Introduction to Environmental Studies
Test Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Environmental Studies provides an overview of the fundamental concepts, issues, and approaches within the field of environmental studies. This course examines the complex interactions between humans and the environment, exploring topics such as ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution, climate change, resource management, environmental policy, and sustainability. Through the integration of scientific, social, and ethical perspectives, students gain a holistic understanding of environmental challenges and the strategies used to address them at local, national, and global levels. The course aims to foster critical thinking and informed decision-making for creating a more sustainable future.
Recommended Textbook
Scientific American Environmental Science For A Changing World 3rd Edition by Susan Karr
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Chapter 1: environmental Literacy and Sustainability
Lessons From a Vanished Society
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Q1) Potential trade-offs to reforestation efforts do NOT include:
A)high cost.
B)water shortages.
C)fragmentation of habitats.
D)less land for agriculture.
E)All of these answers are potential trade-offs to reforestation efforts.
Answer: E
Q2) What is biomimicry?
A)cloning technologies and equipment that allow scientists to re-create photosynthetic bacteria in laboratory settings
B)re-creating natural ecosystems in areas where severe deforestation has occurred
C)turning natural ecosystems into scientific experiment sites to help scientists better understand their functioning
D)the process of collecting data from various ecosystems
E)the use of nature as a model for our own systems
Answer: E
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Chapter 2: Science Literacy and the Process of Science
Fungal Attacker Threatens North American Bats
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Q1) In the following example,what is the independent variable? Hypothesis: Mice on a restricted low-caloric diet will live longer than mice that can eat as much as they want.
Experiment: A large population of genetically identical mice is divided into two groups.Half receive as much food as they care to eat each day.The other half receive 20% less food than a typical mouse eats each day.The day of death (lifespan)is recorded for all mice.All mice live in the same room,in the same type of cage,with access to water.
A)amount of food available
B)volume of water available
C)genetically identical mice
D)happiness of each mouse
E)lifespan of each mouse
Answer: A
Q2) Describe the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory.
Answer: A hypothesis is a possible explanation for what we have observed that is based on some previous knowledge.A scientific theory is a widely accepted explanation of a natural phenomenon that has been extensively and rigorously tested scientifically.
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Chapter 3: Information Literacy and Toxicology Lead in the Water
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Q1) What is TRUE of lead?
A)It is a synthetic chemical.
B)It is safe for humans at low levels.
C)The lead in the water in Flint,Michigan,came from pollutants in the river.
D)Lead was used in various products,including paint and water pipes.
Answer: A
Q2) When both lead and arsenic are given to mice,dopamine decreases by ______.
A)40%
B)20%
C)25%
D)17%
Answer: C
Q3) In risk assessment,why is it not possible to carefully weigh all of the risks and benefits associated with a new chemical?
A)insufficient funding
B)not enough people power available
C)unknown synergistic interactions with other chemicals
D)the need for the chemical to be available immediately
E)All of these answers are correct.
Answer: E
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Ecosystems and Nutrient Cycling Engineering
Earth
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Q1) Refer to Infographic 1.Use the infographic to describe examples of considerations scientists had to take into account when planning Biosphere 2.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a way humans disrupt the carbon cycle?
A)deforestation
B)using excessive fertilizers
C)burning fossil fuels
D)burning forests to clear land
Q3) Which type of scientist best matches the area he or she would study?
A)botanist-various ecosystems within a tundra biome
B)ecologist-individual animals or plants
C)zoologist-plant community in a tropical rainforest
D)ecologist-ecosystems and the interactions between organisms and their surroundings
Q4) The biome that exists across the widest range of mean annual precipitation is the:
A)temperate forest
B)tundra
C)tropical rainforest
D)tesert
Q5) If no new matter enters the system,how can Earth continue to exist?
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Chapter 5: Population Ecology Gray Wolves Return to Yellowstone
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Q1) Human populations have exceeded the natural carrying capacity of the Earth.Pick the factor(s)that allows us to increase the carrying capacity for humanity.
A)fossil fuel-based agriculture
B)advancements in healthcare
C)habitat destruction
D)biotechnology
E)all of these answer choices are correct
Q2) What is one negative effect of a low-density population?
A)competition for resources
B)quick spreading of disease
C)inbreeding
D)increased fighting
Q3) Early in the colonization of a new habitat,a population will show _____________,shifting to _____________ as the density of the population increases.
A)resistance; biotic potential
B)exponential growth; logistic growth
C)logistic growth; exponential growth
D)biotic potential; overshoot
E)exponential growth; logistic growth.
