Introduction to Nursing Ethics Exam Bank
Course
Introduction
Introduction to Nursing Ethics explores the fundamental principles and values that guide ethical decision-making in nursing practice. This course examines the concepts of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice, and their application in various healthcare scenarios. Students will learn to identify and analyze ethical dilemmas, consider cultural and legal perspectives, and develop skills in ethical reasoning and professional conduct. Through case studies and discussion, the course prepares students to uphold ethical standards and integrity in patient care and professional relationships.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing 4th Edition by Margaret A. Burkhardt
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20 Chapters
313 Verified Questions
313 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1109
Page 2
Chapter 1: Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces
Influencing the Development of Nursing
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21802
Sample Questions
Q1) The "Dark Period of Nursing" when convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards provided hospital nursing care occurred during the:
A) Reformation.
B) Crusades.
C) Middle Ages.
D) Early Christian era.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following events that changed nursing occurred during the 20th century?
A) Women became more politically active.
B) The nursing profession gained acceptance as a legitimate force.
C) Nurses began to provide independent health care services.
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Q3) The social status of women affects the status of the nursing profession because:
A) nursing has traditionally been a profession of women.
B) throughout history, nurses have been afforded higher social status.
C) women of higher social status rarely become nurses.
D) women are more skilled than men at nurturing others.
Answer: A
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Ethical Theory
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21803
Sample Questions
Q1) During a hurricane, there is no electricity in a hospital where floodwater is rapidly rising. An ICU nurse manually ventilates a patient with an ambu bag for 6 hours before she makes the difficult decision to leave her patient and help the solitary remaining nurse carry 12 newborns to safety. The nurse's decision is most clearly supported by which of the following?
A) Deontology
B) Virtue ethics
C) Rationalism
D) Utilitarianism
Answer: D
Q2) The belief that people can figure out absolute moral rules that derive from the universe or a supreme being is the basis for which moral perspective?
A) Moral belief
B) Rationalism
C) Deontology
D) Naturalism
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Ethical Principles
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21804
Sample Questions
Q1) Three gravely ill patients are candidates for the only vacant bed in the intensive care unit. The health care team decides to assign the bed to the patient with the best chance of recovery. Although many principles apply, the decision-making process in this case illustrates the application of which of the following ethical principles?
A) Respect for persons
B) Justice
C) Beneficence
D) Autonomy
Answer: B
Q2) The principle of beneficence requires the nurse to:
A) promote harm or evil and do good.
B) prevent or remove harm and do good.
C) ask the patient to sign a survey indicating the nurse has been beneficial to his or her care.
D) avoid harm as a consequence of doing good.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Values Clarification
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21805
Sample Questions
Q1) When the values of the nurse and those of the patient are different, the patient may be labeled as which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Noncompliant
B) Difficult
C) Cooperative
D) Ignorant
E) Confident
Q2) The valuing process includes which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Promoting beliefs
B) Prizing beliefs
C) Choosing behaviors
D) Acting on beliefs
E) Cherishing behaviors
Q3) The aim of values clarification is to facilitate the process of:
A) instilling personal values.
B) teaching personal values.
C) reacting to personal values.
D) choosing personal values.
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Chapter 5: Values Development
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21806
Sample Questions
Q1) The development of intellectual capacities through the time of childhood from birth to around age 15 years refers to:
A) Kohlberg's theory of moral development.
B) Piaget's stages of cognitive development.
C) Lao Tsu's theory of development.
D) Fowler's stages of faith development.
Q2) "Ethics of Justice" is associated with which of the following theorists?
A) Piaget
B) Gilligan
C) Kohlberg
D) Fowler
Q3) Human values development reflects the content and process of learning what is right and wrong within a culture.
A) True
B) False
Q4) Human values development is often referred to as:
A) moral development.
B) faith development.
C) ethical values.
D) formal operations development.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Ethics and Professional Nursing
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21807
Sample Questions
Q1) Who was the first nursing theorist to write about caring?
A) Martha Rogers
B) Jean Watson
C) Madeleine Leninger
D) Margaret Newman
Q2) The minimum expectations for safe nursing care can be defined as:
A) accountability.
B) standards of nursing practice.
C) expertise.
D) authority.
Q3) The roles of the state boards of nursing can include:
A) overseeing schools of nursing within the states.
B) enforcing the individual state's nurse practice acts.
C) disciplining nurses.
D) all of the above.
Q4) A complex, organized occupation preceded by a long training program is a(n):
A) profession.
B) expert.
C) autonomy.
D) nurse.
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Chapter 7: Ethical Decision Making
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21808
Sample Questions
Q1) Moral dilemmas occur when:
A) the nurse is unsure of the morally correct action.
B) there are conflicting moral claims.
C) moral claims conflict with practical claims.
D) participants disagree on the appropriate course of action.
Q2) A registered nurse witnesses another nurse violating a patient's autonomy. Even though she did not participate in the action, the nurse who witnessed the act experiences powerlessness, frustration, and anger. This reaction describes which of the following?
