective.
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Chapter 4: B: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Can we be influenced by things that we are not consciously aware of " Which topic addresses this question
A) subliminal perception
B) sensory adaptation
C) psychophysics
D) signal-detection theory
Q2) When compared to average individuals,which statement best describes supertasters
A) They tend to eat more vegetables.
B) They tend to have a high risk of cardiovascular disease, due to overeating.
C) They are less likely to enjoy sweets.
D) They are more likely to smoke.
Q3) Which structure of the eye focuses light rays onto the retina
A) pupil
B) optic disk
C) cornea
D) lens
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12
Chapter 5: A: Variations in Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statements does NOT accurately describe the debate over whether alcoholism is a disease
A) The question of whether alcoholism is a disease is a matter of definition.
B) More research is needed to determine whether or not alcoholism is a disease.
C) One can inherit a genetic vulnerability to alcoholism.
D) Alcoholism disrupts a variety of vital functions.
Q2) Which statement best describes dreams
A) We are most likely to recall dreams with sexual content.
B) Dream recall fades quickly after waking.
C) The reason we do not remember our dreams is that the content of the dream is repressed.
D) Only about 75 percent of all people dream.
Q3) Carlos regularly goes directly from wakefulness to REM sleep for brief periods of time each day.This is very disruptive to his life,and he feels that he has no control over it.Which term best describes Carlos's daily pattern
A) hypersomnia
B) siesta
C) narcolepsy
D) sleep apnea
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Page 13
Chapter 5: B: Variations in Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tracy's brain waves are low frequency and have high amplitude.What stage of sleep is Tracy in
A) stage 1
B) stage 2
C) stage 3
D) REM
Q2) What has been determined to be an effective treatment for insomnia
A) electroconvulsive shock therapy
B) cognitive-behavioural therapy
C) hypnosis
D) salt therapy
Q3) When a person must continue to take a drug to satisfy an intense mental and emotional craving,what is that state called
A) psychological dependence
B) physical dependence
C) codependence
D) tolerance
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14
Chapter 6: A: Learning
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226 Verified Questions
226 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which example most clearly shows that an animal's biological predispositions can affect the ease of learning an association
A) Garcia's rats drinking sweet water that had been paired with shock
B) Skinner's rats pressing levers in an operant chamber
C) Pavlov's dogs learning to salivate to a tone
D) Thorndike's cats escaping a puzzle box
Q2) Dr.Baptista is attempting to train both birds and rodents to fear a clicking sound by pairing the click with presentation of shock.The birds respond with fear to the clicking sound very early in the experiment,but the rodents take a long time to learn.Dr.Baptista notes that the rodents' mating calls sound very much like the clicking noises used in the experiment.What would explain the rodents' slow learning in this study
A) the superiority of fear conditioning in birds
B) learning deficits during the mating season as a result of divided attention
C) a general deficit in learning ability in this species of rodents
D) a biological constraint on learning due to evolved traits in this species
Q3) Briefly describe observational learning and explain how it relates to classical and operant conditioning.
Q4) Design a self-modification program to improve your study habits.
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Page 15
Chapter 6: B: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why do people usually cringe when they hear a dentist drill
A) observational learning
B) operant conditioning
C) behaviour modification
D) classical conditioning
Q2) Which type of learning occurs when an organism's response is influenced by the observation of others who are called models
A) observational learning
B) operant conditioning
C) shaping
D) classical conditioning
Q3) What do we call the gradual weakening and disappearance of a tendency to make a conditioned response
A) stimulus discrimination
B) extinction
C) spontaneous recovery
D) higher-order conditioning
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Page 16
Chapter 6: C: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Molly finds herself writing a report about a case while at the same time talking one the phone with a client from a different case.In this instance,Molly is using ______ which is part of her ____ memory.
A) dual-coding; short-term
B) dual-coding; working
C) her executive control system; short-term
D) her executive control system; working
Q2) While working on a case,Molly notices a suspect entering a building.She soon has to leave the area because she is afraid someone will notice her,but she constantly repeats the address to herself until she reaches her office and has a chance to write it down.Molly is using ____ rehearsal to maintain the information she needs in ______memory.
