Introduction to Gerontology Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Gerontology provides a comprehensive overview of the multidisciplinary study of aging and older adulthood. This course examines the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging, exploring how individuals adapt to changes across the lifespan. Topics include demographic trends, the impact of aging on health and wellness, age-related diseases, policy and economic considerations, and the role of family and community support systems. Students will also consider current research and best practices in gerontological care, preparing them to critically assess the challenges and opportunities presented by an aging population.
Recommended Textbook Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging in Canada 2nd Edition by Theris A.
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26 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Determinants of health are the underlying causes of illness and wellness.Which of the following describes the older person who is likely to experience the best overall health and well-being?
A)Resides in assisted-living facility, watches television alone, uses herbal remedies, is underweight
B)Resides alone, was moved to a new city recently by the family for their convenience, has osteoarthritis
C)Has prostate cancer with metastasis to the lungs, is receiving radiation therapy, is wealthy, has a large family
D)Uses a wheelchair, has peripheral arterial disease, attends weekly baseball games with three friends
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following nursing interventions represent a holistic approach to caring for an older person?
A)Performs glucose testing during the weekly worship service
B)Wheels ambulatory adults to exercise when running late
C)Assigns female nurses to older female persons who are Muslim
D)Allows older persons in a nursing home to eat meals alone
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best identifies gerontological nursing?
A)Nurses have only recently become involved in the care of the older person.
B)Gerontological care, while important, is the smallest specialty group within the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA).
C)The purposes of gerontological nursing include promotion of health and support for maximal function.
D)Canadian Nurses Association certification is available only for gerontological nurses in research positions.
Answer: C
Q2) A nursing home executive interviews RNs to fill a full-time position for direct patient care, to maintain the standards of older-person care.Which nurse should the nursing home hire?
A)A nurse from a certified university
B)A certified gerontological nurse
C)A nurse with 15 years of experience
D)A gerontological nurse practitioner
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Communicating With Older Persons
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about forming a group with older persons?
A)Leaders must be prepared for members to fail to show up as a result of illness, death, or other reasons.
B)Groups should include persons with diverse levels of cognitive ability.
C)A group leader who is prone to depression will be better able to empathize with the depression and losses suffered by group members.
D)The evening is a good time for a group to meet.
Answer: A
Q2) Which type of question should the nurse avoid when communicating with an older person who has aphasia?
A)The nurse should avoid questions that validate understanding.
B)The nurse should avoid questions that have open-ended answers.
C)The nurse should avoid questions that require a yes or no answer.
D)The nurse should avoid asking several questions in a series.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Culture, Ethnicity, and Aging
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12 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) When working with an interpreter, which of the following principles should the nurse understand?
A)If the nurse speaks the same language as the patient, then an interpreter is not required.
B)When working with interpreters, the nurse should use technical terms or metaphors in order to help the patient fully understand what is being communicated.
C)A patient's young granddaughter who speaks English fluently would make the best interpreter because she is familiar with and loves the patient.
D)The nurse should face the patient, rather than the interpreter.
Q2) The nurse plans care for an older person who follows the beliefs of the personalistic or magicoreligious system.Which of the following should the nurse consider when planning care?
A)The older person may attribute his illness to voodoo or a hex.
B)Invite the hospital chaplain to speak with the older person.
C)Maintain blood pressure below 120/70 mm Hg.
D)Review principles of the magicoreligious system.
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6
Chapter 5: Nursing Documentation
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 75-year-old adult has been admitted to the surgical unit.You are not assigned to admit the older person; however, you overhear two nurses standing beside the mobile computer in the hallway discussing the admission.Which one of the following outlines rules ensuring privacy for this older person?
A)The Continuing Care Reporting System (CCRS)
B)Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA)
C)Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
D)The Canadian Nurses Association's Code of Ethics
Q2) The same nursing documentation record is used in every unit of a hospital.Why does a hospital use a standardized form for nursing documentation?
A)Standardized documentation helps to provide continuity of care.
B)Standardized documentation assists in maintaining confidentiality.
C)Standardized documentation reduces the number of medication errors.
D)Standardized documentation guarantees excellence of care between units.
Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about documentation?
A)Nurses should keep records of patients' wishes.
B)Patients do not have access to their own medical records.
C)The DARE approach is a complete record of the health status of a patient.
D)The nurse is responsible for completing all of the Minimum Data Set (MDS).
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Biological Theories and Physical Changes of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Decreased functioning of which physical structure is likely to result in decreased metabolism in older persons?
