Introduction to Nutrition Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Introduction to Nutrition explores the fundamental principles of human nutrition, examining the role of nutrients in maintaining health and preventing disease. The course covers macronutrients and micronutrients, digestion and absorption, energy balance, dietary guidelines, and the relationship between nutrition and chronic illnesses. Students gain an understanding of how food choices impact physical well-being and learn to evaluate nutritional information critically, laying a foundation for promoting healthy eating habits both personally and within the wider community.
Recommended Textbook
Nutrition An Applied Approach 5th Edition by Janice J. Thompson
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30 Chapters
1904 Verified Questions
1904 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Nutrition: Linking Food and Health
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89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Wellness" is a multidimensional process by which people make choices that enhance their lives.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The term nutritionist has no precise definition or laws regulating it.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) An important source of energy for the body during times of rest and low-intensity exercise is
A) protein.
B) vitamins.
C) fat.
D) water.
Answer: C
Q4) Protein's primary role is to provide energy for the body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Designing a Healthful Diet
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102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following equals one serving of the USDA Food Patterns' vegetable group?
A) 1/2 oz of almonds
B) 1 tablespoon peanut butter
C) 16 fl oz of tomato juice
D) 2 cups of raw spinach
Answer: D
Q2) Julie is a vegetarian-the only animal-based foods she consumes are dairy products and eggs.Which of the following statements about Julie's diet is TRUE?
A) Julie's diet is unhealthful because it lacks adequacy.
B) Julie's diet is unhealthful because it lacks variety.
C) Julie's diet is unhealthful because it lacks nutrient density.
D) Julie's diet is not necessarily unhealthful.
Answer: D
Q3) Sights,smells,and other aspects of our environment affect appetite.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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4
Chapter
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111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The atom is the smallest unit of matter that exhibits the properties of growth,reproduction,and metabolism.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following is known as a "hunger hormone"?
A) progesterone
B) testosterone
C) CCK
D) ghrelin
Answer: D
Q3) The conversion of the mass of undigested material into feces occurs in the A) stomach.
B) gallbladder.
C) small intestine.
D) large intestine.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ana takes her grandparents out to eat every Sunday at their favorite buffet-style restaurant,which offers only a limited selection of vegetables.Which of the following would be the most fiber-rich vegetable option for the diners?
A) 1 cup of cooked broccoli
B) 2 cups of iceberg lettuce
C) 6 spears of steamed asparagus
D) 1/2 cup of creamed corn
Q2) Eating large amounts of added sugar is associated with an increased risk for diabetes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain why it is TRUE that the lactose sugar in cheddar cheese is derived from plants.
Q4) Individuals with the disease phenylketonuria (PKU)should NOT consume the alternative sweetener aspartame.Why?
A) People with PKU are highly prone to development of diabetes.
B) People with PKU are allergic to the sweetener.
C) People with PKU experience severe headaches when they consume aspartame.
D) People with PKU cannot metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine.
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Chapter 5: Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients
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102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following species of fish would likely contain the highest levels of contaminants?
A) swordfish
B) salmon
C) flounder
D) mahi-mahi
Q2) Yesterday Nadia consumed 250 grams of carbohydrate,75 grams of protein,and 60 grams of fat.What percentage of Calories of her day's intake came from fat?
A) 13%
B) 15%
C) 29%
D) 35%
Q3) Lower-fat foods are by definition also lower in Calories.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is hydrogenation? Why do food manufacturers utilize this process,and what are the potential health impacts of hydrogenation?
Q5) Describe the role that fats play in the structure of a cell and its primary functions.
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Chapter 6: Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body
Tissues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lipoproteins and transferrin act as
A) proteases.
B) transport proteins.
C) buffers.
D) hormones.
Q2) It is necessary to eat animal-based proteins to stay healthy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In what cell structure are amino acids assembled into proteins?
A) nucleus
B) ribosome
C) cell membrane
D) mitochondria
Q4) Proteases are
A) protein messengers that are released from storage in response to an alteration in the body's homeostasis.
