Introduction to Philosophy Final Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Philosophy explores fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, morality, and human nature by examining the major themes, thinkers, and traditions that have shaped philosophical inquiry over time. Students will critically analyze classical and contemporary texts, engage with diverse perspectives, and develop skills in logical reasoning and argumentation. Through discussions and reflective activities, the course encourages curiosity, intellectual openness, and the ability to thoughtfully evaluate and articulate personal and societal beliefs.
Recommended Textbook
The Philosophical Journey An Interactive Approach 6th Edition by William Lawhead
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7 Chapters
585 Verified Questions
585 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction To The Philosophical Journey
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Socratic method consisted of
A) drawing philosophical conclusions from scientific observations.
B) lecturing to people on the basic principles for successful living.
C) surveying public opinion and embracing the collective wisdom of the majority.
D) asking questions of people and then questioning their answers.
Answer: D
Q2) In philosophy,an argument is defined as "a contentious dispute."
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) In discussing "inference to the best explanation," the text pointed out that
A) philosophy makes use of this method,but science does not.
B) science makes use of this method,but philosophy does not.
C) both science and philosophy make use of this method.
D) religion makes use of this method,but science and philosophy do not.
Answer: C
Q4) Epistemology concerns fundamental questions about the nature of reality.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: The Search for Ultimate Reality
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The hard determinists are claiming that only their behavior is determined,but they are making no claims about your behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The compatibilist differs with the hard determinist over whether or not any of our actions can meaningfully be said to be free.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Your text said that fundamental reality is that upon which everything else depends. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Some determinists believe that it is God who determines all events. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Search For Knowledge
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) John Locke's two categories of simple ideas are
A) mathematical and ethical ideas.
B) innate and complex ideas.
C) atoms and force.
D) sensation and reflection.
Answer: D
Q2) Locke agreed with Descartes that we could not get our idea of perfection from experience.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which philosopher's method provides the best example of the Robinson Crusoe assumption?
A) John Dewey
B) Socrates
C) René Descartes
D) Helen Longino
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: The Search for God
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does the greater good defense attempt to justify the existence of evil? How might a critic respond to this defense?
Q2) According to the text,moral evil is the only kind of evil there really is.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The teleological argument argues for the existence of God on the basis of
A) the evidence of design in the universe.
B) the existence of contingent beings that require an explanation.
C) our deep-seated conviction that there is a teleos or a purpose and meaning to human life.
D) the need for a first cause that brought the universe into existence.
Q4) Which authors defended versions of the cosmological argument in your readings?
A) St.Anselm and William Paley
B) Blaise Pascal and William James
C) Thomas Aquinas and Richard Taylor
D) all of the above
Q5) Set out,in a series of steps,the ontological argument.Discuss Gaunilo's and Kant's criticisms of the argument.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: The Search for Ethical Values
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ruth Benedict's position was that of A) subjective ethical relativism.
B) conventional ethical relativism.
C) ethical objectivism.
D) ethical egoism.
Q2) Immanuel Kant said that the only thing in the world that has absolute,unqualified moral value is
A) God.
B) a good will.
C) the trait of moderation.
D) happiness.
Q3) All religious philosophers necessarily hold to the divine command theory of ethics.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The utilitarian ethics of Bentham and Mill is a version of A) deontological ethics. B) consequentialism.
C) divine command theory.
D) virtue ethics.
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Chapter 6: The Search for the Just Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mohandas Gandhi used civil disobedience for which of the following causes?
A) to have the right to practice his religion
B) to free India from British rule
C) to provide just wages for the factory workers
D) to be able to freely travel outside his country
Q2) Karl Marx believed that the driving force in human behavior and history is A) economics.
B) religion.
C) technology.
D) philosophy.
Q3) Susan Moller Okin criticizes Rawls for A) attempting to redesign social institutions that seem to be working just fine.
B) being concerned with the social and economic structure of society and not its moral character.
C) basing his theory on the absurd notion of the original position.
D) failing to appreciate the significance of gender in his theory of justice.
Q4) Explain John Rawls's notions of the "original position" and the "veil of ignorance." What role do they play in deciding what is the most just form of government? Explain the two principles of justice that he advocates.
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Chapter 7: Philosophy and the Meaning of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hazel Barnes's view of the meaning of life was influenced by A) the ancient Stoics.
B) Schopenhauer.
C) Søren Kierkegaard.
D) Jean-Paul Sartre.
Q2) When Jean-Paul Sartre discusses his conversation with a student during World War II,the point he makes about Christian Doctrine is that it A) provides advice that is too general to solve the student's dilemma. B) can serve as an effective guideline in making decisions. C) is rationally indefensible.
D) leads to actions that Sartre found to be objectionable.
Q3) According to your text,only the religious person is concerned with the question of the meaning of life.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to Søren Kierkegaard,philosophy should be objective and free of all subjectivity.
A)True
B)False
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