A)Kidney
B)Thyroid gland
C)Brain
D)Skeleton
Q2) Which change in the skin is abnormal in an older person?
A)Thinner and more fragile skin
B)A tear in the skin after being assisted with transferring from the bed
C)Mottled pigmentation and greater number of freckles
D)Loss of hair on the extremities
Q3) During a nursing assessment, an older person tells the nurse about increasing loss of balance.Which patient teaching should the nurse implement to address musculoskeletal reasons for the loss of balance?
A)Exercise with light weights.
B)Stand on one foot at a time.
C)Train with the use of sit-ups.
D)Work out in a swimming pool.
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Chapter 7: Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse at a nursing home wants to help decrease the risk of Alzheimer's disease among the residents.Which of the following should the nurse do to implement this goal?
A)Assist residents with ambulation to meals.
B)Offer beads for the residents to string on yarn.
C)Show movies that the residents choose.
D)Keep the curtains open in the residents' rooms.
Q2) In which context are members of a cohort described when using the age-stratification theory to explain the effect of similar events, conditions, and circumstances?
A)Historical context
B)Biological context
C)Sociological context
D)Chronological context
Q3) Crystallized intelligence consists of:
A)Memories created more than 20 years ago.
B)Knowledge and abilities that the person acquires through education and life.
C)Skills that are biologically determined.
D)Education acquired through post-secondary education.
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Chapter 8: Nutritional Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person who has difficulty using the dominant hand also has a gastrostomy tube.What should the nurse provide to prevent complications of the gastrostomy tube?
A)Use foam swabs to brush teeth.
B)Provide oral care every four hours.
C)Supply a soft toothbrush and floss.
D)Position the older person at 90 degrees for tube feedings.
Q2) An older person who has iron deficiency anemia complains of abdominal pain, fullness, and diarrhea over a period of 24 hours.Which patient data potentially indicate a systemic cause of this individual's constipation?
A)Abdominal pain
B)Feeling of fullness
C)Loose, watery stools
D)Iron deficiency anemia
Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about dental health in older persons?
A)Most people can expect to lose most of their teeth by old age.
B)Excessive saliva production is a common problem among older persons.
C)Functional and cognitive limitations may contribute to poor oral hygiene.
D)A little blood on the toothbrush is normal.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Hydration and Continence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse wants to begin helping an older person who is overweight and has urinary incontinence, with healthy bladder behaviour skills.Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A)Begin low-calorie diet for weight management.
B)Schedule voiding at two- to four-hour intervals.
C)Instruct the older person to practise abdominal exercises.
D)Reduce the time between an urge to void and voiding.
Q2) Which one of the following increases the risk for chronic dehydration in older persons?
A)Overuse of diuretics
B)Poor cognitive function
C)Dry mucous membranes
D)Fluid loss from vomiting
Q3) Which one of the following is part of a program for addressing bowel incontinence in an older person?
A)Place the older person on the toilet or commode first thing upon wakening.
B)Provide a diet containing 2 g of fibre and 1000 mL of water each day.
C)Expect a rapid and full recovery of continence of the bowel.
D)Provide patient teaching about exercises to strengthen abdominal and pelvic floor muscles.
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Chapter 10: Rest, Sleep, and Activity
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are benefits of exercise for nonambulatory older persons?
A)Muscle weakness and atrophy may be reversed.
B)Incontinence problems will be resolved.
C)Memory issues may improve.
D)Ambulation will develop.
Q2) An older female adult maintains an active lifestyle, playing various games with friends.She reports to the nurse that she experiences wakefulness during the night and an inability to fall asleep after waking up at night.Which intervention should the nurse implement to improve the quality of this woman's sleep?
A)Recommend preparation for sleep.
B)Suggest trying a cup of warm milk at bedtime.
C)Inquire about her nightly sleep habits.
D)Propose volunteer work at a thrift shop.
Q3) Which of the following should the nurse recommend as a moderate-intensity exercise for older persons who are ambulatory and in good health?
A)Walk 5 to 6 km in 60 minutes.
B)Work in the garden for 50 minutes.
C)Participate in endurance exercises and increase time gradually.
D)Wash and wax the car for 75 minutes.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet
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15 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about impaired skin integrity?
A)A stage III pressure ulcer can regress to stage II as the subcutaneous tissues regenerate.
B)Stasis ulcer is another term for pressure ulcer.
