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Introduction to Electronics provides students with a foundational understanding of electronic components, circuits, and systems. The course covers basic concepts such as voltage, current, resistance, and Ohms Law, along with the operation and characteristics of fundamental devices like resistors, capacitors, diodes, and transistors. Students will learn how to analyze and construct simple analog and digital circuits, interpret circuit diagrams, and utilize measurement instruments such as multimeters and oscilloscopes. By blending theoretical principles with hands-on laboratory experiences, this course prepares students for more advanced studies in electrical engineering and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Electronic Principles 8th Edition by Albert Paul Malvino Dr
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Q1) Thevenin voltage is defined as the voltage across the load terminals when
A) the voltage source is removed.
B) the load resistor is open.
C) the load resistor is shorted.
D) the voltage source is shorted.
Answer: B
Q2) The term stiff voltage source refers to a voltage source with a load resistance which is
A) times larger than the source resistance.
B) 100 times larger than the source resistance.
C) equal to the source resistance.
D) 100 times smaller than the source resistance.
Answer: B
Q3) When can the source resistance be ignored?
A) when it is at least 100 times smaller than the load resistance
B) when it is at least 10 times smaller than the load resistance
C) when it is equal to the load resistance
D) never
Answer: A
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Q1) A doped semiconductor is called an intrinsic semiconductor.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The valence electron is referred to as a free electron.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Reverse bias is achieved when the negative source terminal is connected to the n-type material,and the positive terminal is connected to the p-type material.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Current flows easily in a forward-biased diode.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Q1) A diode is a nonlinear device because thegraph of its current versus voltage is
A) a straight line.
B) not a straight line.
C) inversely proportional to the resistance.
D) exponential.
Answer: B
Q2) The letter Q is an abbreviation for quiescent,which means at rest.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The maximum forward current is one of the maximum ratings given on a data sheet.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) When graphing the diode,the greater the slope of the diode curve
A) the smaller the bulk resistance.
B) the greater the bulk resistance.
C) the smaller the forward current.
D) the lower the power dissipated.
Answer: A

Page 5
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Q1) What type of filters are configured using resistors,inductors,and capacitors connected between the rectifier and the load resistance?
A) active
B) passive
C) operational amplifier
D) IC
Q2) What type of power supply circuit is used in high-voltage and low-current devices such as an oscilloscope or computer monitor?
A) clamper
B) clipper
C) half-wave rectifier
D) voltage multiplier
Q3) Commercial transformers are not ideal because they produce
A) alternating current.
B) filtered dc.
C) power losses.
D) power gains.
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Q1) A device which is optimized for its sensitivity to light and has a window that lets light pass through the package to the junction is a
A) tunnel diode.
B) photodiode.
C) light-emitting diode.
D) incandescent bulb.
Q2) Which of the following is not an advantage of a light-emitting diode (LED)?
A) low voltage
B) long life
C) fast on-off switching
D) cost
Q3) A zener diode is a silicon diode that operates in the breakdown region.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A varactor is often connected in parallel with an inductor to form a A) bridge rectifier.
B) tunnel oscillator.
C) parallel resonant circuit.
D) parallelogram.
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Q1) Data sheet entries that allow a designer to work out the case temperature for different heat sinks are called ________.
A) thermal resistances
B) thermal shocks
C) reverse breakdown resistances
D) negative resistances
Q2) Generally,power transistors can dissipate
A) less than 1 W.
B) more than 1 W.
C) more than 100 W.
D) less than 1 mW.
Q3) The emitter of a bipolar junction transistor is lightly doped and the base is heavily doped.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The power rating of a transistor can be increased by using a heat sink.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) What type transistor is used when the electronics equipment has a negative power supply?
A) field effect
B) small-signal
C) npn
D) pnp
Q2) With a pnp transistor,the base-emitter junction will be forward biased
A) when the emitter voltage is 0.7 V above the base voltage.
B) when the emitter voltage is 0.7 V below the base voltage.
