Introduction to Oral Health Sciences
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Oral Health Sciences provides students with a foundational understanding of the principles and practices related to oral health. The course covers the anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity, the development and eruption of teeth, oral microbiology, and the prevention and management of common dental diseases such as caries and periodontal conditions. Emphasis is placed on the integration of oral health with overall health, the role of dental professionals in promoting oral hygiene, and contemporary issues in oral health care. Through lectures and practical sessions, students gain insight into diagnostics, preventive strategies, and basic clinical skills essential for further study in dental and allied health programs.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Oral Histology and Embryology A Clinical Approach 4th Edition by Daniel J. Chiego
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Chapter 1: Development and Structure of Cells and Tissues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria of the heart.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Posttranslational modifications to proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum are accomplished by __________.
A) mitochondria
B) Golgi apparatus
C) messenger RNA
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
Q3) Which best describes diapedesis?
A) Programmed cell death and fragmentation
B) A protective mechanism in the immunologic defense of the body
C) The development of a cartilage disk in the neck of each long bone
D) The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection
Answer: D
Q4) Blood cells begin to form in the __________ __________ at weeks of development.
Answer: yolk sac
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Chapter 2: Structure and Function of Cells, Tissues, and Organs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which epithelium consists of several layers,with only the basal cell layer in contact with the basal lamina?
A) Simple
B) Stratified
C) Squamous
D) Pseudostratified
Answer: B
Q2) ________ return blood to the heart.
Answer: Veins
Q3) Identify the four primary types of tissue.
Answer: Neural,epithelial,connective,muscle
Q4) Which of the following insulates axons located outside the CNS?
A) Bone
B) Endomysium
C) Myelin sheath
D) Connective tissue
Answer: C
Q5) Which organ system secretes and regulates hormones in the blood?
Answer: Endocrine system
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Chapter 3: Development of the Oral Facial Region
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Sample Questions
Q1) The thymus gland arises from which branchial arch?
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
Answer: C
Q2) Which type of bone protects the brain?
A) Short
B) Dermal
C) Sesamoid
D) Membrane
Answer: D
Q3) In which two locations do pharyngeal fistulas open to drain?
Answer: Side of the neck,pharynx
Q4) In the first 20 weeks,the prenatal mandible articulates with which bone(s)?
A) Incus
B) Malleus
C) Stapes
D) Both A and B
Answer: D
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Development of the Face and Palate
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Sample Questions
Q1) The tongue's immovable base develops from the first branchial arch.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cleft palate will not occur without cleft lip.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which best defines the term nasal fin?
A) Oblique groove extending from the nostrils to the eyes
B) Medial nasal process that composes part of the upper lip
C) Zone of fusion that binds the maxillary and medial processes
D) Wedge-shaped process that assists in the formation of the palate
Q4) Which significant change occurs in the fifth prenatal week?
A) The heart begins to beat.
B) The bilateral placodes develop into nostrils.
C) The palatine shelves grow medially and contact the tongue.
D) The eyes move from the side of the face to the front of the face.
Q5) Bilateral nasal placodes appear in the seventh week of gestation.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Identity two examples of apoptosis in prenatal development.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Development of Teeth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which permanent tooth forms from the general lamina?
A) Molar
B) Incisor
C) Canine
D) Premolar
Q2) Odontoblasts are derived from which type of cell?
A) Follicular
B) Neural crest
C) Ectodermal
D) Oral epithelial
Q3) Ameloblasts secrete enamel before odontoblasts secrete predentin.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Precursor odontoblast cells use cell signaling to determine the correct starting position.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The terminal bar apparatus is a series of hemidesmosomes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Eruption and Shedding of the Teeth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Special _______ cells destroy collagen fibers by ingestion.
A) fibroblast
B) osteoclast
C) osteoblast
D) amino acid
Q2) Which permanent tooth develops without a primary predecessor?
A) Molar
B) Incisor
C) Canine
D) Premolar
Q3) The reduced enamel epithelium fuses with the oral epithelium during prefunctional eruption.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Root formation begins when which of the following occurs?
A) The epithelial root sheath proliferates.
B) The tooth's crown tip enters the oral cavity.
C) Fibrous tissue surrounding the follicle increases.
D) Reduced enamel epithelium contacts and fuses with the oral epithelium.
Q5) Name two characteristics of both primary and permanent dentitions.
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Chapter 7: Enamel
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ameloblasts produce _______ as they migrate.
A) cementoid
B) enamel rods
C) epithelial rests
D) dentinal tubules
Q2) Lamellae are cracks in the surface of enamel and are visible to the naked eye.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following best defines incremental lines?
A) Ridges visible on the surface of enamel
B) Termination of dentinal tubules in enamel
C) Alternating dark and light bands of enamel rod groups
D) Lines that result from the rhythmic recurrent deposition of enamel
Q4) Etching the surface of enamel stimulates remineralization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A tuft is a developmental defect in enamel filled with _________ material.
Q6) Each enamel rod is formed by a single ameloblast.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Dentin
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of dentin separates mantle dentin from circumpulpal dentin?
A) Granular
B) Globular
C) Transparent
D) Reactionary
Q2) Peritubular dentin is not found in the dentinal tubules of interglobular dentin.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which is the following is a hypermineralized collar of dentin that grows within the tubule?
A) Sclerotic dentin
B) Peritubular dentin
C) Intertubular dentin
D) Interglobular dentin
Q4) Secondary dentin is deposited more quickly than primary dentin.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Odontoblastic injury during a cavity preparation usually results in ________ dentin.
