Introduction to Management
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Management provides students with a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts, principles, and functions that underpin effective management in organizations. The course explores key topics such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, along with contemporary issues like organizational culture, decision-making, communication, and change management. Through real-world case studies, discussions, and interactive assignments, students will develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills essential for future leadership roles in diverse business environments.
Recommended Textbook
Management 6th Asia Pacific Edition by John
R. Schermerhorn Jr
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Changing World of Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sustainable development includes all the following activities,except:
A) using materials that can be effectively recycled
B) conducting energy and water audits and reducing energy use
C) providing employees with flexible working conditions
D) working proactively with suppliers and customers on issues such as reducing the amount of packaging required
E) a clear focus on the short term.
Answer: E
Q2) Explain how the concept of flexibility is consistent with both the new management paradigm and the learning organisation.
Answer: The new management paradigm recognises that change and volatility will be common problems facing the organisation of tomorrow.Due to this commonality of change,organisations must continually reinvent themselves to become learning organisations.Flexibility allows organisations to respond to problems in more efficient and effective ways.
Q3) The ______________________ (two words)role decides who gets resources,and set priorities for resource use in the organisation.
Answer: resource allocator
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3
Chapter 2: The Evolution of Management Thinking
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Q1) Each of the following is a characteristic of Theory X,except:
A) The average human being has an intense dislike of work and will avoid it if possible.
B) The average human learns, under proper conditions, not only to accept but also to seek responsibility.
C) Workers must be coerced, controlled, directed or threatened with punishment to get them to work to the required level.
D) Workers prefer to be directed and wish to avoid responsibility.
Answer: B
Q2) Define the terms 'systems thinking','system','subsystems','synergy'.
Answer: Systems thinking: An extension of the humanistic perspective that describes organisations as open systems that are characterised by entropy synergy and subsystem interdependence.
System: A set of interrelated parts that function as a whole to achieve a common purpose.
Subsystems: Parts of a system that depend on one another for their functioning. Synergy: The concept that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
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Chapter 3: The Environment and Corporate Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)_______________ (two words)involves a strategic alliance or program by two or more organisations.
Answer: joint venture
Q2) The _______________ culture uses an internal focus and a consistency orientation for a stable environment.
Answer: consistency
Q3) Define what is meant by the term 'organisational ecosystem'.Use an example from the Internet to illustrate your answer.
Answer: From the text, the student should be able to define the following: An organisational ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction among a community of organisations in the environment. An ecosystem includes organisations in all the sectors of the task and general environments that provide the resource and information transactions, flows and linkages necessary for an organisation to thrive. The text uses Apple as example of an organisational ecosystem students would be expected to describe a different type of organisational ecosystem from a simple search of the Internet.
Q4) A(n)_____________________________________ (two words)includes the elements within the organisation's boundaries. Answer: internal environment
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Chapter 4: Managing in a Global Environment
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Q1) The exchange rate is the rate at which the average household income of one country is compared with the average household income of another country.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ____________ is an entry strategy in which an organisation in one country makes certain resources available to organisations in other countries in order to participate in the production and sale of its products abroad.
A) Franchising
B) Licensing
C) Exporting
D) Greenfield venture
E) Joint venture
Q3) List three examples of a 'political risk'.
Q4) A low-context culture emphasises the importance of communication as a way to build personal relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the four stages of globalisation.
Q6) List the key factors in the economic,legal/political and sociocultural contexts.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Ethics,Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly explain the justice approach to ethics and then explain the three types of justice.
Q2) When everyone is pursuing self-direction,the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest.This is an example of:
A) utilitarian approach
B) individualism approach
C) moral-justice approach
D) justice approach
E) social responsibility.
Q3) ____________________ argues that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible.
A) Distributive justice
B) Compensatory justice
C) Procedural justice
D) Retributive justice
E) All of these choices.
Q4) Identify and define the activities that require performance measurement in triple bottom line reporting.Use examples to illustrate your answer.
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Chapter 6: Managing Start-Ups and New Ventures
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Q1) A(n)____________ is an unincorporated business owned by two or more people.
A) partnership
B) proprietorship
C) corporation
D) association
E) co-existence
Q2) A _________________ is an unincorporated business carried on by two or more people together,for the purpose of making a profit.
Q3) Managers must tailor their planning,organising,leading and controlling to fit:
A) the current stage of growth
B) financial needs
C) inventory levels
D) the number of orders to be filled
E) their comfort level.
Q4) During the _________________________ (two words)stage,the business has made substantial financial gains,but it may start to lose the advantages of small size,including flexibility and the entrepreneurial spirit.
Q5) A ____________________ (two words)is an unincorporated business owned by an individual,carried on for profit.
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Chapter 7: Organisational Planning and Goal Setting
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Q1) Define the new planning paradigm and explain the rationale behind it.
