Introduction to Marketing Final
Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Marketing provides students with a foundational understanding of the core principles, strategies, and practices that drive the world of marketing. This course covers essential topics such as market research, consumer behavior, the marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion), segmentation, targeting, positioning, and the impact of digital technologies on marketing. Through case studies, real-world projects, and interactive discussions, students will learn how organizations identify and respond to consumer needs, develop effective marketing strategies, and create value in a competitive marketplace. By the end of the course, students will have gained practical knowledge and analytical skills crucial for success in both business and non-profit marketing environments.
Recommended Textbook
CB 2nd Canadian Edition by Murray Babin
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16 Chapters
2117 Verified Questions
2117 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is CB, and Why Should I Care?
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two common interpretative orientations are psychology and sociology.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Trends shaping the value received by consumers include internationalization, technological changes, changing communications, changing demographics, and the changing economy.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) A researcher measuring consumers' attitudes toward different brands on a scale ranging from 1 (very negative) to 5 (very positive) is using qualitative research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Interaction points refer to direct contacts between the firm and a customer.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Value and the Consumer Behaviour Value Framework
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define market segmentation and explain how it is a marketplace condition. Describe different market segments of McDonald's customers.
Answer: Market segmentation is the separation of a market into groups based on the different demand curves associated with each group. Market segmentation is a marketplace condition; numerous segments exist in some markets, but very few segments may exist in others. Ultimately, consumer segments exist because different consumers do not value different alternatives the same way. Different market segments of McDonald's customers include families with young children, teenagers and young adults, and senior citizens. Students might also discuss segments based on time of day, such as breakfast eaters, lunch, or dinner. The market could also be segmented by usage-heavy users vs. light users. Finally, consumers could be segmented geographically, especially internationally. McDonald's in other countries or region of this country might carry different product offerings based on local tastes.
Q2) Price is the best indicator of value.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Consumer Learning Starts Here: Perception
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Natalie was trying to house train her new puppy, Beaux, so every time he went to the bathroom outside, she praised him for being such a good dog and gave him a treat. Beaux eventually learned the behaviour Natalie desired and was soon able to let her know when he had to go outside to relieve himself. What is the term for this type of conditioning through reinforcement?
A) instrumental conditioning
B) classical conditioning
C) positive conditioning
D) repetitive conditioning
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is memory for things that a person did not try to remember, as with things learned passively and unintentionally?
A) explicit memory
B) implicit memory
C) unintentional memory
D) pre-attentive memory
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Comprehension, Memory, and Cognitive Learning
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) For approximately how many seconds may stimuli that enter short-term memory stay there without some intervention?
A) 10
B) 30
C) 60
D) 90
Q2) What message source characteristic is Colgate using when they have a dentist help promote their toothpaste?
A) likeability
B) supportiveness
C) attractiveness
D) expertise
Q3) Factors that influence comprehension can be divided into three categories: characteristics of the message, characteristics of the message receiver, and characteristics of the environment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast the different memory stores in the multiple store theory of memory.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Motivation and Emotion: Driving Consumer Behaviour
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the ways in which consumer emotions can be measured without the consumer self-reporting their emotions. What are these types of measured called, and what are the strengths and weaknesses of these types of measures?
Q2) Which term refers to the extent to which a consumer shows outward behavioural signs and otherwise reacts obviously to emotional experiences?
A) emotional expressiveness
B) emotional display
C) emotional labour
D) emotional contagion
Q3) Which of the following can be thought of as a transient (temporary and changing) and general feeling state?
A) mood
B) involvement
C) emotion
D) affect
Q4) Define cognitive appraisal theory and name and describe the four types of cognitive appraisals relevant for consumer behaviour.
Q5) Compare and contrast the different types of involvement.
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Chapter 6: Personality, Lifestyles, and the Self-Concept
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which technique combines data on consumer expenditures and socioeconomic variables with geographic information in order to identify commonalities in consumption patterns of households in various regions?
A) psychographic
B) multi-trait
C) VALS
D) geodemographic
Q2) In the psychoanalytic approach to personality, which principle implies that the ego seeks to satisfy the id within the constraints of society?
A) pleasure
B) reality
C) egotistical
D) motivation
Q3) Personality is made up of all the emotions that consumers experience.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Name and describe the eight VALS groups and discuss which one best describes you.
Q5) Explain self-congruency theory and its relevance to consumer behaviour.
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Chapter 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the ATO approach, attitudes are formed holistically across a number of attributes, with poor ratings on one attribute being offset by higher ratings on another attribute. Which term refers to this approach?
A) holistic model
B) compensatory model
C) hierarchical model
D) subjective model
Q2) What two routes to persuasion are proposed in the elaboration likelihood model?
A) primary and secondary
B) belief-based and affect-based
C) central and peripheral
D) cognitive and affective
Q3) The matchup hypothesis states that a source feature is most effective when it is matched with relevant products.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The behavioural intentions model is sometimes referred to as the ATO model.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Consumer Culture
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the physical characteristics that describe the physical environment and habitat of a particular place?
A) terrestrial factors
B) environmental factors
C) external factors
D) ecological factors
Q2) Ethnocentrism is highly related to the concept of uncertainty avoidance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Refer to Walmart Scenario. In the United States, Walmart's incentive system encourages employees to stand out among their peers and rewards them for doing so. This has worked well in the United States because the U.S. scores high on individualism as a CSV. In which other country would this incentive system work well?
