Introduction to Psychology Pre-Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course explores major psychological concepts, theories, and research findings in areas such as perception, learning, memory, development, emotion, personality, and psychological disorders. Students will examine the biological bases of behavior, the influence of social and cultural factors, and the applications of psychology in real-world settings. Through lectures, discussions, and hands-on activities, this course encourages critical thinking about human thought and behavior, equipping students with foundational knowledge for further studies in psychology and related fields.
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Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood 5th Edition by Jeffrey J. Arnett
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Q1) idea reflects the
A) individual approach.
B) Western approach.
C) cultural approach.
D) ethnocentric approach.
Answer: C
Q2) Erikson felt that emerging adulthood is characterized by the age of identity explorations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) idea that young people around the world are increasingly experiencing similar environments is most closely associated with which of the following concepts?
A) Individualism
B) Recapitulation
C) Globalization
D) Contextualization
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Biological Foundations
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Q1) Early-maturing girls and late-maturing boys may be at greater risk for adjustment problems than other groups because they
A) experience more parental pressure because of their physical attributes.
B) are more likely to have skin problems like acne.
C) are the most "off-time" from their peers in terms of physical development.
D) tend to spend more time with their friends.
Answer: C
Q2) two classes of sex hormones are
A) estrogens and estradiols.
B) androgens and testosterones.
C) gonadotropins and androgens.
D) estrogens and androgens.
Answer: D
Q3) Female is to estradiol as male is to A) testosterone.
B) androgen.
C) estrogen.
D) glycoprotein.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Cognitive Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) would be arguing that information processing
A) compartmentalizes intelligence testing.
B) fails to consider the importance of attention.
C) loses sight of the interconnectedness of thought.
D) does not develop a strong metaphor for cognition.
Answer: C
Q2) models of information processing have moved away from what analogy?
A) Innate learning like mammals
B) The mind as a computer
C) Social networks as spider webs
D) Never forgetting how to ride a bike
Answer: B
Q3) There are two types of short-term memory: one type is involved in the input and storage of new information, the other type of short-term memory is known as A) selective memory.
B) retrieval memory.
C) working memory.
D) divided memory.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cultural Beliefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which country would be considered non-Western?
A) Iran
B) New Zealand
C) Canada
D) Norway
Q2) Knowing this we can conclude
A) Rani is married.
B) Rani has reached menarche.
C) Rani is a preadolescent child.
D) nothing about Rani.
Q3) Whose conclusions would your paper most closely parallel?
A) Piaget
B) Gilligan
C) Rest
D) Walker
Q4) three outcomes central to the process of socialization are
A) preconventional, conventional, and post-conventional reasoning.
B) custom complex, ontogenetics, and cultural beliefs.
C) self-regulation, role preparation, and sources of meaning.
D) interdependent self, independent self, and group identity.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Differential gender socialization becomes more pronounced during A) adulthood.
B) adolescence.
C) middle childhood.
D) early childhood.
Q2) Which of the following is most true of adolescent relationships in traditional cultures?
Boys and girls
A) live very different lives and spend little time together.
B) spend a great deal of time working together.
C) spend most of their time with friends and at school.
D) spend very little time with their immediate family.
Q3) Discuss media influences in terms of gender socialization in adolescence.
Q4) Which of the following best defines "schema"?
A) The name for a type of individual that is self-motivated.
B) The statistical technique that integrates many research studies.
C) A means of coordinating one's physical surroundings.
D) A mental structure for organizing information.
Q5) Define differential gender socialization. Provide an example.
Q6) Discuss possible effects of globalization upon gender role perceptions in traditional cultures.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Self
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Q1) According to Erikson, each life period is characterized by a specific A) developmental issue.
B) physical experience.
C) socio-cognitive task.
D) ethical dilemma.
Q2) Erikson (1958) used the life history of Martin Luther to illustrate
A) the identity crisis in adolescence and emerging adulthood.
B) the impact of religious beliefs on self-esteem.
C) career choices during adolescence and emerging adulthood.
D) intimacy versus isolation.
Q3) "Prolonged adolescence" is most likely to occur in industrialized societies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Dominick is likely to have a
A) greater than average chance of psychological difficulties.
B) lower than average chance of experiencing adjustment problems.
C) greater than average chance of school success.
D) lower than average chance of relationship difficulties.
Q5) Include reference to gender differences.
Q6) and describe influences upon self-esteem in adolescence.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Family Relationships
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Q1) never lets me wear makeup." "How does she think I can go to school in the clothes she bought me?" "How come Jan can stay out later?" "She is always complaining about my music, my room, and my friends." How would one classify Marcia's relationship with her mother?
A) Marcia's relationship with her mother is better than with her father.