Q2) A group of planning specialists developing plans for the organisation as a whole is defined as decentralised planning.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In terms of improving one's fitness,"joining the local gym by August 31 of this year" would satisfy the 'challenging but realistic' requirement of a SMART goal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Planning to develop and achieve a set of goals that are unlikely to be repeated in the future is known as a(n):
A) operational plans
B) tactical plans
C) strategic plans
D) standing plan
E) single-use plan.
Q5) An organisation's mission describes its reason for existence. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Strategy Formulation and Implementation
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Q1) Tassie Terminal Technology has a number of strategic business units.Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry.According to the BCG matrix,the hand-held computer business would be classified as:
A) a dog
B) a star
C) a question mark
D) a cash cow
E) Not enough information to decide.
Q2) The planning and decision making that lead to the establishment of the organisation's goals and of a specific strategic plan is known as:
A) strategy formulation
B) strategy implementation
C) strategy coordination
D) strategy control
E) SWOT.
Q3) Globalisation refers to the worldwide standardisation of product design and advertising.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Managerial Decision Making
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Q1) A decision is a process of identifying problems and opportunities and then resolving them.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ____________________ means that a decision has clear-cut goals and that good information is available,but the future outcomes associated with each alternative are subject to chance.
Q3) The term ambiguity refers to situations where managers know what they wish to achieve,but information about any alternatives and future events is incomplete.
A)True
B)False
Q4) John is collecting information about on how well Tassie Tours has done since their new competitor entered the market.John is in what stage of the managerial decision making process?
A) The generation of alternatives
B) Implementation of the chosen alternative
C) Evaluation and feedback
D) Recognition of the decision requirement
E) Selection of desired alternative
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Chapter 10: Designing Organisation Structure
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Q1) Vipac Engineers and Scientists Ltd are Australian consultants specialising in a broad range of technology areas,with offices throughout Asia and development laboratories in Australia.According to the text,this company has adopted a __________ structure.
A) product-orientated
B) divisional
C) regimental
D) horizontal matrix
E) team-based
Q2) At Sicey's Salmon Products in Sydney,departments are grouped together into separate self-contained groups based on common products and product lines.This is an example of departmental approach.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the____________________ (two words),departments are grouped together into separate,self-contained divisions based on a common product,program or geographical region.Diverse skills rather than similar skills are the basis of departmentalisation.
Q4) Identify and explain the three characteristics of 'authority'.
Q5) List the advantages and disadvantages of team-based structure.
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Chapter 11: Managing Change and Innovation
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Q1) In the unfreezing step,participants must be prepared to experiment with new workplace behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Encouraging the flow of ideas from functional levels of the organisation and making sure they are considered by executives is known as the bottom-up approach to innovation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ____________________ is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organisation.
Q4) List the three innovation strategies for new products and technologies.
Q5) Organisational development can help managers address problems such as merger/acquisitions,conflict management and __________.
A) cultural changes
B) force field analysis
C) organisational productivity
D) organisational decline/revitalisation
E) None of these choices.
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Chapter 12: Managing Human Resourcess
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these means using computers and telecommunications equipment to do work without going to an office?
A) Telecommuting
B) Social networking
C) New social contract
D) Outsourcing
E) Realistic job preview
Q2) List the methods for undertaking performance appraisal in the workplace.
Q3) Recruiting activities can be divided into (1)internal recruiting including 'promote from within' policies and (2)external recruiting including the use of headhunters.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The interview serves as a one-way communication channel that allows both the organisation and the applicant to collect information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the purpose of the selection process and identify four of the most frequently used selection devices.
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Chapter 13: Managing Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first step in achieving cultural competence within an organisational setting is to:
A) strengthen top management commitment
B) demand results and revisit goals continually
C) choose solutions to fit a balanced strategy
D) uncover diversity problems in the organisation
E) maintain momentum to change the culture positively.
Q2) The opt-out trend refers to the situation whereby women and minorities prefer resigning their positions than dealing with the inherent bias against them in the workplace.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Better use of employee talent,increased understanding of the marketplace and increased quality of problem-solving are considered to be _____________________ (four words).
Q4) A mature sustainability strategy has a lot in common with a mature approach to diversity management.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the five steps needed to achieve cultural competence.
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Chapter 14: Individual Behaviour in Organisations
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Q1) The degree to which a person is sociable,talkative,assertive and comfortable with interpersonal relationships is known as the extent to which someone is:
A) agreeable
B) conscientious
C) emotionally stable
D) open to experience
E) extroverted.
Q2) A positive attitude towards one's job refers to:
A) organisational citizenship
B) job satisfaction
C) cognitive dissonance
D) organisational commitment
E) job involvement.
Q3) Define perceptual selectivity.Briefly explain the characteristics of the stimuli and the perceiver that affect this process.
Q4) _________________________ is the belief that power and status differences should exist within the organisation.
Q5) List the potential perceptual distortions they can lead to errors perception.
