Introduction to Psychology
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology is a foundational course designed to familiarize students with the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course covers key concepts, theories, and research findings in areas such as learning, memory, perception, development, cognition, motivation, and emotion. Students will also explore topics in social psychology, personality, psychological disorders, and therapy, gaining insight into both historical perspectives and contemporary approaches. Through lectures, discussions, and case studies, the course encourages critical thinking and application of psychological principles to everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology in Your Life 1st Edition by Sarah Grison
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing the World of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gestalt psychology was developed based on the idea that a person's experiences are more than just the collection of various "parts" or "elements" of consciousness.This idea is in direct contrast with the __________ approach.
A) functionalist
B) psychoanalytic
C) cognitive psychology
D) structuralist
Answer: D
Q2) Introductory psychology textbooks never leave out the name Wilhelm Wundt.Describe who Wundt was and explain why his accomplishments were important to the discipline of psychology.
Answer: Suggested answer: Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of experimental psychology.He established the first psychology laboratory that allowed for new ways of measuring and studying human experience.One of the new methods that he created was called introspection and it allowed people to measure conscious experience.
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3
Chapter 2: The Role of Biology in Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The part of your brain that makes it possible for you to learn how to ride a bike and stay balanced while doing so is the A) thalamus.
B) cerebellum.
C) amygdala.
D) hypothalamus.
Answer: B
Q2) The brain structure that connects the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex is called the
A) thalamus.
B) basal ganglia.
C) temporal lobe.
D) corpus callosum.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following would NOT be caused by your genotype?
A) eye color
B) sex
C) Huntington's disease
D) music preference
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The fact that the brain acts as an interpreter refers to the ability of the
A) right hemisphere to construct a world that makes sense.
B) left hemisphere to construct a world that makes sense.
C) right hemisphere to process speech.
D) left hemisphere to process speech.
Answer: B
Q2) Consciousness is best defined as
A) your subjective experiences of the external world.
B) your ability to objectively pay attention to important information.
C) moving from a state of sleep to a state of wakefulness.
D) processing of sensory information without full awareness.
Answer: A
Q3) Three of the following people are practicing meditation to achieve an altered state of consciousness.Which person is NOT practicing one of the various forms of meditation?
A) Larry focuses attention on one thing, such as his breathing pattern.
B) Genevieve consciously tries to stop her inner thought processes.
C) Miguel is repeating a mantra.
D) Ariel is listening to her inner voice without responding.
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Development Across the Life Span
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Sample Questions
Q1) Given what Naomi knows about physical development across the life span,which of the following people does she suspect will be the LEAST healthy at age 70?
A) Cindy, who has been exercising regularly since she was a teenager
B) Carla, who does the daily Sudoku and crossword puzzles in the newspaper
C) Carson, who squints at his computer and listens to loud music on his iPod
D) Charles, who walks around his building three times at lunchtime each day
Q2) Sonya's parents have been encouraging her to walk for several months by standing her up and holding her hands.Paul's parents have let him achieve motor milestones on his own,without encouraging or helping him.The fact that Sonya and Paul both started walking independently at about the same age can be best explained by A) sensorimotor development.
B) prenatal development.
C) maturation.
D) object permanence.
Q3) Bernadette's baby was born with a low birth weight.
a)Discuss two factors that may have influenced the baby's prenatal development in this way.
b)When would these factors have the greatest negative effect?
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6
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maggie paints her room bright red.The room looks bright because the paint has absorbed the __________ wavelengths of light and is reflecting the __________ wavelengths to Maggie's eyes.
A) long; short and medium
B) long and short; medium
C) short and medium; long
D) long and medium; short
Q2) Regarding smell,which of the following statements is generally the most accurate?
A) People are better at discriminating among odors than they are at identifying them; men generally outperform women.
B) People are better at discriminating among odors than they are at identifying them; women generally outperform men.
C) People are better at identifying odors than they are at discriminating among them; men generally outperform women.
D) People are better at identifying odors than they are at discriminating among them; women generally outperform men.
Q3) Explain the steps involved in touch sensation and perception.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you study in the same room in which you take an exam,you will probably do better on the exam than if you had studied elsewhere.This outcome occurs because of __________ memory.
A) semantic
B) episodic
C) context-dependent
D) state-dependent
Q2) Lisa is driving to school when she sees a yellow traffic light ahead of her.According to the three-part memory storage system,Lisa will first maintain information about the yellow light in her
A) working memory.
B) short-term storage.
C) long-term storage.
D) sensory storage.
Q3) Implicit memories are stored in the part of the brain called the A) temporal lobe.
B) hippocampus.
C) prefrontal cortex.
D) cerebellum.
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Page 8
Chapter 8: Thinking and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) You get to your car and realize you have lost your keys.So you think of the last time you saw your keys and retrace your steps from that point.You are using the problem-solving technique of __________ to help find your keys.
A) subgoals
B) working backward
C) analogy
D) insight
Q2) Annie needs to take her cat to the vet but she does not have a carrier.She remembers that once she took her guinea pig to the vet in a pot.But she knows the cat will not fit in a pot so she cannot use this previous strategy.Annie is having a hard time solving the problem because of
A) poor insight.
B) a mental set.
C) subgoals.
D) framing.
Q3) For an intelligence test to be useful,it must have both validity and reliability.
A.Explain what validity and reliability are.
B)Provide an example of something that has low validity but high reliability.
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Chapter 9: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jenna plans to be an engineer.However,she loves taking dance classes and makes time for them even if it means that she must skip a meal or not get much sleep.Jenna's behavior is best explained by
A) satisfaction of needs.