C)An unstageable wound presents with redness and blistering.
D)Anemia and poor nutritional status correlate with poor healing of pressure ulcers.
Q2) Which of the following is an important consideration regarding the skin of an older person?
A)Generous amounts of soap should be used for cleansing.
B)Sweat glands increase in activity.
C)The skin becomes more vulnerable to damage.
D)The skin becomes darker in unexposed areas.
Q3) An older person has a vitamin C deficiency.Which of the following does the nurse provide to the older person to supply the missing vitamin important for maintaining healthy skin and enhancing tissue repair?
A)Carrot sticks
B)Nonfat milk
C)Orange slices
D)Unsalted nuts
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Maintaining Mobility and Environmental Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is true about assistive devices to aid older persons with impaired mobility?
A)When using a walker, armless chairs provide more ease when moving from sitting to standing.
B)Assistive devices do not contribute to falls and injuries.
C)Older persons should receive assistance in learning how to use the assistive device from a specialist in occupational or physiotherapy.
D)A walker is most useful for unilateral disabilities, but not for bilateral problems.
Q2) After assessing an older male adult in his bed, the nurse determines that he is at high risk for falls.The nurse leaves the room to get a fall risk sign and returns to find him on the floor pleading for help, saying he tried to get out of bed but felt dizzy What is the most important intervention the nurse should have implemented to prevent this event?
A)Call for someone to bring the sign.
B)Show him how to use the call bell.
C)Provide a urinal and drinking water.
D)Assess for postural hypotension.
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14
Chapter 13: Assessment Tools in Gerontological Nursing
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13 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why should a new nurse use a standardized assessment tool?
A)It allows for electronic data collection and analysis.
B)It increases the likelihood of collecting the most accurate data.
C)It is a substitute for possessing refined interviewing skills.
D)It provides an automated means of choosing nursing diagnoses.
Q2) Which of the following does the nurse do when preparing to perform a skilled and detailed assessment of an older person that is not usually required when assessing a younger individual?
A)Provide for adequate privacy.
B)Allow more time for assessing.
C)Gather all needed supplies.
D)Complete the evaluation in one sitting.
Q3) Which tool is used to assess an older person's functional capability?
A)ADL
B)MMSE
C)OBRA
D)FIM
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Chapter 14: Safe Medication Use for Older Persons
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following processes is not increased in the early morning?
A)Fibrinolytic activity
B)Osteoarthritis pain
C)Asthma symptoms
D)Rheumatoid arthritis pain
Q2) The nurse provides instruction about medication safety to older persons.Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
A)Nausea and vomiting are common, harmless medication side effects.
B)Keep a supply of medications at the bedside for convenience.
C)Ask the health care provider to describe the purpose of the medication therapy.
D)Take your daily medications on an empty stomach with water.
Q3) The nurse prepares to administer vancomycin (Vancocin) to an older person.Which laboratory test should the nurse review before administering this medication?
A)Stool culture
B)Serum potassium
C)Creatinine clearance
D)Alkaline phosphatase
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16
Chapter 15: Living With Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is true about rehabilitation and restorative care for older persons?
A)The purpose is to regain specific abilities lost because of a condition.
B)Rehabilitation consists primarily of regular physiotherapy sessions.
C)A person can learn skills and gain abilities that enable functioning.
D)The patient's capabilities are recognized at the time of admission.
Q2) An older male adult who has osteoarthritis tells the nurse that he has experienced fatigue for the past two weeks.Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to help him manage fatigue?
A)Recommend an antidepressant.
B)Help him plan exercise and rest.
C)Plan two or three naps every day.
D)Tell him the fatigue is due to osteoarthritis.
Q3) Which of the following qualities does the nurse need to provide caring?
A)Sensitivity to the needs of other nurses
B)Longing to help others live a healthy life
C)Desire to have a stable career and income
D)Ability to create a trusting environment
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Chapter 16: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person admitted for back surgery asks for opioid pain medication.The nurse knows the patient asks for pain medication 15 minutes before it is due.Which recommendation should the nurse implement?
A)Validate the pain with other assessment data.
B)Administer the pain medication as prescribed.
C)Tell the patient it is too soon for pain medication.
D)Talk the patient into alternative comfort measures.
Q2) The older person is at higher risk for acute psychological pain compared to a younger adult because of which of the following statements about older persons?
A)Older persons have less tolerance for pain.
B)Older persons possess fewer assets.
C)Older persons experience more loss.