A) Australia
B) Brazil
C) Russia
D) Pakistan
Q4) Define core societal values (CSV) and discuss any three described inChapter 8.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Microcultures
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127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Holly is 42 years old, married with two children, and works as a nurse. What variables are being used to describe Holly in this example?
A) psychographic
B) demographic
C) concrete
D) primary
Q2) A cohort is a group of people who have lived the same major experiences in their life.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Where are declining birth rates having an impact on consumer behaviour?
A) India
B) United States
C) Bangladesh
D) Nigeria
Q4) Culture is hierarchical.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the four major cultural, microcultural, and demographic trends affecting consumer behaviour.
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Chapter 10: Group and Interpersonal Influence
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe social networking websites and discuss how they may influence your behaviour.
Q2) Refer to Wedding Scenario. Janice was mortified at her mother's suggestion to wear her pink prom dress. With respect to group influence, which individual difference variable is Janice high one?
A) susceptibility to interpersonal influence
B) separateness-connectedness
C) consumer socialization
D) social network influence
Q3) Zack is a teenager at a party with his friends who are drinking, and they are insisting that he drinks as well. What is Zack experiencing?
A) peer pressure
B) expert power
C) peer persuasion
D) coercive persuasion
Q4) Innovators are more often risk takers and financially well-off.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Consumers in Situations
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Around 2:00 in the afternoon, Jay gets tired and takes a nap. Which concept explains why Jay's energy level varies with the time of day?
A) circadian cycle
B) sleep-wake cycle
C) seasonality cycle
D) lunar cycle
Q2) The term situational factors is sometimes used to refer to situational characteristics related to time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the concept of advertiming and describe the best time to advertise the following products:??
(a) Swimming pools.
(b) Beer.
(c) Nasal spray.
(d) Cereal.
(e) School supplies
Q4) Explain how value varies with situations.
Q5) List the dimensions that impact the quality of an environment.
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Chapter 12: Decision Making I: Need Recognition and Search
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While most young adults would like to own a Porsche automobile, which is very expensive, which type of risk is likely preventing them from purchasing one?
A) financial
B) social
C) performance
D) safety
Q2) Initial search includes the retrieval of knowledge about products, services, and experiences that are stored in memory.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which index is used by retailers to measure the incremental sales that occur when a product is on display?
A) incremental sales
B) brand-consumption
C) brand-equity
D) brand-lift
Q4) List the activities in the consumer decision-making process and explain why these activities are not referred to as steps.
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Chapter 13: Decision Making II: Alternative Evaluation and Choice
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Not all evaluative criteria are equally important.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What part of the evaluative criteria is a better picture quality of a high-definition television?
A) element
B) feature
C) criterion
D) benefit
Q3) Which term refers to a characteristic that allows a consumer to diagnose something distinctive about an alternative?
A) diagnostic
B) underlying attribute
C) signal
D) determinator
Q4) Which term describes the perceived relationship between attributes of products?
A) branded variants
B) brand equivalency
C) attribute correlation
D) attribute equivalency
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Chapter 14: Consumption to Satisfaction
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consumers may experience other types of emotions besides satisfaction after consumption.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is consumer satisfaction and how does it differ from other important consumer behaviour concepts?
Q3) A consumer went to a store and the price that rang up when she was checking out was higher than the price that was advertised on the shelf. This is the third time that this has happened to this consumer in this store. According to attribution theory, which element will cause her to likely expect this to happen again?
A) locus
B) repetition
C) experience
D) stability
Q4) What is the most commonly accepted theory of consumer satisfaction?
A) attribution
B) balance
C) expectancy/disconfirmation
D) satisfaction/dissatisfaction
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Chapter 15: Consumer Relationships
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Competitive intensity refers to the resources allocated to one brand from among the set of competing brands.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the characteristic of relationship quality in which a buyer and seller can depend on each other?
A) competence
B) communication
C) trust
D) equity
Q3) Which type of behaviour occurs when a consumer actively seeks out someone to share an opinion with regarding a negative consumption event?
A) complaining
B) disconfirming
C) switching
D) anti-loyalty
Q4) Loyalty is a postconsumption affective reaction.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Marketing Ethics and Consumer Misbehaviour
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175 Verified Questions
175 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why do consumers misbehave? Discuss three of the several reasons given in the textbook.
Q2) Will was stuck behind a slow driver on the interstate. He started tailgating her very closely, and when he had the chance, he swerved into the right lane and sped around her. As he passed by, he shouted obscenities at her and was shaking his fist in the air. Then he floored it and swerved in and out of lanes to get around other cars. Which type of behaviour did Will exhibit?
A) dysfunctional driving
B) binge driving
C) road rage
D) retaliatory vengeance
Q3) John has been caught three times stealing things from a local Walmart. He admitted to police that he has stolen over $5,000 from the store, but when asked why he did it he said it was a compulsion. What would suggest that this is a case of kleptomania?
A) amount stolen
B) target of the theft
C) number of times it occurred
D) rationale behind the theft
Q4) What role does value play in consumer misbehaviour?
Page 18
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