A) Moral distress
B) Moral uncertainty
C) Moral outrage
D) Moral dilemma
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a moral dilemma?
A) A nurse who is accustomed to working on the prenatal unit floats to the ER.
B) A nurse who has strong religious beliefs opposing abortion is assigned to assist with an elective abortion.
C) A terminally ill patient on life support suffers from severe, intractable pain.
D) A patient has a cardiopulmonary arrest when the suction apparatus fails.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Legal Issues
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21809
Sample Questions
Q1) Changes in Medicare and Medicaid laws and statutory recognition of nursing in advanced practice (including prescriptive authority) are examples of what type of law?
A) Legislative law
B) Constitutional law
C) Administrative law
D) Common law
Q2) The branch of law that deals with actions considered harmful to society is:
A) administrative law.
B) common law.
C) criminal law.
D) constitutional law.
Q3) Liability insurance is an important risk-management strategy. Which of the following is true regarding liability insurance? Select all that apply.
A) Nurses can have individual coverage or group coverage.
B) Liability insurance provides for payment of lawyer fees only.
C) Two basic types of insurance coverage are occurrence based and claim based.
D) Nurses should never be without coverage
E) Employer-sponsored coverage is the most limited type of insurance.
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10
Chapter 9: Professional Relationship Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21810
Sample Questions
Q1) Cues for recognizing harassment could include:
A) invasion of space.
B) lack of respect.
C) confirmation.
D) all of the above.
Q2) A facility administrator systematically passes over all Hispanic nurses who apply for promotion, regardless of their qualifications and abilities. According to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, this is an example of which of the following?
A) Disparate impact
B) Segregation
C) Stereotyping
D) Disparate treatment
Q3) _____________ occurs when one directs hostile or aggressive behavior toward another member of the same group.
A) Discrimination
B) Lateral violence
C) Sexual harassment
D) Disparate impact
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11
Chapter 10: Practice Issues Related to Technology
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21811
Sample Questions
Q1) The process of creating a cell or an entire organism that is identical in every way to another is called:
A) stem cell research
B) cloning
C) genetic screening
D) eugenics
Q2) Palliative care includes all of the following except:
A) comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and total care.
B) aggressive treatment of chronic health problems.
C) comfort and support of patients and families.
D) delivery of coordinated and continuous services.
Q3) Since a prime nursing focus is to relieve suffering, nurses must understand that health care technologies:
A) are good because they always support a patient's health and well-being.
B) may cause conflict between doing good and avoiding harm to patients.
C) are necessary interventions even if they cause patients to suffer.
D) may cause nurses to do harmful things to patients against their wishes.
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12
Chapter 11: Practice Issues Related to Patient Self
Determination
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21812
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse's advocacy role regarding a patient's advance directives (AD) include which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Ensuring that care is consistent with the patient's wishes and AD
B) Telling patients about changes in their conditions so they can modify AD
C) Alerting physicians to changes in the patient's decision-making capacity
D) Informing health team members of the content of a patient's AD
E) Intervening appropriately when a patient's wishes are not being followed
Q2) In dealing with a patient's lifestyle choices, nurses need to remember the instructions in the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics, which would include:
A) respect human dignity.
B) avoid value judgments.
C) practice compassion.
D) a and b.
E) all of the above.
Q3) What is the legal protection of a patient's right to personal autonomy?
A) Paternalism
B) Advanced directives
C) Informed consent
D) Competence
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Scholarship Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Beneficence, respect for human dignity, and justice imply protection from what? Select all that apply.
A) Physical harm
B) Emotional harm
C) Spiritual harm
D) Economic harm
E) Social harm
F) None of the above
Q2) Which of the following statements are true regarding factors to consider in the fair treatment of participants? Select all that apply.
A) Selecting participants on the basis of research needs
B) Equitably distributing the risk and benefits of the research among study participants
C) Treating persons who decline to participate or withdraw from the study with prejudice
D) Debriefing as needed to clarify issues
E) Treating participants with respect
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Chapter 13: Global Consciousness in the Twenty First Century
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21814
Sample Questions
Q1) Florence Nightingale is known for which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) She promoted holistic health.
B) She directed nurses to assure patients had clean water, sanitation, clean air, and good ventilation.
C) She was a pioneer in using evaluative statistics to monitor various factors influencing health.
D) She crafted the standards of Western secular nursing education and practice.
E) She was the first occupational health nurse.
Q2) Ethical practice in managed care settings directs nurses to:
A) promote respect, truthfulness, and fairness in all relationships.
B) assume responsibility for stewardship of limited health resources.
C) work with physicians to determine the least expensive care for patients.
D) inform patients about the care options the doctor thinks is best for them.
Q3) Health problems or potential problems related to disruption of the natural balance of nature include:
A) asthma and autism.
B) toxins in soil and breast milk.
C) malnutrition and birth defects.
