Introduction to Psychology Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology offers an overview of the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. This course explores fundamental concepts including learning, memory, perception, development, personality, psychological disorders, and social behavior. Students will examine influential theories, research methods, and ethical considerations in psychology while gaining insights into how biological, psychological, and social factors interact to shape human thought and action. By the end of the course, students will have a foundational understanding of key principles in psychology and their relevance to everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
The Development of Children and Adolescents 1st Edition by Penny Hauser Cram
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16 Chapters
1577 Verified Questions
1577 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Hauser-Cram
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amy observes a group of 5-year-olds for 3 weeks,documenting changes weekly.What kind of study is she conducting?
A) correlational study
B) experimental study
C) descriptive study
D) microgenetic study
Answer: D
Q2) David spent a period of time in Australia observing the daily routines of the indigenous people.What type of study is he conducting?
A) ethnographic study
B) case study
C) learning study
D) observational study
Answer: A
Q3) A quasi-experiment can determine the effect of the dependent variable on the independent variable.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological Foundations of Child Development
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A big difference in the traits of siblings is due to:
A) shared environments.
B) nonshared environments.
C) twinning.
D) sex-linked heritage.
Answer: B
Q2) Who has the most complicated set of protein-coding genes?
A) dogs
B) people
C) worms
D) bees
Answer: B
Q3) Why is the brain stem referred to as the "primitive brain"?
Answer: The brain stem is also known as the medulla and regulates survival functions,such as breathing,heart rate,and internal functions outside of conscious awareness.Injuries to this area are usually fatal.
Q4) Chromosomal abnormalities are caused by too many chromosomes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The embryoblast becomes the placenta.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) ____________ accounts for almost 25% of female infertility.
A) High insulin levels
B) Polycystic ovary syndrome
C) Blocked Fallopian tubes
D) Hormonal and ovulation disorders
Answer: D
Q3) Explain why a teen pregnancy is thought to be high risk.
Answer: The pregnant adolescent is considered to be at high risk because her pelvic bones are not fully mature,she tends to have poor eating habits,her hormone cycles are irregular,and alcohol and drug use is always a possibility.Most pregnant teens also delay receiving prenatal care.
Q4) The definition of infertility depends on the man's age.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alex and Sarah want to ensure a plan is in place before Sarah gives birth,in order to inform health care professionals of their wishes and to ensure a safe delivery for Sarah.How can they make sure that the health care professionals get this information in the most efficient manner possible?
A) Provide them with a written birth plan.
B) Meet one on one with each doctor and nurse prior to the delivery.
C) Arrive an hour early to the delivery.
D) Tell the doctor during the delivery what Sarah wants.
Q2) Childbirth education benefits everyone the same way.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Assisted vaginal delivery is risk-free.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There is a strong correlation between high Cesarean section rates and an increase in fetal mortality rates.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Identify the risks involved in assisted vaginal delivery.
Q6) What are four conditions associated with premature birth?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Physical Development and Health in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Trisomy 21 is also known as
A) Turner's syndrome.
B) Down syndrome.
C) Rubella.
D) PKU.
Q2) All babies are expected to hit their motor milestones at the same time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Fifty years of research on early intervention programs show that they help children make developmental gains,improve family functioning,and even benefit society itself.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ______________ is the process by which unused synaptic connections are eliminated so that neural processing is streamlined.
A) Neural reduction
B) Pruning
C) Redistribution
D) Neural elimination
Page 7
Q5) Discuss the benefits of feeding a baby breastmilk versus formula.t
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you have trouble being able to understand what is being said to you and there is nothing wrong with your hearing,what area of the brain may be implicated?
A) Broca's area
B) Wernicke's area
C) right hemisphere
D) parietal lobe
Q2) Infant tests are useful in predicting school success.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Parents tend to use ______________when talking to their baby.
A) normal speech
B) infant-directed speech
C) baby talk
D) nonsense words
Q4) The best time for a child to learn language is in the first three years of life.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the questions that should be asked when deciding if a media-reported research study is accurate.
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Chapter 7: Psychosocial Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the dimensions of temperament describes how expressive a child is?
A) activity
B) sensory threshold
C) adaptability
D) intensity
Q2) In order to become socially competent,a child needs to learn these skills:
A) decoding facial expressions; social referencing.
B) mutual gaze, trust.
C) emotional communication, social interaction.
D) stranger anxiety, decoding faces.
Q3) Psychosocial theory says that the successful resolution of autonomy versus shame has a great deal to do with the experience of potty training.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Freud believed that the __________ was the prototype for all love relationships in life.
A) Mother-child relationship
B) Father-child relationship
C) act of breastfeeding
D) grandparent relationship
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Chapter 8: Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sequence of writing and drawing skills proceeds in this order:
A) copying, prewriting, , symbols
B) early figures, scribbles, symbols
C) prewriting, scribbles, figures
D) scribbles, copying, symbols
Q2) Children will never outgrow allergies to
A) milk and eggs.
B) peanuts and tree nuts.
C) fish and shell fish.
