Introduction to Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. This course explores foundational topics including biological bases of behavior, perception, learning, memory, development, motivation, emotion, personality, psychological disorders, and social behavior. Students will engage with current research methods, classic and contemporary theories, and practical applications in various fields, gaining insight into how psychological principles can be used to understand individual and group behavior. This course serves as a gateway for further study in psychology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
Introducing Psychology Brain Person Group 4th Edition by Stephen M. Kosslyn
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14 Chapters
2570 Verified Questions
2570 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology:
History and Research Methods
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197 Verified Questions
197 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ psychology, according to the authors, is a relative newcomer of psychology, making its appearance in the late 1980s.
A) Cognitive
B) Functionalistic
C) Humanistic
D) Evolutionary
Answer: D
Q2) Evolutionary theories are very difficult to test, primarily because ________.
A) it is very difficult to contrast human and animal behavior
B) we don't exactly know what our ancestors were like and how they evolved
C) they completely discount the importance of environmental factors
D) there are conflicting views as to the role evolution plays in contemporary life
Answer: B
Q3) A case study examines in detail ________.
A) a single participant
B) multiple instances of a situation
C) a set of questions put to participants
D) the relationship between two variables
Answer: A
Page 3
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Chapter 2: The Biology of Mind and Behavior: The Brain in Action
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187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sensory-somatic nervous system is one branch of the ________ nervous system.
A) sympathetic
B) parasympathetic
C) peripheral
D) central
Answer: C
Q2) If Sam is blind, then he likely has damage to which lobe? Where would that lobe be located?
Answer: The occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing, and it is located in the back of the brain under the parietal lobe.
Q3) Which of the following is associated with the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system?
A) reduced heart rate
B) contraction of pupils
C) decreased sweat
D) decreased salivation
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception: How the World Enters the Mind
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bundles of axons from ganglion cells make up the ______.
A) fovea
B) optic nerve
C) optic schism
D) rods and cones
Answer: B
Q2) The idea that the eye contains separate receptors for red, green, and blue is known as the ______ theory.
A) opponent-process
B) additive color mixing
C) trichromatic
D) reductive color mixing
Answer: C
Q3) There are seven primary tastes: hot, sour, spicy, sweet, brothy, acid, and bitter.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The best theory of odor detection is referred to as what type of metaphor?
Answer: lock-and-key
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Learning: How Experience Changes US
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Positive reinforcement is to negative reinforcement as ________.
A) good is to bad
B) increase is to decrease
C) reward is to punish
D) present is to remove
Q2) ________ is an example of a primary reinforcer, whereas ________ is an example of a secondary reinforcer.
A) A cupcake; a certificate of achievement given to a student
B) A kiss; money
C) Water; food
D) A gold star; cupcake
Q3) A child is wetting his or her bed. According to our textbook, punishing the child would be the best way to permanently stop this behavior. You would recommend that the child be given no food on the day after a bedwetting incident. This is because negative punishment is guaranteed to stop bad behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss Köhler's two studies with Sultan, the chimpanzee, that illustrate insight learning.
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Chapter 5: Memory: Living With Yesterday
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Portions of the frontal lobes are activated when people encode new information.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If you have used a variety of operations when processing information, you have utilized ________.
A) a dual code
B) transfer appropriate processing
C) elaborative encoding
D) depth of processing
Q3) Retrograde amnesia is to anterograde amnesia as ________.
A) mild is to severe
B) severe is to mild
C) remembering old is to learning new
D) remembering new is to learning old
Q4) Repeating items over and over in order to aid memory is known as ______.
A) rehearsal
B) imagery
C) elaborative
D) recoding
Q5) In general, what happens in the brain to produce amnesia?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Language, Thinking, and Intelligence: What
Humans Do Best
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196 Verified Questions
196 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does it mean to say that someone is or is not intelligent?
Q2) The term ________ refers to the most intermediate level of specificity that is likely to be applied to an object.
A) concept
B) typicality
C) prototype
D) basic level
Q3) The English language makes use of (about) ________ phonemes.
A) 45
B) 100
C) 1,000
D) an infinite number of
Q4) ________ is credited with developing the idea of an intelligence quotient.
A) William Stern
B) David Wechsler
C) Alfred Binet
D) Lewis Terman
Q5) Fluid and crystallized intelligence develop at about the same rate in childhood.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Emotion and Motivation: Feeling and Striving
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196 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The simplest raw feelings that a person experiences in an emotion-evoking situation are referred to as ____________.
A) hedonic valence
B) core affect
C) hedonic tone
D) misattribution of arousal
Q2) Britt thinks that eating snails is disgusting. He thinks they look slimy. His disgust is known as a(n) ________.
Q3) The frequent finding that asthmatics often experience shortness of breath concurrently with tremendous anxiety is an example of how emotions and physiological symptoms often occur simultaneously. As such, it supports which of the following theories of emotion?