D) a and c
E) a, b, and c
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Health Policy Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21815
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a health policy issue of concern to the profession of nursing?
A) Abortion
B) Third-party reimbursement
C) Air pollution control
D) Gun control
E) All of the above
Q2) Which of the following is both a moral and political issue?
A) Abortion
B) Stem cell research
C) Physician-assisted suicide
D) All but b above
E) All of the above
Q3) Organized groups with distinct ideologies that seek to control government are called:
A) partisan parties.
B) community groups.
C) political parties.
D) municipal groups.
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Chapter 15: Economic Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21816
Sample Questions
Q1) Examples of health care cost containment in the 1980s included:
A) a payment system based on Diagnosis related groups (DRGs).
B) certificate of need programs.
C) Professional standards review organizations (PSROs).
D) Peer review organizations (PROs).
E) all of the above.
Q2) Which of the following ethical theories of justice are based upon the rule that it is good to maximize the greatest good for the greatest number of people?
A) Libertarian theories
B) Utilitarian theories
C) Deontological theories
D) Communitarian theories
Q3) In Canada, almost all people are insured against the cost of all hospital and physician expenses through a government health insurance program. This type of health care financing is commonly called:
A) fee for service.
B) managed care.
C) universal health insurance.
D) voluntary or private insurance.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Social Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21817
Sample Questions
Q1) Poverty and homelessness are an issue among U.S. citizens. Which of the following statements are true regarding poverty? Select all that apply.
A) Poverty is known to have a negative impact on the health of individuals.
B) Poorer individuals are sicker than individuals with adequate financial resources.
C) Individuals living below the poverty level frequently participate in preventive care services.
D) The new homeless are families, single women with children, veterans, and elderly.
E) Children living in poverty have a higher incidence of conditions associated with trauma, poor nutrition, drugs, burns, mental illness, and HIV infections.
Q2) Issues that influence the health and health care options of increasing numbers of elderly include which of the following?
A) Social isolation
B) Economic hardships
C) Poverty
D) Chronic illness
E) All of the above
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18
Chapter 17: Gender Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21818
Sample Questions
Q1) An experienced nurse applies for a position in labor and delivery. Even though he is better qualified than other applicants, the nurse manager hires a female nurse. She explains that she wants to protect her patients from being uncomfortable with a male nurse. This situation is an example of which of the following?
A) Sexism
B) Paternalism
C) Both of the above
D) Neither of the above
Q2) Salaries in nursing remain relatively low compared with other professions that require high skill levels, education, and responsibility. Which of the following may be responsible for an increase in nursing salaries?
A) Nursing shortage
B) Lack of men in nursing
C) Fair labor legislation
D) Collective bargaining
E) All of the above
F) A, C, and D
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Chapter 18: Transcultural and Spiritual Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When addressing values such as autonomy, beneficence, and the right to self-determination with patients, nurses need to understand that:
A) all cultures consider these values to be very important in health decisions.
B) the cultural perspective of all people involved must be considered.
C) cultural sensitivity means the family must be included in the discussion.
D) these values are understood pretty much the same in most cultures.
Q2) Complementary and alternative (CAM) therapies:
A) are often derived from a particular cultural tradition.
B) should only be used within a particular culture.
C) are incompatible with conventional medicine.
D) are generally unsafe and should not be used.
Q3) All of the following are important for nurses in providing spiritual care except:
A) understanding that all spirituality is part of every patient encounter.
B) sharing the same religious beliefs and values as the patient.
C) creating an environment open to many beliefs and expressions.
D) appreciating that religious perspective may influence health choices.
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Chapter 19: Empowerment for Nurses
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21820
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements accurately describe the concept of empowerment? Select all that apply.
A) Self-esteem, personal values, and perceptions are factors that can influence empowerment.
B) Empowerment is understood to be a participative process or partnership between a nurse and patient.
C) Empowerment does not require respect for an individual's personal beliefs and goals.
D) Sharing of knowledge through education is important for empowerment.
E) Empowerment requires trust in the person's ability to make decisions, take action, and be accountable for the actions.
Q2) Emphasis on a nurse's role in terms of responsibility to the institution reflects the mind-set that views health care as:
A) medical cases.
B) basic human need.
C) basic human right.
D) commodity.
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21
Chapter 20: Facilitating Patient Enpowerment
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21821
Sample Questions
Q1) Barriers to empowerment can include which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Patients sufficient knowledge of resources
B) Paternalistic attitudes
C) Anxiety and fear
D) Willingness of the nurse to share decision-making power
E) Dependency
F) Mistrust
Q2) Empowerment is fostered through which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) Self-discovery
B) Sense of connectedness
C) Support
D) Opportunities for choice
E) Decreased self-esteem
F) Having needed resources, knowledge, and skills
Q3) Nursing knowledge that is needed in order to enable empowerment includes:
A) ethical principles and decision-making process.
B) values development and their impact on choices.
C) scientific principles and evidence-based practice.
D) a and b.
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Page 22