B) drive reduction.
C) incentives.
D) the pleasure principle.
Q2) Vincent is a brilliant artist and is very satisfied with his achievements.However,he has little to eat,lives in poverty,and spends most of his time alone working on his art.Why would Vincent's life be problematic in terms of Maslow's need hierarchy?
A) Satisfaction is an emotion, not a need.
B) Lower needs must be met before higher needs.
C) Satisfying the need for esteem requires financial success.
D) Lower and higher needs cannot be met simultaneously.
Q3) Janelle knows that motivational states are directive,meaning that they
A) call attention to important goals.
B) activate us to do something.
C) help guide behaviors that satisfy our needs.
D) determine a pattern of physiological activation.
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Page 10
Chapter 10: Health and Well-Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Type B behavior pattern describes a person who is A) competitive and time-pressed.
B) easygoing and accommodating.
C) cynical and pessimistic.
D) at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
Q2) Your sister has been quite thin ever since the eighth grade,but expresses a great fear of becoming fat and is always looking for ways to lose more weight.Based on this,she is most likely experiencing
A) a high body mass index.
B) the absence of a set point for weight control.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) bulimia nervosa.
Q3) Which of the following people would experience the most distress over a stressful situation?
A) Pam, a woman in a happy marriage
B) Donna, a single mom of three who works full time
C) Alex, a man in a happy marriage with two children
D) Gerard, a man in a domestic partnership
Q4) What is a daily hassle? Define daily hassle and then provide three examples of daily hassles.
Page 11
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Chapter 11: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Inga is participating in a debate.In reviewing her performance,Inga will most likely attribute her own errors to __________ and her opponent's errors to __________.
A) lack of preparation; having the flu
B) lack of preparation; noise from the crowd
C) noise from the crowd; having the flu
D) noise from the crowd; lack of preparation
Q2) Lisa believes that drinking alcohol is wrong.However,her boyfriend Mike likes to drink beer after work.Instead of breaking up with Mike,she decides that drinking alcohol is not so bad after all.Lisa's attitude most likely changed because of
A) the fundamental attribution error.
B) the actor/observer bias.
C) postdecisional dissonance.
D) cognitive dissonance.
Q3) Describe two factors that promote the development of friendships and relationships.
Q4) a.Explain what implicit and explicit attitudes are.
b.Describe one way to measure implicit attitudes.
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Chapter 12: Self and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rich is an interactionist.This means that he believes that behavior is determined by
A) the interaction of traits and genetics.
B) both traits and biological processes.
C) the interaction of different traits.
D) both situations and traits.
Q2) According to the psychodynamic approach,children feel unconscious impulses toward their parents of the opposite sex during the __________ stage of psychosexual development.
A) genital
B) oral
C) anal
D) phallic
Q3) Which of the following people will show a highly stable personality if measured today and again 1 year later?
A) Janessa, a 7-year-old
B) Tyree, a 15-year-old
C) Evelyn, a 35-year-old
D) LaShonda, a 55-year-old
Q4) Describe the relationship between the self-schema and the working self-concept.
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Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Valerie leaves her house,she experiences unwelcome thoughts that make her nervous,so she engages in repetitive behaviors that make her feel calmer so she can get into her car.Based on this,Valerie is most likely to be diagnosed with A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) social phobia.
D) panic attacks.
Q2) Research has found that the cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder may be linked to all of the following EXCEPT A) genetics.
B) classical conditioning.
C) operant conditioning.
D) observational learning.
Q3) Which of the following children would have the most difficult time making an emotional connection with other children?
A) Tommy, who has attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
B) Warren, who has a specific learning disorder
C) Chad, who has autism
D) Corey, who has a motor disorder
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Page 14
Chapter 14: Psychological Treatments
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Sample Questions
Q1) The textbook discusses two basic,general approaches that can be used to treat clients with mental health disorders.These approaches are
A) psychoanalysis and behavior modification.
B) cognitive therapy and group therapy.
C) dream analysis and electroconvulsive therapy.
D) psychotherapy and biological therapy.
Q2) James has schizophrenia,and his major symptoms are hallucinations and disordered speech.James may be treated with all of the following EXCEPT
A) conventional antipsychotics.
B) cognitive restructuring.
C) behavioral therapy.
D) atypical antipsychotics.
Q3) Fabricio has a PhD in clinical psychology.Which of the following actions can he NOT perform in most states?
A) have a private practice
B) conduct research on his therapy techniques
C) prescribe drugs for mental health problems
D) work in a hospital setting
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joseph used classical conditioning to teach his sister to be afraid of squirrels.If he is successful,the conditioned stimulus,the squirrel,must have been paired with a(n)_______,such as _______.
A) neutral stimulus; a light turning on
B) conditioned response; running away
C) unconditioned response; an increased heartbeat
D) unconditioned stimulus; a loud noise
Q2) If Carlos wants to use classical conditioning so his 3-year-old sister learns to be afraid of dogs,he should _______.
A) shove her to the ground every day whether she pets a dog or not
B) blow an air horn to make her afraid every time she pets their own dog
C) pretend to be afraid of dogs himself
D) give her a piece of candy every time she is afraid to go near a dog
Q3) Tina believes in John Locke's idea of tabula rasa.When Tina's baby is born,she expects the child will most likely _______.
A) already show learning that occurred in the womb
B) be ready to learn new information based on sensory experiences
C) not be able to show learning for several months
D) be able to recognize sensory input she was exposed to before birth
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Page 16