D) soy and wheat.
Q3) The children most likely to have behavior and learning problems are those exposed to __________ in childhood.
A) tolerable stress
B) positive stress
C) toxic stress
D) pleasurable stress
Q4) Obesity is a form of malnutrition:
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which stage of Piaget's theory is an understanding of object permanence obtained?
A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete
D) Formal Operational
Q2) Emergent writing includes A) scribbles.
B) letters.
C) sentences.
D) all of these.
Q3) Piaget's famous ______________ problem demonstrates the
A) three mountain; classification.
B) class inclusion; classification.
C) three mountain; dual representation.
D) class inclusion; dual representation.
Q4) Egotistical refers to the belief that others experience the world the same way you do.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) When 3-year-old Laurie describes herself,she might say:
A) I am funny.
B) I am good.
C) I have a kitty.
D) I am shy.
Q2) A gender stereotype is defined as
A) knowing that sex remains the same regardless of clothing or actions.
B) knowing that gender does not change with age.
C) being able to identify self as male or female.
D) the rigid determination of appropriate dress and action based on sex.
Q3) Three-year-old Susie only knows if she is mad or sad.She does not recognize other emotions.This is
A) cause for alarm and she should be evaluated.
B) developmental delay.
C) culturally based.
D) perfectly normal for her age.
Q4) Self-representation is dependent on brain maturation:
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children should be allowed to play when injured in sports,and should be taught to work through the pain.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The younger the child when diagnosed and treated for diseases such as diabetes and acute lymphoblastic leukemia,the _______________ .
A) better off they are
B) more long-lasting the effects
C) fewer problems they have in school.
D) more treatment they get
Q3) In middle childhood,cognitive processing,memory,and retrieval ________.
A) plateau
B) improve
C) decrease briefly
D) decrease until adolescence
Q4) The leading cause of death in children ages 6-12 is ____________.
A) drowning
B) unintentional injuries
C) fire
D) suffocation
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Vygotsky believed that education preceded cognitive development and that instruction must occur within the zone of proximal development.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _____ metacognition is knowing when and why to apply certain strategies.
A) Declarative
B) Procedural
C) Conditional
D) Unconditional
Q3) According to Gardner,of the eight types of intelligence he has identified,which are the most highly valued in today's education systems?
A) Linguistic and Logical-mathematical
B) Musical and Spatial
C) Interpersonal and Naturalistic
D) Intrapersonal and Bodily-kinesthetic
Q4) Identify three memory strategies and how children use them when processing information.
Q5) How does working memory improve during middle childhood?
Q6) Explain the limitations of Vygotsky's theory,according to critics.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pam is spreading gossip at school aimed at hurting and humiliating Sarah.This is an example of ________________ aggression.
A) hostile
B) instrumental
C) relational
D) nonverbal
Q2) When a child is mentally able to "walk in another's shoes," Selman says they are in stage ___________ of social perspective taking.
A) 0 Egocentric viewpoint
B) 1 Social-informational
C) 2 Self -reflective
D) 3 Mutual perspective taking
Q3) Eight-year-old Jimmy would prefer to play___________.
A) Barbie's with Mary
B) Barbie's with Sam
C) Baseball with John and the guys
D) dress up with his sister
Q4) Discuss the roles parents play in a child's life according to the tripartite model.
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Chapter 14: Physical Development and Health in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) On average,young people have sexual intercourse for the first time at about age_____.
A) 13
B) 15
C) 17
D) 19
Q2) About half of a teenager's daily calories should come from fruits and vegetables.
A)True
B)False
Q3) PMS is a psychological construct,and symptoms only occur in girls who think they will get it.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Stressed teens who don't sleep well or eat well can ______________.
A) rebound well
B) get sick, gain weight, and become anxious and aggressive
C) act out violently
D) not count on their parents for help
Page 16
Q5) Explain who has the highest rates of STDs and why that is true.
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suppose you are shown four cards and told that each card has a letter on one side and a number on the other.You can see only one side of each card.Card one has an E on it; card two has a K on it,card three has a 4 on it,and card four has a 7 on it.You must determine whether the following hypothesis is true or false: If there is a vowel on one side,then there is an even number on the other side.What is the minimum number of cards you must examine to test this hypothesis?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
Q2) How much effort you put into studying for this test is an example of ___________.
A)academic motivation
B)intrinsic motivation
C)extrinsic motivation
D)expectancy value theory
Q3) Girls have more equal distribution of gray matter over both brain hemispheres.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most common psychological disorder in adolescence is
A) ADHD.
B) autism.
C) anxiety.
D) depression.
Q2) An important area of the brain used in moral decision making is __________.
A) the prefrontal cortex
B) Broca's area
C) temporal lobe
D) the parietal lobe
Q3) High rejection sensitivity can decrease with time.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An individual at the ______ level in Kohlberg's Stage Theory understands that a smoothly functioning society may not be a just one; thus he or she emphasizes abstract principles,values,and procedures to guarantee rights.
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postcoventional
D) None of these.
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