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Chapter 6: Community Ecology the Florida Everglades: a
Community in Cris
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Q1) Which species would you often find in areas of primary succession?
A)grasses
B)shrubs
C)moss
D)trees
E)herbs
Q2) In terms of energy transfer,why can't trophic levels be in the shape of an inverted pyramid,that is,more quaternary consumers and fewer producers?
Q3) Interspecific competition can be seen in the __________________.
A)oxpecker feeding on ticks from the zebra
B)lions fighting over their prey
C)giraffe and the elephant drinking from the same watering hole
D)giraffe feeding on tree leaves and the impala feeding on grasses
Q4) Human impact has reduced the original Everglades by approximately
A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%
E)90%
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Chapter 7: evolution and Extinction a Tropical Murder
Mystery
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Q1) Which event may lead two populations to undergo speciation?
A)habitat fragmentation
B)food availability
C)new predators
D)isolation
E)All of these events may lead to speciation.
Q2) Which is likely not an example of coevolution?
A)A moth that has a long tongue reaches the nectar of a flower that is housed in a long tube.
B)A tree trunk growing thicker and stronger prevents breakage from hurricane-force winds.
C)A caterpillar develops resistance to a toxin produced by its main plant food source.
D)A mollusk develops a thick shell to avoid predation by a crab with strong pinchers.
Q3) You have noticed in your greenhouse that your plants are covered by a pest,so you decide to apply a chemical pesticide.The first time you spray the pesticide,90% of the pests are eliminated,but you have noticed that subsequent spraying of the pesticide has resulted in a smaller reduction of the pest population.What is happening in the pest population?
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Chapter 8: Biodiversity Palm Oil Plantations Threaten
Tropical Forests
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Q1) Take what you know about biodiversity and climate change.Which ecosystem do you think would be more resistant to the effects of climate change (to a point): one with a high level of biodiversity or one with a low level of biodiversity? Explain your answer.
Q2) Which groupings of organisms are ordered from most diverse to least diverse?
A)plants > fungi > bacteria > insects > vertebrates
B)insects > plants > fungi > vertebrates > bacteria
C)fungi > insects > bacteria > vertebrates > plants
D)insects > vertebrates > plants > fungi > bacteria
E)bacteria > insects > plants > fungi > vertebrates
Q3) While hiking,you spot a Hawaiian duck,a bird only found in Hawaii.This makes it
A)extinct
B)endemic
C)extirpated
Q4) How do palm oil plantations,a lucrative business,still decrease ecosystem services of the local ecosystems?
Q5) If an extirpated species is extinct in only one particular location,is this important or does the fact that it still exists in other places make the extinction not a big deal?
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Chapter 9: Preserving Biodiversity a Forest Without Elephants
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Q1) What is a keystone species?
A)only threatened species
B)a species that impacts the community more than its numbers would predict C)species that have gone extinct
D)a species that is poached
E)only forest species
Q2) In contrast to single-species conservation,ecosystem conservation ___________.
A)focuses only on species of financial interest to humans
B)uses measures such as species richness and evenness to guide conservation efforts C)uses genetically modified organisms (GMOs)to increase the health of an ecosystem
D)affects only the health of indicator species of an ecosystem
E)focuses only on species with a low population number
Q3) How much of Earth's total land area is protected to some degree?
A)7%
B)13%
C)28%
D)48%
E)62%
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Chapter 10: Human Populations the Kerala Model
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Q1) Today,the United States and France each exhibit an aging population.Why is this such a concern for demographers?
A)Too many babies are being born.
B)People are dying earlier.
C)More people are retiring with fewer younger people to support them.
D)There isn't enough housing for the people.
E)The aging population is producing more waste than younger people.
Q2) The change in population size over time is known as ________.
A)population momentum
B)crude birth rate
C)life expectancy
D)population growth rate
E)total fertility rate
Q3) To control population growth,leaders in China and India have tried ____.
A)prohibiting families from having more than one child
B)forced sterilization for men
C)forced sterilization for women
D)fines and penalties
E)All of these answer choices have been tried.
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Chapter 11: Urbanization and Sustainable Communities
Creating Green Cities
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Q1) Which of the following are reasons urban areas are environmentally unfriendly?
A)importation of food and exportation of waste
B)traffic congestion
C)sewage overflow
D)both traffic congestion and sewage overflow
E)importation of food and exportation of waste,traffic congestion,and sewage overflow
Q2) Which of the following can we do to help prevent suburban sprawl?