B) transport proteins that move substances across cell membranes.
C) defense proteins that attack foreign bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
D) enzymes that break down protein in the small intestine.
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Q5) Explain the roles of pepsin and proteases in the chemical digestion of proteins.
Chapter 7: Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding phosphorus?
A) Phosphorus from animal sources is more readily absorbed than the phosphorus from plant sources.
B) Phosphorus is a component of ATP.
C) On average, Americans do not consume enough phosphorus in their diets.
D) The GI flora can break down the phosphorus from plant sources.
Q2) Which of the following individuals will benefit the MOST from consuming a sports beverage?
A) athlete who exercises intensely for more than one hour
B) child who will not drink milk
C) adult who participates in regular physical activity 30 minutes a day
D) elderly person who is taking a diuretic
Q3) Which of the following does NOT describe tissue fluid?
A) fluid that flows between cells
B) interstitial fluid
C) fluid that is found in the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
D) synovial fluid found within joints
Q4) Liz has recently been diagnosed with hypertension and told to cut back on her dietary sodium.Identify practical suggestions that would help Liz reduce her sodium intake.
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Chapter 8: Nutrients Essential to Key Body Functions
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is vitamin B important in the metabolism of amino acids?
A) It breaks down amino acids to nitrogen.
B) It creates high levels of the amino acid homocysteine.
C) It plays a critical role in transamination.
D) Deamination cannot occur without it.
Q2) Diseases that cause the malabsorption of fat can result in a deficiency of
A) vitamin A.
B) vitamin B .
C) vitamin C.
D) selenium.
Q3) A deficiency of which micronutrient may result in small red blood cells with inadequate hemoglobin?
A) choline
B) biotin
C) vitamin B
D) pantothenic acid
Q4) Acetylcholine is a vitamin-like nutrient important in metabolism.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain how vitamin A affects growth,reproduction,and cell differentiation.
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Chapter 9: Nutrients Essential to Healthy Tissues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The spongy bone that is found within the ends of long bones is called
A) cortical bone.
B) compact bone.
C) collagen.
D) trabecular bone.
Q2) The iron-carrying protein that assists in the transport of oxygen into muscle cells is
A) myoglobin.
B) hemoglobin.
C) hematocrit.
D) hemosiderin.
Q3) Which of the following foods are good sources of magnesium?
A) beans
B) citrus fruits
C) french fries and onion rings
D) milk, yogurt, and cheese
Q4) Vitamin C was discovered and identified as a nutrient in England in 1740.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How does bone serve as a "calcium bank" for the body?
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Chapter 10: Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight
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Sample Questions
Q1) Azad is in a pre-med program,plays soccer,and volunteers at a local public health clinic.He wants to gain weight.What might be his biggest obstacle? How can he overcome it? Suggest at least three healthful foods or beverages he could add to his daily diet.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT considered a basal function?
A) respiration (inhaling and exhaling air)
B) circulation of your blood and lymph
C) walking up stairs
D) maintaining your body temperature
Q3) According to the protein leverage hypothesis,which of the following meals best contributes to optimal physiologic functioning?
A) a bowl of oatmeal and a cup of black coffee
B) a salad with peppers, cucumbers, and tomatoes, and a diet cola
C) a bowl of pasta with tomato sauce and a glass of red wine
D) a tuna sandwich and a glass of milk
Q4) The shoulder-to-hip ratio is useful to assess one's fat distribution pattern and future chronic disease risk.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anabolic steroid use can cause shriveled testicles,enlarged breast tissue,and other signs of "feminization" in men.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Design a physical fitness program for yourself based on the FITT principle.What are the most important components to include in planning a sound fitness program?
Q3) To achieve a moderate-intensity aerobic workout,what percentage of your maximal heart rate should be your target range?
A) 20-30% of maximal heart rate
B) 50-70% of maximal heart rate
C) no more than 85% of maximal heart rate
D) 90-110% of maximal heart rate
Q4) After about three seconds of exercise,which substance is broken down to help regenerate ATP?