D)Older persons live with impairments.
Q3) Which one of the following interventions would provide comfort, reduce anxiety and distress, and alleviate pain?
A)Acupuncture treatments
B)Adjuvant therapy
C)Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
D)Touch
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Diabetes Mellitus
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assists an older male adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve his glucose control.What does the nurse instruct this individual to do when he plans to walk more than usual in one day?
A)Omit antidiabetic medication.
B)Wear sturdy open-toed shoes.
C)Supplement his caloric intake.
D)Prepare to administer insulin.
Q2) An older female adult who has diabetes mellitus takes Glitazone (a thiazolidinedione medication) and tells the nurse that her blood sugars have been higher than normal since she began using a vaginal cream for hot flashes.Which one of the following interventions is the best one for the nurse to implement?
A)Ask if she had a fever or infection recently.
B)Verify the expiration date of the medication.
C)Review her diet for increased carbohydrates.
D)Ascertain if the vaginal cream contains estrogen.
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Chapter 18: Bone and Joint Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) An osteoporosis-related fall necessitated hip-replacement surgery for an older female adult who is entering a rehabilitation facility.Which of the following goals is the nurse's priority during this woman's rehabilitation?
A)Tell the patient to eat whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
B)Recapture the patient's preoperative mobility status.
C)Keep the patient's surgical wound clean and dry.
D)Tell the patient to take two steps into the walker.
Q2) Which one of the following is a suitable nursing intervention for an older person who has gout?
A)Vitamin D 400-1000 international units (IU)
B)Liquid paraffin hand baths and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
C)A diet low in purines
D)Aspirin 500 mg daily
Q3) Which of the following represents characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that are unlike osteoarthritis (OA)?
A)RA involves myalgia and stiffness.
B)RA involves joint pain, and it is curable.
C)RA involves crepitus and instability.
D)RA is systemic and symmetrical.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Visual and Auditory Changes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Management of glaucoma involves medications (oral or topical eye drops) to decrease intraocular pressure (IOP).Which of the following medications would be prescribed to the older person to control and reduce the IOP in acute angle-closure glaucoma?
A)Antihistamines
B)Vasodilators
C)Beta blockers
D)Bronchodilators
Q2) Glaucoma is a major public health problem.It is estimated that 250,000 Canadians were living with glaucoma in 2009.Mr.Gonzalez, 70 years of age, has told the nurse that he is experiencing frequent headaches, poor vision in dimly lit areas, increased sensitivity to glare, "tired eyes," and some impaired peripheral vision, especially when he is driving.Which type of glaucoma is Mr.Gonzalez experiencing?
A)Primary open-angle glaucoma
B)Acute angle-closure glaucoma
C)Low tension glaucoma
D)Normal tension glaucoma
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Chapter 20: Cardio-Vascular and Respiratory Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about heart disease in older persons is true?
A)More women than men die from myocardial infarctions.
B)Cardiac care for men and women is equally aggressive.
C)Cardiac medications have been tested on men and women equally.
D)Women generally receive less aggressive treatment than men do.
Q2) Clinical heart failure (HF) is categorized as left-sided, right-sided, or both-sided (biventricular) failure.Mrs.Poulin, 80 years of age, lives in a long-term care (LTC) facility and has been diagnosed as having Class II mild heart failure.She is comfortable at rest and occasionally dyspneic after completing her own morning care.Which atypical exacerbation of congestive heart failure (CHF) should the nurse be alerted to when caring for Mrs.Poulin?
A)Weight gain of 1 kg in one week
B)Swelling of lower extremities after sitting for two hours
C)Malaise and diminished desire to participate in activities
D)Nonproductive cough
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22
Chapter 21: Cognitive Impairment and Neurological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cerebrovascular disease is manifested as either a stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) or a transient ischemic attack (TIA).Mr.Dickson, 75 years of age, has been admitted to the hospital with an ischemic stroke.Which of the following would be an expected finding in an older person with an ischemic stroke?
A)A sudden explosive, unrelenting headache
B)Decreased level of consciousness
C)Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body
D)A seizure lasting one to two minutes
Q2) Which type of exercise program is better for improving mood and function in older persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD)?
A)A program that helps to improve balance
B)A program that emphasizes walking
C)A self-paced exercise program
D)A program that emphasizes wandering
Q3) An older person who has had a TIA should be assessed for which of the following?