A)maintain open and agricultural land
B)establish urban growth boundaries
C)implement infill
D)build up rather than out
E)All of these answers are correct.
Q3) What of the following is NOT a LEED rating for sustainable buildings?
A)silver
B)gold
C)platinum
D)bronze
E)standard
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Chapter 12: Environmental Health Eradicating a Parasitic Nightmare
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Q1) A zoonotic disease is one that ___________.
A)occurs in zoos and other artificial environments
B)can spread between one infected animal to another,but cannot be spread to humans
C)can spread between infected animals and humans
D)is an emerging infectious disease
E)is caused by environmental changes that are usually caused by humans
Q2) Why is the health of the natural environment one of the biggest influences on human health hazards?
Q3) Why is it important to get affected community buy-in when trying to reduce environmental health hazards (or any kind of hazard,for that matter)?
Q4) How might washing your hands lead to a human health threat?
Q5) How might poor water quality be a result of all the variable types of a population-that is,cultural and social factors,economic stability or instability,and environmental factors?
Q6) Why does urbanization sometimes lead to an increased incidence of waterborne pathogen infections?
Q7) Why do you think 75% of all emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic?
Page 14
Q8) Why is the eradication of Guinea worm disease (GWD)possible?
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Chapter 13: ecological Economics and Consumption Wall to
Wall, Cradle to Cradle
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of an external cost?
A)a federal tax that is placed on a product sold by a business
B)a fee a company pays to have its product shipped internationally
C)health costs stemming from the hazardous wastes produced during the making of a product
D)the extra money a business pays to make its products or services sustainable
E)labor
Q2) Which statement is correct?
A)Traditional economics discounts short-term benefits and costs more than it does long-term ones.
B)Natural and human resources are infinite.
C)In a circular system,models of production follow a linear sequence.
D)Linear systems are sustainable in business and economic models.
E)Mainstream economics assumes that economic growth will increase forever.
Q3) While placing a monetary value on ecosystem services can help us to understand that ecosystems provide us with valuable services,critics say that it is dangerous to put a price on ecosystem services.What are the limitations of such valuation of ecosystems?
Q4) What is a circular system? How could an automatic car wash become more cyclical in a circular system?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: environmental Policy the World Tackles Ozone
Depletion
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Q1) A(n)_____________ problem is one that extends across state and national boundaries.
A)transboundary
B)environmental
C)adaptive
D)national
E)political
Q2) Describe how command and control regulation could be used to decrease gasoline usage in automobiles.How could incentive-based regulation be used to accomplish the same task?
Q3) As president of a country that relies significantly on income from whaling,you are concerned about declining whale populations.Several other countries are considered whaling countries.What can be done to help ensure sustainable whaling into the future?
Q4) The EPA and other agencies such as the USDA are administered by the
A)legislative branch
B)executive branch
C)judicial branch
D)both legislative branch and executive branch
E)legislative branch,executive branch,and judicial branch
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Chapter 15: managing Solid Waste a Plastic Surf
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Q1) Currently,53% of our waste is put into landfills.According to the EPA,which of the following shows available waste management techniques in order of most preferred to least preferred?
A)recycling/compost,incineration with energy capture,source reduction/reuse,landfilling
B)source reduction/reuse,recycling/composting,incineration with energy capture,landfilling
C)landfilling,recycling/composting,incineration with energy capture,source reduction/reuse
D)source reduction/reuse,incineration with energy capture,recycling/composting,incineration without energy capture
E)recycling/composting,source reduction/reuse,landfilling
Q2) Many states in the United States have take-back laws which require manufacturers to take back some of their products (such as computers)after consumers have finished with them.How does this encourage companies to rethink their product design?
Q3) What everyday changes can you make to reduce the amount of waste you produce?
Q4) Waste that is not disposed of correctly may end up in the oceans.How can we reduce the amount of waste that ends up in the oceans?
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Chapter 16: Freshwater Resources Toilet to Tap
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Q1) How much less water do newer Energy Star washing machines use compared with older models?
A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%
E)90%
Q2) Out of all of the water on Earth,how much is usable by humans?
A)50%
B)10%
C)5%
D)1%
E)less than 1%
Q3) How do traditional wastewater treatment plants differ from wastewater treatment plants that mimic nature?
Q4) To conserve the most water,people should eat less A)corn.
B)bread.