C) when the transistor is in cut-off.
D) when the collector voltage is 0.7 V above the base voltage.
Q3) Whenever you have a circuit with npn transistors,you can often use the same circuit with pnp transistors and
A) a negative power supply.
B) and an ac source.
C) a positive power supply.
D) a floating ground.
Q4) Emitter-feedback bias is also called self-bias.
A)True
B)False

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Q1) When all components are simultaneously created and connected on a piece of semiconductor material,it is referred to as what kind of circuit?
A) discrete
B) integrated
C) chat
D) protection
Q2) The stretching and compressing of alternate half cycles at the output of a transistor amplifier is called ________.
A) oscillation
B) amplification
C) distortion
D) extortion
Q3) The ac current gain equals the ac collector current divided by the ac base current.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Coupling capacitors can be approximated as dc shorts.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) One of the major differences between the CB amplifier and other amplifier configurations is its
A) low input impedance.
B) low output impedance.
C) high input impedance.
D) input and output phase difference.
Q2) The amplifier configuration in which the input signal drives the emitter and the output signal is taken from the collector is the
A) common collector.
B) common emitter.
C) common base.
D) emitter follower.
Q3) Used with a zener diode,an emitter follower can produce regulated output voltages with much larger currents.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A multistage amplifier can be created by cascading two or more filter circuits.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) The type of amplifier coupling that uses inductive action is ________.
A) direct
B) capacitive
C) transformer
D) transistor
Q2) The efficiency of a power amplifier is equal to the
A) ac output power divided by the dc input power.
B) ac output power divided by the ac input power.
C) dc output power divided by the dc input power.
D) dc output power divided by the ac input power.
Q3) In a well-designed large-signal amplifier,we get a maximum peak-to-peak unclipped output which is referred to as
A) ac output compliance.
B) dc output compliance.
C) peak compliance.
D) complementary compliance.
Q4) A power amplifier produces output power ranging from a few hundred milliwatts up to hundreds of watts.
A)True
B)False

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Q1) The JFET is a voltage-controlled device because an input voltage controls an output current.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the equivalent and modern unit for mho?
A) ohm
B) farad
C) siemen
D) henry
Q3) A JFET analog switch operates either in the ohmic region or in the cutoff region.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which amplifying device is preferred for most linear applications?
A) FET
B) BJT
C) triode
D) magnetron
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Q1) When the gate voltage is zero,the E-MOSFET is
A) off.
B) on.
C) in saturation.
D) biased in the active region.
Q2) When two bipolar junction transistors are connected in parallel,the transistor with the lower V<sub>BE</sub> takes more collector current than the others in a condition known as
A) current matching.
B) current draining.
C) current hogging.
D) current flowing.
Q3) The E-MOSFET is primarily a switching device.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Data is a term that refers to numbers,text,graphics,and all other information that can be coded as binary numbers.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) A transistor circuit that can remain in an open or closed state indefinitely is called A) an amplifier.
B) a multiplexer.
C) a latch.
D) UJT.
Q2) The operation of a thyristor involves positive feedback.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A four layer pnpn device used to produce trigger pulses and sawtooth waveforms is A) a UJT.
B) an SCR.
C) an IGBT.
D) a PUT.
Q4) A gate voltage can turn an SCR on and off.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) What type of circuit rolls off voltage gain and prevents an op amp from oscillating?
A) attenuator
B) RC lead
C) RC lag
D) LC lag
Q2) A fast and simple method to test the frequency response of an amplifier is
A) by using sine-wave testing.
B) by using square-wave testing.
C) by measuring dc voltages.
D) by measuring resistance values.
Q3) Most amplifiers are now being built using A) BJTs.
B) MOSFETs.
C) power amps.
D) op amps.
Q4) In music,the word octave refers to eight times the frequency.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) When the noninverting and inverting input voltages of a differential amp are present,the output voltage equals the voltage gain times the difference of the two input voltages.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In an op amp,the difference of the dc currents is called the
A) input offset current.