A) maintenance; working
B) maintenance; short-term
C) elaborative; working
D) elaborative; short-term
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17
Chapter 7: A: Human Memory
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234 Verified Questions
234 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of phonemic encoding
A) memorizing lines from a poem
B) remembering a grocery list by visualizing the cake you will make with the ingredients
C) thinking of definitions for each word you must remember
D) thinking of rhyming words for each item on your shopping list
Q2) Why is the use of hypnosis to recover repressed memories considered to be a problem
A) Hypnosis tends to increase memory distortions so that the memories are inaccessible.
B) The memories are so vivid that vulnerable clients are highly distressed when they remember violent or disturbing incidents.
C) Hypnosis tends to make clients more confident about inaccurate memories.
D) Hypnosis may recover the target memory but will lead to repression of other memories.
Q3) What resulted in the brain damage of Endel Tulving's famous patient K.C.
A) a motorcycle accident
B) a war time injury
C) a diving accident
D) a seizure disorder
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Page 18
Chapter 7: B: Human Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which pair of terms does NOT belong together
A) retrieval; short-term memory
B) encoding; attention
C) schema; long-term memory
D) rehearsal; short-term memory
Q2) Steven experienced a serious head injury during a hockey game.When he regained consciousness,he found that he couldn't remember going to the rink that day.Upon further questioning,it was revealed that he could not recall anything in the two years leading up to the injury.What sort of amnesia did Steven experience
A) complete amnesia
B) retrograde amnesia
C) partial amnesia
D) anterograde amnesia
Q3) In which memory store is rehearsal most beneficial for maintaining information
A) intermediate-term memory
B) short-term memory
C) long-term memory
D) sensory memory
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Chapter 8: A: Language and Thought
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a result of having a confirmation bias
A) New information is interpreted as consistent with an existing belief.
B) It allows people to make accurate decisions more quickly.
C) It interferes with our ability to accurately code and store information.
D) It tends to produce mental set and functional fixedness.
Q2) Charlene was packing for a trip and she started to just pile all of her favourite clothes into her suitcase.She realized that she didn't have room for everything that she would like to take so she made a list of how many items she would need for the five days that she would be away and selected just the number of items that she would need.Which strategy did Charlene use
A) an algorithm
B) working backward
C) changing the representation of the problem
D) searching for an analogy
Q3) What would change depending on whether you used a word in a literal sentence or a sarcastic sentence
A) denotation
B) phonemes
C) connotation
D) morphemes
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Chapter 8: B: Language and Thought
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement does NOT accurately describe bilingualism
A) It is the acquisition of two languages that use different speech sounds, vocabulary, and grammatical rules.
B) It is the norm in most of North America.
C) It is the norm in Europe.
D) Nearly half of the world's population are bilingual.
Q2) Which task is involved in analogy problems such as "Dog is to puppy as cat is to ____"
A) inducing structure
B) arrangement
C) mental set
D) transformation
Q3) According to definitions in your textbook,when people decide to place bets on horse races,games of chance,and athletic events,what are they doing
A) playing the odds
B) making foolish decisions
C) making preference decisions
D) making risky decisions
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Chapter 9: A: Intelligence and Psychological Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Shelley is about to complete an IQ test,and she believes that people will attribute a poor score to her race rather than her effort or education.As a consequence of this belief,she performs more poorly on the exam than she is able.Which theory is illustrated in this example
A) reaction range
B) stereotype vulnerability
C) self-monitoring hypothesis
D) ethnic standardization
Q2) What would you predict if you know that Marnie has a high IQ score
A) She will likely have a job in science.
B) She has an increased likelihood of having a high-status job.
C) She will not experience stereotype threat in testing situations.
D) She will perform well at her job.
Q3) Which of the following are considered to be organic origins of mental retardation
A) Fragile X syndrome and stereotypy
B) phenylketonuria and Fragile X syndrome
C) Down syndrome and socio-economic status
D) lower-quality schooling and hydrocephaly
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Page 22
Chapter 9: B: Intelligence and Psychological Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is NOT one of the four components of emotional intelligence
A) ability to accurately perceive emotions in themselves and others
B) ability to creatively think with their heart
C) ability to understand and analyze their emotions
D) ability to regulate emotions
Q2) Which type of twins show the strongest correlations between their IQ scores
A) identical twins reared together
B) fraternal twins reared apart
C) identical twins reared apart
D) fraternal twins reared together
Q3) Which of the following would be a correlation coefficient that represents a test with high test-retest reliability
A) -0.92
B) -0.05
C) +0.05
D) +0.92
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23
Chapter 9: C: Intelligence Psychological Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) "If Nicola feels like the experience was thrilling,then she will be more likely to accept another date with Emil." This sentence indicates that Nicola's ________ will be affected by her ________.