Q6) An ________ __________ is the defining characteristic of globular dentin.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Dental Pulp
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pulpal capillaries are lined with _____.
A) epithelial cells
B) endothelial cells
C) myelinated axons
D) nonmyelinated axons
Q2) Pulpal cells ___________ with age or trauma.
A) increase
B) decrease
C) disappear
D) stay the same
Q3) The ________ of the odontoblast is the largest part of the cell.
Q4) List five functions of pulp tissue.
Q5) Which of the following best defines the zone of Weil?
A) Cell-free region
B) High cell density
C) Concentrated plexus of nerves
D) Large veins, arteries, and pericytes
Q6) Name the three types of pulp stones.
Q7) Odontoblasts appear ___________________________ in the pulp horn area.
Q8) How many pulps are present in the permanent dentition?
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Chapter 10: Cementum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which percentage of collagen is found in organic cementum?
A) 20% to 25%
B) 30% to 35%
C) 40% to 45%
D) 50% to 55%
Q2) Cementum resorption is rare,even in older patients.In fact,cementum is more resistant to resorption than bone.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q3) Young children frequently develop free cementicles.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The initial layer of cementum is known as ____________.
Q5) The intermediate layer of cementum is _____ thick.
A) 10 cm
B) 10 mm
C) 10 µm
D) 10 nm
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Chapter 11: Periodontium: Periodontal Ligament
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Sample Questions
Q1) The periodontal ligament (periodontium)has a width of _________ mm.
A) 0.015 to 0.038
B) 0.15 to 0.38
C) 0.045 to 0.080
D) 0.45 to 0.80
Q2) Fibroblasts are most concentrated in the _______ _________.
Q3) The most important function of the periodontal ligament is to sense movement.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ______________ create and destroy collagen fibers,as needed.
A) Fibroblasts
B) Osteoclasts
C) Macrophages
D) Cementoblasts
Q5) Which arises from the dental follicular tissue?
A) Dentin
B) Enamel
C) Cementicles
D) Periodontium
Q6) List the five dentoalveolar fibers of the periodontal ligament.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Periodontium: Alveolar Process and Cementum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the diagnostic significance of the lamina dura.
Q2) Hyalinization of the periodontal ligament is caused by which of the following?
A) Mesial drift
B) Traumatic compression
C) Eruption of permanent teeth
D) Gradual orthodontic movement
Q3) The lamina dura is less dense than the adjacent cancellous bone.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When a tooth is lost,the adjacent supporting tissues are also lost.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which is identified radiographically as the lamina dura?
A) Pulp
B) Cementum
C) Sharpey fibers
D) Alveolar bone proper
Q6) ______ ______ penetrate haversian canals at right angles to form a nutrient network.
Q7) ___________ canals pass through the long axis of the bone.
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Chapter 13: Temporomandibular Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chondroblasts of the mandibular condyles are organized in long rows.
A)True
B)False
Q2) At birth,condylar heads are round and covered with a thick layer of cartilage.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Name the four types of nerve endings in the TMJ.
Q4) The action of the lower half of the TMJ is a gliding motion.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The heads of mandibular condyles form secondary ossification centers.Secondary ossification centers produce epiphyseal lines (cartilage-bone junctions).
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q6) Cartilage-bone remodeling is not possible.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Which branches of the trigeminal nerve innervate the TMJ?
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Chapter 14: Oral Mucosa
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which papillae do not house taste buds?
A) Foliate
B) Filiform
C) Fungiform
D) Circumvallate
Q2) Cellular activity __________ and fibrosis __________ with age.
A) decreases, increases
B) increases, decreases
C) plateaus, increases
D) decreases, plateaus
Q3) Nonkeratinocytes are also known as __________ cells.
Q4) Name the four types of papillae found on the tongue.
Q5) The oral epithelium of an older individual is ____________.
A) thin
B) moist
C) resilient
D) texturized
Q6) Lymphocytes and leukocytes appear most often beneath the __________ epithelium
Q7) Name the five taste modalities of the oral cavity.
Q8) Ectopic sebaceous glands at the angle of the mouth are called ______ _______. Page 16
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Page 17
Chapter 15: Salivary Glands and Tonsils
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which tonsil is located in the floor of the mouth?
A) Lingual
B) Palatine
C) Pharyngeal
D) Both A and B
Q2) Name the three major salivary glands.
Q3) Tonsils contain cells that secrete saliva.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The intercalated ducts of the salivary glands contain mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum,and secretory granules.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Lingual tonsils have ____________ crypts.
A) deep
B) narrow
C) branching
D) wide-mouthed
Q6) The function of amylase is to aid in the digestion of _____________________.
Q7) The duct system consists of secretory and ____________ portions.
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Chapter 16: Biofilms
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Sample Questions
Q1) In tonsillitis,there is a dramatic increase in salivary leukocytes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The dark color of supragingival calculus is attributed to which of the following?
A) Calcium
B) Hydroxyapatite
C) Organic skeletons
D) Serum and blood pigments
Q3) Which of the following is a function of a disclosing solution?
A) Diagnosing pulpits
B) Locating calculus deposits
C) Determining whether plaque is still present
D) Showing cracks or fissures in the enamel surface
Q4) The ______________ of plaque is essential for the prevention of disease.
A) removal
B) disclosure
C) deposition
D) mineralization
Q5) ____________ produce acids that can demineralize the surface of enamel.
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