Introduction to Psychology Review Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology provides an overview of the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. This course explores foundational topics such as perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, personality, psychological disorders, and social interactions. Students will also examine major psychological theories and approaches, research methods, and the application of psychological principles to everyday life. By the end of the course, students will gain insight into the complexities of the mind and behavior, as well as an appreciation for the role of psychology in understanding individual and societal issues.
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Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood 5th Edition by Jeffrey J. Arnett
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) would Eva (a young emerging adult from Argentina) differ in her criteria for adulthood from either Adrian (a young American), Mara (an Israeli girl), or Twan (a young South Korean boy)? Unlike the others, Eva knows
A) accepting responsibility is key to adulthood.
B) that being able to support a family financially is important.
C) completing military service is an important sign of adulthood.
D) when she becomes an adult she will support her parents financially.
Answer: B
Q2) Phoenix would be
A) choosing a random sample.
B) circumventing the proper protocol.
C) stratifying the sample.
D) doing a qualitative research study.
Answer: A
Q3) According to Anna Freud, Jason has
A) become a productive member of society.
B) built up excessive defenses against his own drives and desires.
C) accumulated past experiences and uses them to calm himself.
D) overcome the stereotype of storm and stress in his life.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Biological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which genotype-environment interaction is MOST pronounced during early childhood?
A) Active
B) Passive
C) Evocative
D) Stable
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following illustrate the changing Western attitudes toward menstruation in the early part of the twentieth century? Menstruation became
A) less associated with adolescent storm and stress.
B) more associated with health and hygiene than with sexuality.
C) a focus for national debate.
D) a topic that was more and more taboo to discuss.
Answer: B
Q3) text likens the physical changes the body goes through at puberty to a A) biological revolution.
B) hormonal storm.
C) sociology course.
D) psychological revolution.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Cognitive Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) do information processing and the componential approach have in common?
A) They are both components of crystallized intelligence.
B) They were both developed by Robert Sternberg.
C) They both break down the thinking process into separate parts.
D) They have nothing in common.
Answer: C
Q2) Helen decides to try the drug, it may be due in part to
A) the fact that Helen understands the medicinal merits.
B) her metacognitive development.
C) the desire to be accepted by peers.
D) her being at a rave instead of a party.
Answer: C
Q3) the 19th century, some prominent scientists concluded that women were intellectually inferior because they had A) not benefited from higher education.
B) smaller brains.
C) less teeth.
D) fewer synaptic connections.
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cultural Beliefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) After following his participants for 20 years, Kohlberg found
A) the majority remained in transition.
B) most skipped a stage along the way.
C) all had proceeded to Stage 5.
D) none had reached Stage 6.
Q2) role is NOT a legitimate cultural role?
A) Cognitive
B) Age-related
C) Social status
D) Gender
Q3) After reading Chapter 4, you would conclude
A) we know for certain that Desi lives in Canada.
B) Desi is very young and doesn't know how to act.
C) Desi is a very unique individual who is unlike most people.
D) these two drives can co-exist in Desi.
Q4) Emerging adults' political participation is generally higher now than during previous generations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe each and provide illustrative examples not outlined in your text.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) and Lynch (1991) argue that the increase in the intensity of gender socialization at adolescence is
A) the same for boys and girls.
B) greater for boys than for girls.
C) greater for girls than for boys.
D) dependent upon socio-economic status.
Q2) Increased emphasis on gender roles in adolescence is characteristic of A) traditional cultures only.
B) cultures affected by globalization.
C) Western cultures more so than traditional cultures.
D) both traditional and Western cultures.
Q3) According to researchers, over a two-year study period, how did girls in grades 6, 7 and 8 change their self-descriptions?
A) They described themselves as more feminine.
B) They became more aggressive.
C) There were only reported changes for younger girls.
D) No changes were found.
Q4) teen magazines for girls, articles about career are usually about how to look.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conformity is likely to be thought of more unfavorably in
A) an individualistic culture.
B) a collectivistic culture.
C) adolescence.
D) emerging adulthood.
Q2) Which of the following is associated with adolescent cognitive development?
A) Inability to see others' perspectives
B) Self-reflection
C) Concrete thought
D) None of these answers are correct
Q3) Which of the following researchers developed the "Identity Status Interview"?
A) Erik Erikson
B) James Marcia
C) Reed Larson
D) Jean Phinney
Q4) refers to girls'
A) sensitivity to the subtleties of relationships and emotions.
B) understanding of logical and mathematical problems.
C) tendency to speak more than boys.
D) awareness of extra-sensory perceptions.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Family Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared to Western societies, sibling relationships in traditional cultures tend to be more
A) rival.
B) caregiver.
C) casual.
D) critical.
Q2) regard to attachment theory, which statement does NOT belong?