A) cognitive reaction to the situation; behaviour
B) behaviour; emotional response
C) physiological arousal; behaviour
D) cognitive reaction to the situation; physiological arousal
Q2) If Nicola feels as though the experience was thrilling,but is surprised to find herself crying involuntarily,then her emotional experience was dictated by her _________ and not her _________.
A) cognitive label; behaviour
B) behaviour; cognitive label
C) behaviour; physiological arousal
D) physiological arousal; behaviour
Q3) Based on Scott's IQ test score,we can assume ________________.
A) he answered 115 questions correctly on his test
B) he answered 15% more questions correct than the average test-taker
C) he has 115 "units" of intelligence
D) he scored in the top 15% in the normal distribution of intelligence
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Page 24
Chapter 10: A: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) What did Cannon and Washburn propose as the cause of hunger
A) lack of food
B) stomach contractions
C) changes in leptin levels
D) low blood sugar
Q2) What is the term for an external goal that has the capacity to motivate behaviour
A) drive
B) incentive
C) expectancy
D) homeostatic mechanism
Q3) If someone has just provided a series of reasons why his beliefs are true,what has he provided
A) arguments
B) attributions
C) pretences
D) premises
Q4) Using an example,describe how the James-Lange theory,the Cannon-Bard theory,and Schachter's two-factor theory would explain the experience of an emotion.
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25
Chapter 10: B: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Deiner & Deiner (1996),how happy are people globally across the world
A) extremely unhappy
B) fairly unhappy
C) fairly happy
D) extremely happy
Q2) According to evolutionary theories of emotion,what accounts for the diversity of non-primary emotions that people experience
A) physiological differences among individuals
B) the absence of specific primary emotions
C) individual differences in the perception of events
D) blends of and variations in intensity of primary emotions
Q3) Which tendency seems to characterize the key problem with restrained eaters
A) Their perceptions of their own bodies are very distorted and exaggerated.
B) They are likely to be hospitalized as a result of avoiding food.
C) They tend to think of food related behaviour as either good or bad, with nothing in between.
D) They don't perceive the incentive cues associated with food.
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Chapter 11: A: Human Development Across the Life Span
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gerard watched as a researcher placed five toy station wagons and three toy convertibles on a table.The researcher asked him if there were more station wagons or more cars,and Gerard correctly answered that there were more cars.What cognitive skill has Gerard mastered
A) object permanence
B) conservation of number
C) preaccommodation
D) hierarchical classification
Q2) In early adulthood,which psychosocial crisis is based on establishing close,personal relationships with others
A) integrity versus despair
B) identity versus confusion
C) intimacy versus isolation
D) generativity versus self-absorption
Q3) What are developmental changes
A) behavioural changes that take place as people mature
B) biological changes that are predetermined based on genotype
C) changes in social behaviour that indicate underlying cognitive abilities
D) biological and behavioural changes that occur across the life span
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Page 27
Chapter 11: B: Human Development Across the Life Span
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following,during gestation,has been linked to vulnerability to schizophrenia
A) exposure to folic acid
B) maternal stress
C) smoking
D) malnutrition
Q2) According to the concept of "internal working models," how does infant attachment influence later social behaviour
A) Secure attachment facilitates social bonds.
B) Infants learn how relationships work and apply that pattern to future interactions.
C) Attachment is genetically determined and pushes development in a particular direction.
D) Early negative treatment of infants makes them shy and withdrawn.
Q3) What is the estimated rate of depression for adolescents
A) 5 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 50 percent
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Chapter 11: C: Human Development Across the Lifespan
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Sample Questions
Q1) If Alaina awards a high score like the rest of the judges,(despite her internal conflict)this is a case of ________.
A) informational social influence
B) emotional social influence
C) cognitive social influence
D) normative social influence
Q2) Samira meets Tyler's romantic ideals.This means ____________.
A) Samira is more attractive than any other woman he has previously dated
B) he always pictured himself falling in love with a dark-haired woman with a big smile
C) Samira is a fan of Tyler's favourite band and they have the same favourite restaurant
D) his favourite supermodel is Lily Aldridge, and Samira looks a lot like her
Q3) Because Samira and Tyler met while completing their BA degrees in psychology,they were initially attracted to each other because they ______________.