B) This seems to be typical of many adolescents' relationships with their parents.
C) Marcia's relationship is unhealthy and both should consider counseling.
D) Marcia's mother is creating a dependent child, who will have problems in the future.
Q2) implication that follows from increased rates of divorce in the United States is
A) fathers are often the primary caregiver.
B) children will find work to support the family.
C) mothers are more likely to work.
D) all of these answers are correct.
Q3) Niles is entering adulthood, he is most likely
A) feeling separation anxiety as he contemplates leaving home.
B) developing a healthy sense of autonomy from his parents.
C) understanding how authoritarian his parents have been in raising him.
D) feeling he has an insecure base from which to explore.
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Chapter 8: Friends and Peers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following situations best reflects the meaning of prefigurative culture?
A) Grandma teaches young Jane to plant a garden.
B) Young Jane and her mother take a creative writing class together.
C) Young Jane teaches her mother how to use the Internet.
D) Young Jane asks her classmate how to use a graphics program.
Q2) Adolescents tend to choose friends who are peers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) don't need a scholarship to tell you that!" Mike is offering Ryan _________________ support.
A) informational
B) instrumental
C) companionship
D) esteem
Q4) Define relational aggression and provide a rationale for evidence that girls exhibit more relational aggression than boys.
Q5) adolescence, high intelligence is related to popularity.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 9: Love and Sexuality
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Q1) According to social scientists, Jared and Breanne are most likely seeking
A) proactive scripting.
B) fatuous love.
C) consensual validation.
D) an arranged marriage.
Q2) country has the highest percentage of young adults who cohabitate before marriage?
A) Sweden
B) Britain
C) United States
D) France
Q3) According to recent research completed cross-culturally on sexual activity, which country has the lowest rate of adolescents engaging in premarital sex?
A) Kenya
B) Spain
C) South Korea
D) Brazil
Q4) scholars suggest a link between cognitive development and contraception use.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
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Chapter 10: School
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately 10% of adolescents in American schools have been diagnosed with a learning disability.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Several studies have found that in terms of adolescents' school attendance, parents have a greater influence than friends.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the text, Britt could be best described as a member of the _________________ subculture.
A) academic
B) rebel
C) vocational
D) collegiate
Q4) Explain and discuss the factors relating to college dropout.
Q5) Discuss the positive and negative effects of school size.
Q6) adolescents who have ADHD also have an additional learning disability.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Work
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Q1) According to sociologist William Julius Wilson (1996), what conclusion can we draw about the current system of local funding of schools? The current system
A) is centralized and equal between inner-city and suburban schools.
B) concentrates the most effective school programs in the inner-city areas.
C) perpetuates inequality because poor areas have a smaller tax base.
D) creates an inequality in favor of inner-city schools.
Q2) what age is Marilina likely to have the responsibility of taking care of her younger siblings?
A) 12 or 13 years old
B) 6 or 7 years old
C) 17 or 18 years old
D) 10 or 11 years old
Q3) asked about the benefits of working, you would likely agree that _______________________ is one positive factor.
A) access to a mentor
B) connections to school
C) thinking about work during boring classes
D) gaining a sense of responsibility
Q4) Discuss the effects of globalization on traditional cultures.
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Chapter 12: Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) use of the English terms teen and teenager in Nepal refers to a(n) ________ category rather than an age category.
A) economic
B) gender
C) social
D) psychological
Q2) Research indicates that blogs can be an arena for preconventional reasoning.
A)True
B)False
Q3) major criticism of cigarette advertising is that it is
A) too sexy.
B) targeted toward the middle class.
C) targeted toward adolescents.
D) all of these answers are correct.
Q4) and his friends represent about 69% of adolescents in what country?
A) United States
B) Norway
C) Finland
D) Canada
Q5) Provide two related examples from research discussed in Chapter 12.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Problems and Resilience
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Sample Questions
Q1) cases of eating disorders have their onset during
A) early childhood.
B) middle adulthood.
C) adolescence and emerging adulthood.
D) no pattern has been evidenced.
Q2) Temperament from birth is a key factor in the theory of
A) Gerald Patterson and colleagues.
B) Richard Jessor.
C) Joy Dryfoos and associates.
D) McCord and McCord.
Q3) situation suggests
A) a neurological diathesis for depression.
B) authoritative parenting patterns.
C) a lack of parental monitoring.
D) neurosis triggered by puberty.
Q4) Based on research, it could be predicted that Joaquin has a(n)
A) increased likelihood of engaging in delinquent acts.
B) decreased likelihood of engaging in delinquent acts.
C) increased likelihood of becoming depressed.
D) decreased likelihood of becoming depressed.
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