A) The theory was originally developed by John Bowlby.
B) It has been tested with both primates and humans.
C) It has an evolutionary basis for the safety of children.
D) It describes the emotional relationships between siblings of similar age.
Q3) Where does Brendan most likely live?
A) Boston
B) Toronto
C) Berlin
D) London
Q4) the United States as well as in other Western countries, the majority of emerging adults remain in their parents' home until marriage.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Friends and Peers
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Sample Questions
Q1) traditional cultures, the adolescent peer crowd is __________ than in Western cultures.
A) more age-graded
B) more affluent
C) less age-graded
D) less affluent
Q2) one social intervention, adolescents are taught a six-step sequence for
A) anger management.
B) assertiveness training.
C) participant observation.
D) emotional suppression.
Q3) Which of the following factors is related to popularity across the life span?
A) Physical attractiveness
B) Intelligence
C) Social skills
D) All of the these answers are correct
Q4) all adolescents participate in youth culture.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Provide an example of each from your own adolescent school experience.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Love and Sexuality
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Q1) Which statement best characterizes the research conducted on adolescent masturbation?
A) Ninety percent of boys have masturbated before the age of 13.
B) Girls' reports of masturbation may be influenced by social desirability.
C) Social desirability has impacted on boys' reported frequency of masturbation.
D) None of these answers are correct.
Q2) According to the text, adolescents who feel guilty about engaging in sexual activity are likely to
A) talk to their parents about their issues.
B) use contraception.
C) not engage in sexual activities.
D) not use contraception.
Q3) Based on research, what is the likely content of their scripts?
A) Thorn, as a young man, will fantasize about sex with strangers.
B) Chantel, as a young woman, will not fantasize about partners she is in love with.
C) Torn and Chantel's fantasies will not differ at this age.
D) Both Thorn and Chantel do not have any real fantasies.
Q4) Compare and contrast the sexual attitudes of the Netherlands and the United States.
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Chapter 10: School
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Sample Questions
Q1) "back to basics" movement advocated that adolescents should spend less time in the traditional classrooms and more time learning skills in the workplace.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Discuss how these characteristics might present problems in terms of schooling.
Q3) According to the text, what is it that essentially determines the occupational fate of Japanese young people?
A) A major research paper at the end of their schooling
B) A senior project
C) An oral report
D) Two high school entrance exams
Q4) Discuss the positive and negative effects of school size.
Q5) Which statement concerning gifted students is most accurate?
A) Many schools have advanced placement classes for gifted students.
B) High schools do not recognize art or music "giftedness."
C) Some high school programs consider students as gifted with an IQ of 100.
D) All of these answers are correct.
Q6) Explain and discuss the factors relating to college dropout.
Q7) caveats should be kept in mind when considering the evidence?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the effects of globalization on traditional cultures.
Q2) According to Super's theory of occupational goals, what stage would Shelby be?
A) Crystallization
B) Consolidation
C) Implementation
D) Specification
Q3) common feature of apprenticeship programs is training which takes place in a classroom setting under simulated working conditions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) terms of research conducted on adolescent employment, if Rudyard is typical of most adolescents in Western Europe, we can conclude that A) adolescent employment is non-existent in Rudyard's country.
B) Rudyard's work is in an apprenticeship program connected to his schooling. C) in Rudyard's country, most adolescents attend school and work part-time.
D) none of these answers are correct.
Q5) examples of the deviance to illustrate your point.
Q6) Discuss the distinct characteristics that contribute to the likelihood that adolescents will engage in community service.
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Chapter 12: Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) national survey in the United States found how many adolescents have created their own blog?
A) Less than 10%
B) About 30%
C) Approximately 50%
D) About 75%
Q2) Discuss implications in terms of interpreting existing correlational research on media use and adolescent behavior.
Q3) Department of Health and Human Services statistics, what percentage of smokers begin smoking by age 18?
A) 25
B) 50
C) 70
D) 90
Q4) best reflects the
A) uses and gratification approach.
B) negative effects of media.
C) impact of technology on adolescents.
D) displacement effect.
Q5) Provide two related examples from research discussed in Chapter 12.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Problems and Resilience
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Sample Questions
Q1) Surveys indicate that approximately ______ of all adolescents commit at least one criminal offense before age 20.
A) 5%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
Q2) Because anorexia is eventually life threatening, the first step in recommended treatment is usually
A) hospital-based.
B) school-based.
C) family-centered.
D) group-oriented.
Q3) cases of eating disorders have their onset during A) early childhood.
B) middle adulthood.
C) adolescence and emerging adulthood.
D) no pattern has been evidenced.
Q4) Define and briefly explain the goals and processes of cognitive-behavior therapy for treating depression in adolescents.
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