A) fulfill the matching hypothesis
B) are similar to one another
C) reciprocate each other's attraction
D) meet each other's romantic ideals
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Chapter 12: A: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who initiated research on the influence of birth order on personality
A) Carl Jung
B) Sigmund Freud
C) John Watson
D) Alfred Adler
Q2) Which theorist advanced the concept that the unconscious has two layers,the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious
A) Alfred Adler
B) Carl Jung
C) Erik Erikson
D) Sigmund Freud
Q3) Dr.Linzle believes that it is necessary to understand each individual's personal,subjective experiences if you are to truly understand that individual's personality and behaviour.Which perspective best reflects Dr.Linzle's views
A) psychodynamic
B) humanistic
C) biological
D) behavioural
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Chapter 12: B: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Benjamin is friendly and outgoing and tells a lot of jokes.He feels very comfortable at parties or whenever he meets new people.According to B.F.Skinner,what mechanism is responsible for Benjamin's personality
A) He is sublimating his unconscious fears of rejection.
B) He has experienced reinforcement for friendly behaviour.
C) He has a strong superego.
D) He is overcompensating for his feelings of inferiority.
Q2) According to Sigmund Freud,which of the following is entirely unconscious
A) ego
B) id
C) self
D) superego
Q3) Min has enough food to eat and has a safe place to live.Her life is relatively stable and predictable.Now that she has those needs taken care of,which needs would become a priority for Min,according to Maslow
A) love and friendship
B) artistic endeavours
C) a fulfilling career
D) self-actualization
Page 31
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Chapter 13: A: Social Behaviour
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Q1) Akashi always seems to become involved in volatile love relationships.He constantly expects to be rejected by other people,and he is extremely jealous when he forms a relationship with someone.What would Hazan and Shaver suggest about Akashi's infancy
A) He developed an avoidant attachment with his parents.
B) He developed a secure attachment with his parents.
C) He failed to develop any type of attachment with his parents.
D) He developed an anxious-ambivalent attachment with his parents.
Q2) As you're shopping for a car,the car salesperson is attempting many different persuasion tactics.You've been expecting these tactics,likely based on your stereotypes of car salespeople.What is likely,due to your expectations
A) You will disconfirm your previous beliefs about cars.
B) You will show cognitive dissonance in response to the persuasive tactics.
C) You will be forewarned about the tactics, and less likely to be persuaded.
D) You will be much easier to persuade, due to forewarning.
Q3) What happened to subjects in Milgram's study of obedience
A) They were ordered to deliver painful electric shocks to a stranger.
B) They were ordered to give consistently wrong answers to simple questions.
C) They became the recipients of electric shocks delivered by an experimenter.
D) They indicated which of three lines matched a "standard line" in length.
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Chapter 13: B: Social Behaviour
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to inconsistencies between attitudes and behaviour
A) Often, attitudes are measured in general ways while the predicted behaviours are usually specific.
B) People tend to be deceptive in describing their attitudes and honest in describing their behaviour.
C) Situational constraints influence behaviour.
D) Many behaviours occur spontaneously and are not products of thoughtful deliberation.
Q2) Which term would you use for the clusters of ideas you associate with categories like "students," "professors," "waiters," or "politicians"
A) stereotypes
B) prejudice
C) person perception
D) social schemas
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Chapter 14: A: Stress, Coping, and Health
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Q1) Tatiana just finished entering her 10-page term paper into one of the computers in the university's computer lab.She clicks the "Save" command,and the computer unexpectedly freezes.When she reboots the computer,she discovers that all but the first two pages of her term paper have been lost.What is Tatiana most likely experiencing at this point in time
A) conflict
B) burnout
C) pressure
D) frustration
Q2) Steve has a headache and some muscle stiffness,but he shrugs these symptoms off as a minor inconvenience.Micah has a headache and some muscle stiffness and is so concerned that he rushes himself to the urgent care centre of the local medical clinic.How would Steve likely score,relative to Micah,on tests of anxiety and neuroticism
A) higher in anxiety and neuroticism
B) lower in anxiety and neuroticism
C) lower in anxiety and higher in neuroticism
D) higher in anxiety and lower in neuroticism
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Chapter 14: B: Stress, Coping, and Health
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Q1) According to Albert Ellis,what should people alter to change their response to stress
A) diet
B) supportive aspects of their environments
C) baseline levels of arousal
D) cognitive appraisal of stress
Q2) Which of the following can make relaxation efforts more effective
A) automatic response
B) mindfulness meditation
C) progressive meditation
D) learned optimism
Q3) Which statement does NOT reflect Hans Seyle's description of physiological responses to stress
A) Continuing exposure to a stress may result in the individual exhibiting increased susceptibility to diseases of adaptation.