A) glucose
B) pyruvic acid
C) creatine phosphate (CP)
D) lactic acid
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a type of fungi?
A) mushrooms
B) molds
C) yeasts
D) prions
Q2) Organically grown foods are just as likely to be contaminated with pesticide residues as conventionally grown foods.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which human organ system is MOST affected by toxic levels of mercury?
A) nervous
B) renal
C) cardiovascular
D) digestive
Q4) The U.S.has no labeling requirements for products containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss the four basic rules of safe food handling. Page 14
Q5) Explain what you are buying when you buy certified organic foods.
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Page 15
Challenge of Good Food
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Sample Questions
Q1) A severe food shortage affecting a large percentage of a population within a given area at a particular time is known as a
A) food/population imbalance.
B) famine.
C) natural disaster.
D) nutrition paradox.
Q2) Which of the following agricultural practices controls soil erosion?
A) large-scale livestock production
B) irrigation
C) heavy tilling of row crops
D) crop rotation
Q3) No country in the Western Hemisphere experiences a prevalence of hunger greater than 10%.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There is very little an individual can do to promote "good" food.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Pregnancy and the
First Year of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why breast milk is ideally suited for infant nourishment.
Q2) During the first six months of lactation,the daily energy needs of the mother increase by how many kilocalories as compared to pre-pregnancy levels?
A) 120
B) 330
C) 540
D) 650
Q3) Which of the following hormones is referred to as the "let down" hormone?
A) estrogen
B) prolactin
C) leptin
D) oxytocin
Q4) Small fruits such as grapes and raisins are appropriate "sweets" for older infants.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Women who breastfeed typically lose approximately 1 to 4 pounds per month.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Identify the hormones that regulate lactation and describe their functions.
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Chapter 15: Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Childhood to Late
Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Multivitamin/mineral supplements should never be given to toddlers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following BEST characterizes macular degeneration?
A) cloudiness of the lens of the eye
B) affects 70% of U.S. adults in their 80s
C) manifests as a loss of central vision
D) can be prevented by taking vision-enhancing supplements
Q3) Which of the following is NOT usually a strong influence on adolescent food patterns?
A) peers
B) personal food preferences
C) parents
D) their own sense of what foods comprise a healthful, adequate diet
Q4) As compared to infancy,growth rates increase during the toddler years.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Girls gain more body fat through adolescence than do boys.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: New Frontiers in Nutrition and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Taking a broad-spectrum antibiotic to fight an infection also helps to boost the healthful bacteria in our microbiome.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Orange juice with added calcium is an example of a probiotic beverage.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Probiotics contribute to human health by improving the balance of healthful bacteria in the GI tract.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Prebiotics are generally found in easily digestible,high-protein foods such as meat and poultry.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Current research suggests that a diet rich in orange,yellow,and deep green fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk for certain age-related eye diseases.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Healthful Eating Patterns
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fortunately,more than 50% of Americans do follow a healthful eating pattern.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Processed foods can be part of a healthful eating pattern.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following statements about the eating patterns of Americans is TRUE?
A) About 90% of Americans meet their daily intake recommendations for vegetables.
B) Nearly 50% of Americans consume more than their daily intake recommendations for added sugars.
C) About 20% of Americans fail to meet their daily intake recommendations for fruits.
D) Nearly 100% of Americans fail to meet their daily intake recommendations for whole grains.
Q4) The Mediterranean diet is rich in phytochemicals,probiotics,and prebiotics.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Disorders Related to Specific Foods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Food intolerances usually occur because
A) the person's small intestine does not produce enough of a digestive enzyme needed to break down the offending food.
B) the person's immune system produces antibodies against a food component, usually a protein, as if it were harmful.
C) the person's immune system provokes inflammation of the villi of the small intestine whenever the person consumes the offending food.
D) the person's neuromuscular system prompts waves of backwards peristalsis in response to consumption of the offending food.
Q2) Nonceliac gluten sensitivity is thought to be due to emotional factors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following would a blood test reveal for a person suffering from a peanut allergy?
