Introduction to Information Technology Question
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Course Introduction
Introduction to Information Technology provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts, tools, and applications that define the modern IT landscape. Students will explore topics such as computer hardware and software, networking, databases, cybersecurity, internet technologies, and the societal impacts of information technology. The course introduces learners to essential IT terminology and practical skills, preparing them to use and manage technology effectively in personal, academic, and professional settings. By the end of the course, students will have a foundational understanding of how information technology supports and drives todays information-based society.
Recommended Textbook
Database Systems Design Implementation and Management 10th Edition by Carlos Coronel
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Database Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____ is used to reveal the meaning of data.
A) Raw facts
B) Knowledge
C) Formatting
D) Information
Answer: D
Q2) A(n)___________________________________ is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database.
Answer: DBMS (database management system)
database management system (DBMS)
database management system
DBMS
Q3) ____ data exist in the format in which they were collected.
A) Structured
B) Semistructured
C) Unstructured
D) Historical
Answer: C
Q4) ____________________ is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning.
Answer: Information
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Chapter 2: Data Models
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ____________________ is the conceptual organization of the entire database as viewed by the database administrator.
Answer: schema
Q2) What do business rules require to be effective?
Answer: To be effective,business rules must be easy to understand and widely disseminated to ensure that every person in the organization shares a common interpretation of the rules.Business rules describe,in simple language,the main and distinguishing characteristics of the data as viewed by the company.
Q3) The hierarchical data model was developed in the ____.
A) 1960s
B) 1970s
C) 1980s
D) 1990s
Answer: A
Q4) In object-oriented terms,a(n)____________________ defines an object's behavior.
Answer: method
Q5) A(n)____________________ is a collection of similar objects with a shared structure and behavior.
Answer: class
4
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Chapter 3: The Relational Database Model
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Sample Questions
Q1) The relational operators have the property of ____________________;that is,the use of relational algebra operators on existing relations (tables)produces new relations.
Answer: closure
Q2) A(n)____________________ key can be described as a superkey without unnecessary attributes.
Answer: candidate
Q3) All primary key entries are unique,and no part of a primary key may be ____.
A) zero
B) a foreign key
C) null
D) a candidate key
Answer: C
Q4) Controlled ____ makes a relational database work.
A) relations
B) logic
C) chaos
D) redundancy
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Entity Relationship (ER)Modeling
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Chen notation,there is no way to represent cardinality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If an employee within an EMPLOYEE entity has a relationship with itself,that relationship is known as a ____ relationship.
A) self
B) self-referring
C) looping
D) recursive
Q3) A(n)____________________ attribute is an attribute that must have a value.
Q4) A ____ attribute can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes.
A) composite
B) simple
C) single-valued
D) multivalued
Q5) The ERD represents the ____ database as viewed by the end user.
A) condensed
B) physical
C) logical
D) conceptual
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Chapter 5: Advanced Data Modeling
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Sample Questions
Q1) An entity cluster is considered "virtual" or "____________________" in the sense that it is not actually an entity in the final ERD.
Q2) The extended entity relationship model (EERM)is sometimes referred to as the ____.
A) entity relationship model
B) enhanced entity relationship model
C) entity clustering relationship model
D) extended entity relationship diagram
Q3) The ____ depicts the arrangement of higher-level entity supertypes (parent entities)and lower-level entity subtypes (child entities).
A) subtype discriminator
B) inheritance
C) specialization hierarchy
D) entity supertype
Q4) What is an entity cluster?
Q5) The property of subtype discriminator enables an entity supertype to inherit the attributes and relationships of the subtype.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Normalization of Database Tables
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Sample Questions
Q1) Data redundancy produces ____.
A) slower lookups
B) robust design
C) efficient storage use
D) data integrity problems
Q2) Improving ____ leads to more flexible queries.
A) atomicity
B) normalization
C) denormalization
D) derived attributes
Q3) A determinant is any attribute whose value determines other values within a column.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to the Data-Modeling Checklist,____________________ should be nouns that are familiar to business and should be short and meaningful,and should document abbreviations,synonyms,and aliases for each entity.
Q5) ____________________ refers to the level of detail represented by the values stored in a table's row.
Q6) A relational table must not contain ____________________ groups.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Introduction to Structured Query Language (SQL)
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Q1) ____________________ words are words used by SQL to perform specific functions.
Q2) The ANSI prescribes a standard SQL-the current fully approved version is known as SQL-07.
A)True
B)False
Q3) U.S.state abbreviations are always two characters,so ____________________(2)is a logical choice for the data type representing a state column.
Q4) The SQL command that lets you permanently save data changes is ____.
A) INSERT
B) SELECT
C) COMMIT
D) UPDATE
Q5) The SQL command that modifies an attribute's values in one or more table's rows is ____.
A) INSERT
B) SELECT
C) COMMIT
D) UPDATE
Q6) In SQL,all ____________________ expressions evaluate to true or false. Page 9
Q7) How do you delete a table from the database? Provide an example.
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Chapter 8: Advanced SQL
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ____________________ statement in SQL combines rows from two queries and returns only the rows that appear in the first set but not in the second.
Q2) The ____ data type is compatible with NUMBER.