C)pork. D)beef.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Water Pollution Suffocating the Gulf
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Q1) What can trigger the process of eutrophication?
A)hot water discharged into a body of water
B)an excess of nutrients discharged into the water
C)oil rigs operating in the ocean
D)too many fish in a body of water
E)too much dissolved oxygen in the water
Q2) Discuss some ways that human alteration of watersheds has affected the quality of surface water and the quantity of groundwater.
Q3) What do drainage pipes drain off farms?
A)water
B)phosphorus
C)nitrogen
D)both water and nitrogen
E)water,phosphorus,and nitrogen
Q4) What is a dead zone?
A)waters so depleted of oxygen that aquatic life suffers
B)waters too hot for aquatic life to survive
C)water too salty for humans to drink
D)an area of water with high densities of plastic
E)water with any nutrients in it
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Chapter 18: marine Ecosystems Ocean Acidification: the
Other Co2 Problem
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Q1) Organisms use calcium and carbonate to make shells.What is the correct chemical formula for calcium carbonate?
A)Ca<sup>+2</sup>
B)CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>
C)CO<sub>2</sub>
D)CaCO<sub>3</sub>
E)Ca<sup>2</sup>CO<sub>3</sub>
Q2) Why do ecologists consider coral reefs a keystone species?
Q3) What effect do acidic ocean waters have on shells made of calcium carbonate?
A)They cause increased dissolution (dissolving)of calcium carbonate shells.
B)They cause decreased dissolution (dissolving)of calcium carbonate shells.
C)There is no effect on shells made of calcium carbonate.
D)They cause shells to grow at faster rates.
E)They cause shells to overly calcify.
Q4) More than ______ of today's oceans contain at least one invasive species.
A)20%
B)40%
C)50%
D)60%
E)80%
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Chapter 19: Forests Returning Trees to Haiti
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Q1) Which statement is TRUE of selective harvest?
A)Fifty years after harvest,new growth is from the best trees.
B)There are high profits at the initial harvest,then no profits until the forest regrows.
C)The forest can be harvested again in less than 50 years.
D)The best trees are not harvested so that they can reseed the plot.
Q2) You receive a report that a forest fire has started in one of your harvesting areas.Your response is ___________.
A)put it out; it will burn up your profits
B)monitor it and let it burn; it will reduce the flammable material in the understory
Q3) Trees and shrubs that are adapted to shade would be found in which layer of a forest?
A)forest floor
B)understory
C)canopy
D)emergent layer
Q4) Why might forest management be considered a "wicked problem"?
Q5) How does the layering or stratification of forests contribute to overall animal biodiversity?
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Chapter 20: soil Resources and Grasslands Restoring the Range
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Q1) How does a prairie grass access water during a drought?
A)It has many shallow roots covering a large area to reach nearby rivers or streams.
B)It has long deep roots allowing it to reach water supplies.
C)It has long deep roots to hold the soil in place,thus producing a more porous soil.
D)It stays shorter in a drought and thus does not lose as much water through transpiration.
E)Grasses are not adapted to drought,so they usually die.
Q2) Livestock ranchers often reach legal agreements with governments that permit them to use an area of land in a defined manner.These agreements are known as
A)reserves
B)shelter belts
C)rotational grazing permits
D)conservation easements
Q3) How does undergrazing reduce the biodiversity of grasslands?
Q4) What is the purpose of the Conservation Reserve Program,and what are some of the controversies surrounding it?
Q5) Explain why planned grazing is considered to be an approach based on biomimicry.
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Chapter 21: Mineral Resources No Stone Unturned
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Q1) Describe how Mark Hersam's work at Northwestern University helps address both resource scarcity and environmental pollution.
Q2) A mining operation extracts copper ore from the ground.Without access to modern smelters,they dig pits and use them as open-air smelters.They harvest nearby trees for fuel in order to produce the high temperatures required for separating the copper metal from other components of the ore,such as sulfur.Describe some environmental consequences of such an operation.
Q3) Refer to Infographic 1.List five commonly used products that contain mineral resources.
Q4) Replacement of copper wiring with fiber-optic cables is an example of
Q5) List the main steps generally involved in the extraction of rare earth minerals from ore.
Q6) Describe how geologists help determine the location of mineral deposits.
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Chapter 22: Feeding the World a Gene Revolution
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Q1) How could planting Bt corn lead to even more pesticide use?
A)Bt-resistant pests thrive when Bt-susceptible pests are no longer competition,so it takes more pesticide to get rid of them.