A)Age, race, gender, income
B)Vital signs, speech, gender, race
C)Age, income, coordination, sensation
D)Vital signs, speech, coordination, sensation
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Economic and Legal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult is being abused by his daughter, a single, working mother of four children, with whom he lives.The nurse investigates and learns that the abuse is due to situational stress.Which should the nurse implement to address the short-term crisis?
A)Remove him from his daughter's home immediately.
B)Encourage the daughter to work with social services.
C)Arrange respite care or day care for the patient.
D)Place the patient in a long-term care facility.
Q2) Social security retirement income programs are designed to minimize the chances of retirees and older people living in poverty in Canada.Which of the following individuals over the age of 65 years would encounter the most challenges in accessing the social security retirement income programs, which include Old Age Security (OAS), Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS), Allowance for the Survivor, and the Canada Pension Plan (CPP)?
A)Mrs.Perez, who has been living in Canada for eight years as a sponsored immigrant
B)Ms.Soznicki, who has been a common-law partner for ten years
C)Mrs.Haas, who is the widow of an old age security pensioner
D)Mr.Naipal, who has been a same-sex partner for 15 years
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Page 24
Chapter 23: Relationships, Roles, and Transitions
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Q1) The community health nurse delivers a program about retirement planning to middle-aged adults, and wants to them to choose the year of their retirement.On which of the following areas should participants focus to ease their transition into retirement?
A)The kind of legacy they want to leave behind
B)The type of setting they prefer for their personal residence
C)The location of convenient health care services
D)The ability to maintain a stable standard of living
Q2) Which statement is true about the relationships of older persons?
A)Loneliness is evidence of self-centredness and unwillingness to love.
B)A person may be lonely even when surrounded by other people.
C)Hostile behaviour indicates that a person prefers to be left alone.
D)A pet cannot substitute for human attention.
Q3) What is the most important element for older persons to have to enhance their transition into retirement?
A)Good health
B)A private pension
C)A registered retirement savings plan (RRSP)
D)Preretirement planning
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Chapter 24: Mental Health and Wellness in Later Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements made by an older person should a nurse consider as a signal for a gambling addiction?
A)"I have an overwhelming sense of being out of control of my life and destiny."
B)"Someone is stealing my things."
C)"I cannot account for blocks of time in my day."
D)"My wife died six months ago and I have nothing left to live for."
Q2) An older female adult fell at home while trying to get to the bathroom in time to prevent urinary leakage.What is the priority nursing intervention to prevent patient injury at home in the future?
A)Discharge the patient to home while she is attending an alcohol prevention program.
B)Perform a home safety inspection to identify modifiable safety hazards.
C)Instruct the patient on pelvic floor exercises and other incontinence strategies.
D)Explore and assess for depression, alcohol abuse, and physiological contributors to falls.
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Chapter 25: Loss, Death, and Palliative Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary difference between the Loss Response Model (LRM) and the Worden model of grief is which of the following?
A)In the Worden model, those grieving pass through stages in order.
B)The LRM uses a systems approach that acts to uphold stability.
C)In the Worden model, the system helps to maintain the equilibrium.
D)In the LRM model, those grieving transition through several stages.
Q2) Which of the following characteristics is associated with acute grief?
A)Waves of grief or distressing emotion
B)Prolonged inability to sleep after a loss
C)Exacerbations of grief on specific dates
D)Change in attitude toward the future loss
Q3) The health care provider feels that an older female adult has about six weeks to live.After two months, the family remains at the bedside but, in the last few days, they have become increasingly impatient and irritable.This pattern is least indicative of which of the following statements?
A)The family is experiencing anticipatory grief for the older person.
B)The family desires that the patient be relieved of her misery.
C)Anticipatory grieving can fail to attenuate acute grief upon death.
D)Grievers deal more easily with known losses at known times.
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Page 27
Chapter 26: Care Across the Continuum
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Q1) Nurses are concerned with assessing the impact of relocation on older persons, and determining methods to mitigate any negative reactions.Which characteristic of relocation stress syndrome in a resident being transferred from acute care to a long-term care facility should the nurse be aware of?
A)Agitation
B)Feelings of loss of control
C)Presence of a caring family
D)Hallucinations
Q2) A family is touring selected long-term care homes in preparation for their mother's future.Which qualities of a nursing home should the family include if they decide on a person-centred nursing home?
A)Staff members cover all nursing units.
B)Residents choose stimulating activities.
C)Group activities are scheduled on the hour.
D)There is a hospital environment that assures families of excellent care.
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