B) Physiological responses to stress differ depending on the specific types of stressors.
C) If a stress is prolonged, the individual becomes accustomed to the threat.
D) Initially stress causes an activation of the fight-or-flight response.
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Chapter 14: C: Stress, Coping Health
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Q1) If Romy is experiencing symptoms of PTSD caused by having been sexually assaulted by a stranger when she was younger,she is more likely to experience ________ than
A) mistrust; fear of physical harm
B) betrayal; guilt
C) guilt; betrayal
D) fear of physical harm; guilt
Q2) Anton and Jude are identical twins.If both of them undergo an MRI of their brain,it is expected that ____________.
A) Anton will likely have a larger amount of brain tissue than Jude.
B) Anton will likely have a smaller amount of brain tissue than Jude.
C) They will have the same amount of brain tissue, but Jude's prefrontal cortex will be smaller and his ventricles will be larger.
D) They will have the same amount of brain tissue, but Anton's prefrontal cortex will be smaller and his ventricles will be larger.
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Chapter 15: A: Psychological Disorders
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Q1) Jack hears voices and believes that he has supernatural powers.Which type of schizophrenic symptoms are most prevalent in Jack's case
A) disorganized
B) positive
C) undifferentiated
D) negative
Q2) What is the term for an unwanted thought that repeatedly intrudes upon an individual's consciousness
A) hallucination
B) delusion
C) compulsion
D) obsession
Q3) Adena has just recovered from her first episode of major depression.What is the likelihood that Adena will experience a relapse within the next five years,based on the findings from longitudinal studies
A) less than 10 percent
B) just over 25 percent
C) between 40 and 45 percent
D) approximately 60 percent
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Chapter 15: B: Psychological Disorders
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Q1) Sumandeep has withdrawn from social contact with others.She spends most of her time alone in her bedroom.She has stopped going to her job and no longer talks to her family on the phone.Additionally,Sumandeep neglects her personal hygiene and rarely bathes,brushes her teeth,or changes clothes.Which symptom of schizophrenia does Sumandeep's behaviour illustrate
A) deterioration of adaptive behaviour
B) irrational thought
C) disturbed emotions
D) hallucinations
Q2) Thomas Szasz would be most critical of which commonly used criterion to diagnose psychological disorders
A) maladaptive behaviour
B) cognitive confusion
C) deviance
D) personal distress
Q3) Which disorder is characterized by anxiety only in certain specific situations
A) specific phobic disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) specified anxiety disorder
D) panic disorder
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Chapter 16: A: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Q1) Which type of therapy is most likely associated with a person who has a serious mental disorder
A) group therapy
B) couples therapy
C) psychopharmacotherapy
D) rational emotive therapy
Q2) A therapist attempts to treat a man for his sexual attraction to animals by pairing pictures of animals with painful electric shocks.What procedure is being used
A) aversion therapy
B) electroconvulsive therapy
C) extinction
D) systematic desensitization
Q3) What type of conditioning is the basis for systematic desensitization
A) instrumental
B) classical
C) operant
D) aversive
Q4) Compare and contrast the psychoanalytic and humanistic brands of insight therapy.
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Chapter 16: B: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Q1) Which therapy is NOT one of the three major categories of psychotherapy
A) behaviour therapies
B) emotion therapies
C) biomedical therapies
D) insight therapies
Q2) Which class of therapeutic drugs includes tricyclics,MAO inhibitors,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
A) antipsychotic drugs
B) antianxiety drugs
C) antidepressant drugs
D) mood stabilizers
Q3) Steve is becoming very aggravated with his therapist,and he has been missing appointments and reacting with sarcasm and hostility to his therapist's comments.What would Freud call this reaction
A) repression
B) incongruence
C) resistance
D) transference
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