B)Bt corn doesn't actually produce Bt-it just means that the plants are Bt resistant-so farmers still have to use the pesticide to rid the corn of pests.
C)Bt corn repels beneficial insects,which usually kill all of the pests,so now farmers must use pesticide.
D)Bt corn actually depends on pesticide use to grow and survive.
E)Bt corn does not lead to more pesticide use,as the Bt toxin produced by the plant is sufficient to kill all natural pests.
Q2) What percentage of the global population was undernourished in 2016?
A)2
B)8
C)13
D)19
E)23
Q3) Why are low-tech farming methods more accessible to female farmers?
Q4) Why are many European countries opposed to the use of GMOs?
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Page 24
Chapter 23: sustainable Agriculture: Raising Crops Farming
Like an Ecosystem
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Q1) What are ways you can personally support sustainable/organic farming techniques and help them become more widely employed?
Q2) Which of the following would NOT be a sustainable agriculture method to reduce soil erosion?
A)reduced tillage
B)contour farming
C)terrace farming
D)cover cropping
E)strip cropping
Q3) Which of the following BEST describes the original farming methods Janis and John were using?
A)sustainable agriculture
B)polyculture
C)agroecology
D)industrial agriculture
Q4) What is organic agriculture? Explain how it is similar to and different from sustainable agriculture,using livestock production as an example.
Q5) What are some potential hazards to using biological methods of pest control?
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Chapter 24: Agriculture: Raising Livestock Can Meat Be Part of a
Healthy, Environmentally Conscious Diet
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Q1) Kim Ferraro says the true price of producing beef should be reflected in the purchasing price of beef.This would include _____.
A)environmental costs
B)costs of air pollution
C)land degradation costs
D)water depletion costs
E)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,CAFOs produce more than _____ of all our animal food and account for _________ of all animal farms.
A)80%; 5%
B)75%; 10%
C)50%; 50%
D)90%; 90%
E)25%; 50%
Q3) Your friend refers to herself as a "meat and potatoes kind of girl." That was the way she was raised.How could you describe to her the benefits to both the environment and to her personal health of a more plant-based diet with reduced meat consumption?
Q4) List and describe several ethical issues involved with raising animals in CAFOs.
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Chapter 25: Fisheries and Aquaculture Fish in a Warehouse
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Q1) Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Developing countries are dependent on fish as a source of protein as well as revenue.
B)More than half of all fish sold in the global market comes from developing countries.
C)Fish make up the single biggest developing-country export.
D)More than 200 million people around the world earn their living in the fishing industry.
E)None-all of these statements are true.
Q2) The ability to spawn,hatch,and raise fish to adulthood in a laboratory setting is known as ________.
A)an ocean-based aquaculture system
B)genetic engineering
C)hormone-free aquaculture
D)aquapod aquaculture
E)a recirculating aquaculture system
Q3) Many countries have exclusive economic zones (EEZs).How are these EEZs supposed to protect fish populations,and what are the problems with EEZs?
Q4) How is aquaculture similar to a tree plantation?
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Chapter 26: coal Bringing Down the Mountain
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Q1) What is a major drawback of clean coal technologies?
A)They produce their own toxic byproducts.
B)They increase coal's EROEI.
C)They decrease coal's EROEI.
D)They both produce their own toxic byproducts and increase coal's EROEI.
E)They both produce their own toxic byproducts and decrease coal's EROEI.
Q2) What is a common criticism of mountaintop removal mine reclamation?
A)The evidence suggests that the original native species will never recolonize the reclaimed site.
B)The artificial channels do not host the same amount of biodiversity as the natural streams.
C)The Appalachian Mountains are a region of extremely high biodiversity,and the reclaimed sites will not recover similar levels of diversity.
D)All of these answers are correct.
E)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) What are some of the hazards associated with coal mining?
Q4) Even though coal is produced by natural processes of the Earth,why is it classified as a nonrenewable resource?
Q5) What are the benefits of using coal as an energy source?
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Chapter 27: Oil and Natural Gas the Bakken Oil Boom
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which area leads the world in fracking recovery of oil and natural gas?
A)United States
B)Canada
C)Middle East
D)South America
E)Europe
Q2) When an oil well is first drilled,what is the primary recovery method?
A)natural pressure
B)pumpjack
C)water injection
D)steam injection
E)CO<sub>2</sub> injection
Q3) Explain why it is difficult to determine how long oil reserves will last.
Q4) The Middle East holds approximately _______ of the world's oil reserves.