A) Plutchik's
B) James-Lange
C) Cannon-Bard theory
D) Schachter and Singer's
Q4) Masters and Johnson were the first to study actual sexual behavior.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Personality: Vive La Différence
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212 Verified Questions
212 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the metaphor the angel, the devil, and me, the angel is the ____________.
A) id
B) ego
C) superego
D) unconscious
Q2) "What did you have for lunch an hour ago?" Before I asked you that question, the information was in your _______________.
A) conscious level
B) unconscious level
C) postconscious level
D) preconscious level
Q3) In Carl Rogers's theory, our perception of our abilities, behaviors, and characteristics is known as ________.
A) personality
B) self-regard
C) self-esteem
D) self-concept
Q4) How does temperament differ from personality?
Q5) List and describe the three personality structures identified in Freud's theory.
Q6) The four dimensions of temperament suggested by Buss and Plomin are
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Chapter 9: Psychology Over the Life Span: Growing Up,
Growing Older, Growing Wiser
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184 Verified Questions
184 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which reflex is elicited by stroking the infant's cheek lightly causing the infant to turn his or her head and start trying to suck?
A) withdrawal
B) rooting
C) moro
D) Babinski
Q2) ________ is the process that produces genetically programmed changes with age.
A) Genomic imprinting
B) Maturation
C) Basic aging
D) Puberty
Q3) Which of the following statements about the ovum is true?
A) It is the largest cell in the female human body.
B) It is a passive recipient of the sperm.
C) It does not produce other reactions that prevent additional sperm from penetrating it.
D) It is about 1/100 the size of the head of a pin.
Q4) Summarize the essence of socioemotional selectivity theory.
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Q5) Briefly state the three key problems that are particularly common among teenagers.
Chapter 10: Stress, Health, and Coping: Dealing With Life
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201 Verified Questions
201 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Our sleep-wake cycle follows a(n) ______ rhythm.
A) infradian
B) diurnal
C) circadian
D) ultradian
Q2) After we have decided that a certain event is a stressor, we must decide how we will deal with it and what resources are available for coping with the stressor. This process is called________.
A) primary appraisal
B) secondary appraisal
C) tertiary appraisal
D) distress-eustress dichotomy
Q3) Positive events cannot function as stressors.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to Freud, dreams allow us to fulfill unconscious desires.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the relationship between self-esteem and aggression?
Q6) What is the impact of stress on the immune system?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Psychological Disorders: More Than Everyday Problems
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187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is a type of eating disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by some attempt to prevent weight gain.
A) Bulimia nervosa
B) Anorexia nervosa
C) Nervosa totalis
D) Purging
Q2) Research supports the idea of the negative triad in the thoughts of depressed people.
A)True
B)False
Q3) At the level of the brain, which structures have been linked to PTSD?
A) medulla oblongata
B) limbic system
C) amygdala
D) hypothalamus
Q4) DSM stands for ________.
A) Diagrammatic and Statistical Manual
B) Deviance and Sadism Manual
C) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
D) Developmental Sickness Model
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Chapter 12: Treatment: Healing Actions, Healing Words
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Sample Questions
Q1) REBT has been utilized with a number of psychological issues. For which of the following has REBT been shown to be helpful?
A) unassertiveness
B) depression
C) sexual disorders
D) schizophrenia
Q2) Which technique removes a reinforcer to reduce the frequency of a behavior?
A) extinction
B) punishment
C) negative reinforcement
D) systematic desensitization
Q3) Behavior modification is based on ________ principles.
A) operant conditioning
B) classical conditioning
C) observational learning
D) social comparison
Q4) What is the difference between REBT and Beck's view of cognitive therapy?
Q5) When trying to change a behavior, the behavior therapist is interested in the ABCs of the behavior. What are the ABCs?
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology: Meeting of the Minds
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209 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What term do psychologists use for the phenomenon that occurs when people are less likely to aid a person in trouble if there are other people around who are also potential helpers?
A) bystander effect
B) sole-witness effect
C) subtle aggressive effect
D) antisocial behavior effect
Q2) Research supports the idea that we tend to be most attracted to people who are our opposites instead of people to whom we are very similar.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which factor significantly decreased the likelihood of conformity in Solomon Asch's studies?
A) The task difficulty was increased.
B) The confederates were all adults.
C) One confederate gave a correct response.
D) The participants were given two chances at responding.
Q4) State and briefly define three common attributional biases.
Q5) Briefly state the relationship between task difficulty and conformity.
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Chapter 14: Statistics Part B : How to Think About Research Studies
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The correlation coefficient is a ________________.
A) measure of variability
B) measure of central tendency
C) parameter
D) measure of a relationship between two or more variables
Q2) In writing an Introduction section for a study, you should aim to be ________.
A) as inclusive as possible
B) as minimal as possible
C) concisely providing background that puts your study in context
D) overly critical of all studies discussed
Q3) Bob is reading a research report and is attempting to understand several possible answers to the main research question provided by the investigators. As such, he appears to be focusing on the ________ part of the QALMRI method.
A) question
B) alternatives
C) logic
D) method
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