A) VARCHAR(15)
B) SMALLINT
C) DATE
D) CHAR(10)
Q3) One of the major advantages of stored procedures is that they can be used to encapsulate and represent business transactions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Stored procedures are executed using the EXEC command.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A(n)____________________ join returns not only the matching rows but also the rows with unmatched attribute values for one or both tables to be joined.
Q6) The IN subquery uses a(n)____________________ operator.
Q7) Describe the characteristics of an Oracle sequence.
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Chapter 9: Database Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) The implementation of ____-produced applications tends to prolong the operational life of systems by making them easier to update and maintain.
A) database
B) network
C) CASE
D) design
Q2) The implementation of the logical design in IBM's DB2 would require that you assign the rights to use the database to a(n)_________________________.
Q3) Because real-world database design is generally done by teams,you should strive to organize the design's major components into ____________________.
Q4) During decentralized design,after the ____ process has been completed,all modules are integrated into one conceptual model.
A) initial
B) verification
C) conceptual
D) logical
Q5) What are the classical approaches to database design?
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Page 12
Chapter 10: Transaction Management and Concurrency Control
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Q1) When using an optimistic approach,a transaction reads the database,executes the needed computations,and makes the updates to a private copy of the database values.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A ____ lock allows concurrent transactions to access different rows of the same table.
A) database-level
B) table-level
C) page-level
D) row-level
Q3) Explain the transaction log.What is its function?
Q4) A(n)____ lock exists when concurrent transactions are granted read access on the basis of a common lock.
A) shared
B) exclusive
C) binary
D) two-phase
Q5) ____________________ can take place at any of the following levels: database,table,page,row,or field.
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Chapter 11: Database Performance Tuning and Query
Optimization
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Sample Questions
Q1) The DBMS ____ the SQL query using the chosen execution plan.
A) parses
B) executes C) fetches
D) processes
Q2) The ____ table space is used to store end-user data.
A) system
B) user data
C) temporary
D) rollback segment
Q3) Describe query optimization and the modes that an optimizer can operate in.
Q4) The DBMS ____ the SQL query and chooses the most efficient access/execution plan.
A) parses
B) executes
C) fetches
D) processes
Q5) ____________________ is another name for table space.
Page 14
Q6) How should storage volumes be allocated for indexes,system,and high-usage tables?
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Page 15
Chapter 12: Distributed Database Management Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Distributed processing does not require a distributed database,and a distributed database does not require distributed processing.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The objective of ____ optimization is to minimize the total cost associated with the execution of a request.
A) data
B) remote
C) transaction
D) query
Q3) ____ fragmentation refers to the division of a relation into attribute subsets.
A) Data
B) Horizontal
C) Vertical
D) Mixed
Q4) The World Wide Web (the Web)is the repository for distributed data.
A)True
B)False
Q5) One of the advantages of a DDBMS is ____________________ operating cost.
Q6) Describe performance transparency and heterogeneity transparency.
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Chapter 13: Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____ splits a table into subsets of rows or columns and places the subsets close to the client computer to improve data access time.
A) Normalization
B) Meta modeling
C) Replication
D) Partitioning
Q2) A(n)______________________________ is an arrangement of computerized tools used to assist managerial decision making within a business.
Q3) ____________________ is a method or process of government.
Q4) MOLAP is a logical choice for companies that already use relational databases for their operational data.
A)True
B)False
Q5) ______________________________ is a collection of concepts,techniques,and processes for the proper identification,definition,and management of data elements within an organization.
Q6) Data ____________________ tools are tools that provide advanced statistical analysis to uncover problems and opportunities hidden within business data.
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Chapter 14: Database Connectivity and Web Technologies
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Q1) ___________________________________ is an application programming interface that allows a Java program to interact with a wide range of data sources (relational databases,tabular data sources,spreadsheets,and text files).
Q2) Each time the end user clicks a hyperlink,the browser generates a(n)____ GET page request that is sent to the designated Web server,using the TCP/IP Internet protocol.
A) HTML
B) browser
C) HTTP
D) API
Q3) What are the main types of objects in the OLE-DB model?
Q4) XML is derived from the _____________________________________________,an international standard for the publication and distribution of highly complex technical documents.
Q5) Microsoft's alternative to Java is ____.
A) Active X
B) JavaScript
C) VBScript
D) Visual C++
Q6) What is a server-side extension?
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Chapter 15: Database Administration and Security
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Sample Questions
Q1) The introduction of a DBMS represents a big change and challenge,and is likely to have a profound impact throughout the organization.
A)True
B)False
Q2) One CASE tool,____________________ Data Modeler by Computer Associates,produces fully documented ER diagrams that can be displayed at different abstraction levels.
Q3) Describe the DBA's managerial role.
Q4) Performance monitoring and ____________________ require much of the DBA's attention and time.These activities are designed to ensure that the DBMS,utilities,and applications maintain satisfactory performance levels.
Q5) Explain conflict and problem resolution as part of the DBA's end-user support services.
Q6) The general coordinator of all DBAs is sometimes known as the ____________________ administrator.
Q7) A security ____________________ is a weakness in a system component that could be exploited to allow unauthorized access or cause service disruptions.
Q8) The most common backup medium has traditionally been ____________________.
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