A)1/4
B)1/3
C)1/2
D)2/3
E)3/4
Q5) What are the stages in the production of oil after a new well is drilled?
Page 29
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Chapter 28: Air Pollution the Youngest Scientists
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are two anthropogenic sources of outdoor air pollution? What are two natural sources of outdoor air pollution? Also list at least two of the major primary pollutants associated with these sources.
Q2) Paints can release _______ while drying,and one way to prevent these pollutants from accumulating indoors is by _________.
A)VOCs; providing good ventilation
B)chlorine; using a HEPA filter
C)particulates; using low VOC paints
D)toxic chemicals; removing your shoes while painting
E)radon; limiting the use of carpets
Q3) Compare and contrast the health risks associated with indoor air pollution in developed versus developing countries.
Q4) Which of the following is a source of indoor air pollution?
A)mold
B)dust mites
C)radon
D)cigarette smoke
E)All of these answers are correct.
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Chapter 29: global Climate Change Climate Refugees
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Q1) Describe adaptation strategies for any three of the following potential impacts of climate change: health,crop productivity,coastal erosion and flooding,biodiversity losses,drought,and fire risk.
Q2) Data show temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> levels are related to one another.What does this look like?
A)As temperatures rise,CO<sub>2</sub> levels also rise.
B)As temperatures rise,CO<sub>2</sub> levels drop.
C)As temperatures drop,CO<sub>2</sub> levels rise.
D)As temperatures rise,there is no effect on CO<sub>2</sub> levels.
E)We do not have enough data to say what kind of relationship there is between temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> levels.
Q3) Species have responded to global climate change in various ways.Which of the following is an example of how species have responded?
A)shifting ranges
B)earlier blooming
C)migrating to higher altitudes
D)hatching earlier
E)all of these answers
Q4) Explain how clouds can participate in both positive and negative feedback loops.
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Chapter 30: Nuclear Power the Future of Fukushima
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Q1) Compared with coal-fired plants,nuclear power plants are more
A)likely to release particulates and gases
B)susceptible to natural disasters
C)likely to explode
D)likely to pollute the water
E)likely to cause an enhanced greenhouse effect
Q2) What is the correct order of the states from the GREATEST percent of electricity generated by nuclear power to the LEAST percent generated?
A)Texas,South Carolina,Alabama,Nebraska
B)South Carolina,Washington,Nebraska,Texas
C)South Carolina,Nebraska,Alabama,Texas
D)Washington,Nebraska,Alabama,South Carolina
E)Alabama,Nebraska,Texas,Washington
Q3) Which state leads in electricity generation by nuclear energy?
A)Texas
B)South Carolina
C)Alabama
D)Washington
E)Nebraska
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Chapter 31: Sun, Wind, Water, and Earth Energy Fueled by the Sun
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Q1) Which energy sources will see the biggest increases as costs decline for the technologies?
A)wind and hydropower
B)wind and solar
C)solar and geothermal
D)solar and hydropower
E)hydropower and geothermal
Q2) Explain why wind and water energy sources are considered an indirect form of solar energy.
Q3) Switching from incandescent bulbs to compact fluorescents (CFL)provides a twofold benefit during the summer.Why?
A)CFL bulbs use less energy.
B)Incandescent bulbs produce excess heat.
C)CFL bulbs produce excess heat.
D)Both CFL bulbs use less energy and incandescent bulbs product excess heat.
E)Both incandescent bulbs and CFL bulbs produce excess heat.
Q4) How is electricity produced in a dry steam geothermal power plant?
Q5) What areas are BEST suited for geothermal energy production,and why?
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Q6) What is needed in order for a community like Samsø to switch to a greener lifestyle?
Chapter 32: Biofuels Gas From Grass
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Q1) Concerned about rising gas prices,the need for energy security,and greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion,you set out to find a plant species that could serve as a biofuel.What characteristics are you looking for in such a plant?
Q2) __________ are defined as solids,liquids,or gases that produce energy from biological material.
A)Biosources
B)Biomaterials
C)Biofuels
D)Biopowers
Q3) Which of the following is a waste that can be used to produce biofuel?
A)used fryer oil from restaurants
B)manure
C)crop residues
D)animal fats
E)All of these answers are correct.
Q4) What is biowaste? Describe the benefits of converting waste into energy.
Q5) What has recently become an attractive alternative to using grains (corn)or sugarcane to make bioethanol? Briefly describe what sources are used and why its production efficiency is currently an issue.
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