Q6) List the three steps in the perception process.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person that is unpretentious and modest rather than arrogant and proud is said to have high levels of humility.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The type of leader behaviour to describe the extent to which leaders are sensitive to employees,respect their ideas and feelings,and establish mutual trust is known as:
A) democratic leadership
B) initiating structure
C) consideration
D) task-oriented leadership
E) None of these choices.
Q3) _____________________ is the strategy used by a leader who strives to create goodwill and favourable impressions amongst followers.
A) Using rational persuasion
B) Being assertive
C) Relying on the wall of reciprocity
D) Developing allies
E) Making people like you
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Chapter 16: Motivating Employees
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Q1) According to Herzberg's two-factor theory,the opposite of satisfied is __________________ (two words)
Q2) The assumption that positively reinforced behaviour tends to be repeated,and under reinforced or negatively reinforced behaviour tends to be inhibited is known as 'reinforcement'.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Provide examples of motivating factors and hygiene factors according to Herzberg's two-factor theory.
Q4) Briefly explain expectancy theory.
Q5) List the five types of need according to Maslow's hierarchy.
Q6) List the three needs according to McClelland's acquired needs theory.
Q7) Factors that involve the presence or absence of job satisfiers,such as recognition for effort and opportunities for growth,are known as ___________________ (two words).
Q8) In David McClelland's acquired needs theory,what are the three acquired needs most commonly discussed,and which is/are not dependent on relationships with other people?
Q9) List the four content theories discussed in your text.
Q10) Define the terms 'goal specificity','goal difficulty' and 'goal acceptance'. Page 18
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Chapter 17: Communication in Organisations
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Q1) Which of these is described by the text as a communication channel that flows within the chain of command or task responsibility defined by the organisation?
A) Formal communication
B) Horizontal communication
C) Downward communication
D) Upward communication
E) Diagonal communication
Q2) The key elements of communication include:
A) message, circuit and decoding
B) encoding, noise and symbols
C) encoding, message and feedback
D) feedback, message and perception
E) feedback, circuit and perception.
Q3) __________________ (two words)relates to the acquisition and cultivation of personal relationships that cross departmental,hierarchical and even organisational boundaries.
Q4) What is downward communication and what are five topics generally included with downward communication?
Q5) List the characteristics of an effective listener.
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Chapter 18: Leading Teams
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Q1) One of the distinguishing features between a team and a group is that a group has a specific vision or purpose.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some team members are asked to play a dual role.These members:
A) engage in two sets of behaviours: initiation and energise
B) perform both roles: task specialist and socio-emotional C) perform both roles: liaison and negotiator
D) engage in two sets of behaviour: follow and compromise
E) None of these choices.
Q3) A temporary team or committee formed to solve a specific short-term problem (often involving several departments within the organisation)is called a ____________________(two words).
Q4) During the ____________________ stage of team development,individual personalities emerge.People become more assertive in clarifying their roles and what is expected of them.
Q5) Productive output pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Managerial and Quality Control
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Q1) Any system that aims to better align management activities with the interests of shareholders is known as:
A) effective control
B) principal-agent control
C) corporate governance
D) activity-based control
E) a balanced scorecard.
Q2) An advantage of the bottom-up budgeting process is:
A) its emphasis on hierarchical control
B) top managers control the information flow
C) lower managers are more involved
D) top managers are often not committed to achieving budget targets
E) All of these choices.
Q3) The _____________________ (two words)lists planned investments in major assets such as buildings,trucks and heavy machinery,often involving expenditures over more than a year.
Q4) A zero-based budgeting system is a process that requires a complete justification for every item in the budget.
A)True
B)False
Page 22
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Chapter 20: Managing the Value Chain, Information
Technology and E-Business
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Q1) A __________ is a running Web log that allows an individual to post opinions and ideas on anything from products to management.
A) management system
B) wiki
C) blog
D) vlog
E) peer-to-peer file sharing
Q2) A system that uses advanced technologies,digitally controlled,to allow for adaptation to produce a range of products is known as a digital factory.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A(n)______________________(four words)is a networked information system that collects,processes and provides information about an organisation's entire enterprise - from identification of customer needs and receipt of orders,to distribution of products and receipt of payments.
Q4) Finished goods,work in process and raw materials are three types of normal inventory.
A)True
B)False
23
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Chapter 21: Making Effective Management Happen
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following is a fundamental practice in winning organisations,except:
A) leadership practices
B) people management practices
C) customer focus practices
D) innovation management practices
E) All of these choices are fundamental practices in winning organisations .
Q2) ___________________ is/are the process of assessing and reporting the key performance parameters of the organisation that provides information about the progress towards achieving its goals.
A) Core measurement systems
B) Strategic intent
C) Operating processes
D)Point of differences
E) None of these choices.
Q3) Define the term 'Key performance indicator'.What is the role of the KPI in achieving an organisational goal or strategy?
Q4) According to the resource-based view of the organisation,a specific resource is considered ___________ when it is difficult,impossible or too expensive for competitors to copy.
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