A) malnutrition
B) a lack of antibodies specific to peanuts
C) the presence of antibodies specific to peanuts
D) the presence of peanut allergen in the blood
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Chapter 19: Diabetes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately what percentage of the American population has some form of diabetes?
A) 1-2%
B) 4-5%
C) 9-10%
D) 14-15%
Q2) Type 1 diabetes destroys the
A) glucagon-producing alpha cells of the pancreas.
B) insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.
C) neurotransmitters of the brain.
D) cells of the pancreatic duct.
Q3) Currently insulin therapy is the only treatment for type 1 diabetes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In obese people,lipid deposits in muscle,liver,and pancreatic beta cells increases their sensitivity to insulin.
A)True
B)False
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Page 22
Chapter 20: Cardiovascular Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following recommendations has been shown to improve blood lipid levels and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease?
A) maintaining fat intake to within 20-35% of total energy
B) increasing saturated fat to at least 10% of total energy
C) decreasing intake of dietary omega-3 fatty acids from cold-water fish, nuts, and canola oil
D) consuming the UL for vitamin B , B , and folate from supplements
Q2) The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a reduction in dietary sodium intake to how many mg per day?
A) less than 1,500
B) less than 2,300
C) less than 3,300
D) less than 3,600
Q3) Primary or essential hypertension,accounting for approximately 45-55% of people,is hereditary.
A)True
B)False
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Page 23
Chapter 21: Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With
Macro Powers
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Sample Questions
Q1) What distinguishes a major mineral from a trace mineral?
A) quantity of the mineral found in foods
B) quantity of the mineral found in nature
C) daily requirement for the mineral and amount found in the body
D) importance to the body of the mineral
Q2) Which of the following is a trace mineral?
A) iron
B) sodium
C) sulfur
D) calcium
Q3) The iron in breakfast cereal is absorbed more readily when consumed with a glass of vitamin C-rich orange juice.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following statements does NOT describe water-soluble vitamins?
A) Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed easily from the intestinal tract into the blood.
B) Water-soluble vitamins are stored in large amounts in the body.
C) Water-soluble vitamins are found in a wide variety of foods.
D) Water-soluble vitamins are rarely toxic.
Page 24
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Chapter 22: Alcohol
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Sample Questions
Q1) The antioxidant found in red wine that may confer health benefits is
A) resveratrol.
B) selenium.
C) lutein.
D) retinol.
Q2) It is safe for pregnant women to consume moderate amounts of alcohol after the first trimester of pregnancy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What distinguishes alcohol dependence from alcohol abuse?
A) impaired functioning
B) physical dependence
C) health problems
D) disruption of interpersonal relationships
Q4) Drinking alone to cope with anger or sadness is one sign of an alcohol use disorder.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 23: Cancer
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Sample Questions
Q1) Up to what proportion of cancer deaths do researchers estimate could be prevented if people adopted key health-related behaviors such as avoiding smoking and engaging in regular physical activity?
A) one-quarter
B) one-third
C) one-half
D) two-thirds
Q2) A physician who specializes in the treatment of patients with cancer is called
A) an oncologist.
B) a radiologist.
C) an internist.
D) a rheumatologist.
Q3) The majority of people who develop cancer die from the disease.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Once the DNA of the cell is mutated and the altered cells begin to grow,the development of cancer is inevitable.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 24: Osteoporosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Death following a hip fracture is often due to infection.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Hormone replacement therapy can reduce the risk for hip and spinal fractures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In which phase of a woman's life cycle is bone loss the greatest?
A) puberty
B) pregnancy
C) lactation
D) menopause
Q4) The only way to obtain adequate calcium and vitamin D is to use supplements.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the primary reason osteoporosis incidence in the United States is expected to increase in the next two decades?
A) inadequate preventive measures
B) increased diagnosis
C) increased longevity of the population
D) decline in milk consumption
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Chapter 25: Obesity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Prescription weight-loss medicines are associated with side effects and a certain level of risk.For which of the following would a physician MOST likely prescribe these medications?
A) an adult with a BMI of 32 kg/m² who has just started a medically supervised weight-loss program
B) a high school football player with a BMI of 30 kg/m²
C) an eleven-year old child with a BMI of 26 kg/m² whose parents are obese
D) an adult with a BMI of 28 kg/m² who has prediabetes and hypertension.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for metabolic syndrome?
A) abdominal obesity
B) low triglyceride levels
C) higher-than-normal blood pressure
D) fasting blood glucose level higher than 100 mg/dL
Q3) Self-esteem is thought to influence obesity risk.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Liposuction is a simple cosmetic procedure that is not associated with significant risks.
A)True
B)False
Page 28
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Chapter 26: Disorders Related to Body Image, Eating, and Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) Establishing structured eating behaviors can help someone with an eating disorder to maintain a healthful body weight.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Eating disorders are far more common in Japan,Korea,and China than in Western nations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The higher the BMI of one's peers,the lower the risk of developing anorexia nervosa.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Female athletes who experience amenorrhea are at risk for developing osteoporosis.
A)True B)False
Q5) In a female of reproductive age,amenorrhea is the absence of menstrual periods for at least one year.
A)True
B)False
29
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Chapter 27: The Safety and Effectiveness of Dietary Supplements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following herbs is associated with the risks of high blood pressure,irregular heartbeat,and heart attack?
A) chamomile
B) ephedra
C) willow bark
D) kava
Q2) A healthcare provider would MOST likely prescribe which of the following supplements for a vegan?
A) vitamins K, D, and E, and iron
B) folic acid, copper, and chromium
C) riboflavin, vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iron, and zinc
D) B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and certain herbs
Q3) Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Dietary supplements do not need approval from the FDA before they are marketed.
B) All supplements sold in the U.S. must contain the U.S.P. symbol.
C) The liver is often the organ damaged by use of contaminated dietary supplements.
D) No federal agency ensures the purity, safety, and quality of dietary supplements.
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Page 30
Chapter 28: Malnutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following factors are theorized to contribute to the poverty-obesity paradox EXCEPT
A) the increased tendency of low-income people to purchase inexpensive, energy-dense foods that have a longer shelf life.
B) the increased tendency of low-income people to spend too much money on relatively expensive sources of protein, such as meats, poultry, and fish.
C) the increased tendency of low-income people to live in regions that are not served by markets selling fresh, affordable food.
D) the increased level of stress experienced by low-income people, which results in the frequent release of hormones that slow metabolism and increase appetite, and may deplete their ability to make thoughtful choices about foods.
Q2) The stress hormone cortisol suppresses appetite.
A)True B)False
Q3) Zinc deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 29: The Fetal Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some of the earliest evidence for the fetal origins theory came from A) France.
B) South Africa.
C) Japan.
D) the Netherlands.
Q2) As compared to the general population,the children of diabetic women are
A) twice as likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
B) four times as likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
C) six times as likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
D) eight times as likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
Q3) The offspring of Dutch mothers who experienced wartime famine during their first trimester showed an increased risk of obesity in adulthood.
A)True B)False
Q4) Adults who were exposed in utero,in infancy,and in early childhood to the Leningrad famine had far poorer health,on average,than adults who were exposed to the Netherlands famine.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 30: Searching for the Fountain of Youth
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/43077
Sample Questions
Q1) An evaluation of the impact of Calorie restriction on health indicates that it is the energy content of the diet and NOT the nutrient content that is critical to prolong life.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following has been linked to human growth hormone (HGH)supplements?
A) joint and muscle pain
B) increased longevity
C) lower blood cholesterol levels
D) reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes
Q3) Chronic disease is responsible for what rate of deaths among Americans?
A) one in ten
B) three in ten
C) five in ten
D) seven in ten
Q4) Which of the following would LEAST likely be included in a longevity calculator?
A) level of physical activity and weight status
B) sleep quality and duration
C) alcohol, drug, and tobacco use
D) use of anti-aging supplements
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