B) input bias current.
C) difference current.
D) dc mean current.
Q3) The three op amp data sheet characteristics that designers use when accurate answers are required are input bias current,input offset current,and input offset voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A diff amp is sometimes called a long-tail pair because the two transistors share a common collector resistor.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) Many manufacturers' data sheets refer to the unity-gain frequency as the
A) gain-bandwidth product.
B) frequency of one.
C) gain of one.
D) cutoff.
Q2) The unity-gain frequency of an op amp is the frequency at which the voltage gain equals 100.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is added to some op amps in order to prevent oscillations?
A) external compensating capacitor.
B) external zener diode.
C) external potentiometer.
D) external constant current source.
Q4) The 741C op amp has an open-loop voltage gain of approximately ________.
A) 200
B) 2000
C) 20,000
D) 200,000
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Q1) A transconductance amplifier is another name for the
A) voltage-controlled voltage source.
B) current-controlled voltage source.
C) voltage-controlled current source.
D) current-controlled current source.
Q2) A current-controlled current source has a
A) very low input impedance and a very high output impedance.
B) very high input impedance and a very low output impedance.
C) very high input impedance and a very high output impedance.
D) very low input impedance and a very low output impedance.
Q3) Which negative feedback amplifier is considered an almost perfect current-to-voltage converter because it has zero input impedance and zero output impedance?
A) current-controlled voltage source
B) voltage-controlled voltage source
C) transconductance amplifier
D) current-controlled current source
Q4) The input to a negative-feedback amplifier can only be a voltage.
A)True
B)False

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Q1) The LED that converts current into light is an example of A) a transformer.
B) an input transducer.
C) an output transducer.
D) a converter.
Q2) A voltage reference is a circuit that produces an extremely accurate and stable output voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When a power transistor with a higher current gain and rating than an op amp is used to get more short-circuit output current,it is referred to as
A) a constant current source.
B) a power amp.
C) a current booster.
D) a short-circuit amp.
Q4) Advantages of a noninverting op amp circuit include stable voltage gain,high input impedance,and low output impedance.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) In terms of damping,the Butterworth response is
A) critically damped.
B) underdamped.
C) overdamped.
D) not damped.
Q2) Filters built with resistors,capacitors,and inductors are referred to as ________.
A) first-order
B) passive
C) active
D) notch
Q3) A method used to correct for limited GBW is ________.
A) attenuation
B) damping
C) predistortion
D) multiple-feedback
Q4) With a constant input voltage,attenuation is the output voltage at any frequency divided by the output voltage in the midband.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) Detecting the leading and trailing edges of a rectangular pulse or producing a rectangular output from a ramp input are applications of what circuit?
A) integrator
B) comparator
C) differentiator
D) oscillator
Q2) In order to prevent an op amp differentiator from oscillating
A) a very small resistance is added to the input.
B) a very large resistance is added to the input.
C) a bypass capacitor is added to the output.
Q3) The input voltage of a comparator that causes the output voltage to switch states from low to high or vice versa is called the
A) gate signal.
B) trigger.
C) clamp point.
D) trip point.
Q4) The trip point of a comparator is located in the center of the linear region.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) When the 555 timer is used with only one stable state,it is referred to as
A) a monostable multivibrator.
B) an astable multivibrator.
C) a free running multivibrator.
D) a bi-stable multivibrator.
Q2) When PWM is used in communications,what is the low-frequency signal such as voice or computer data called that is capacitively coupled to the 555 timer?
A) carrier
B) modulating signal
C) pulse-width signal
D) FM
Q3) When using an FET oscillator,the loading effect on the tank circuit is much less than with a bipolar transistor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The capacitive or link coupling loading effect is kept as high as possible to ensure an undistorted sinusoidal output.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) Thermal shutdown means an IC regulator will shut itself off when the internal temperature drops below a certain level.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A short-circuit protection circuit used with IC voltage regulators can be configured using
A) a slow-blow fuse.
B) current-sensing resistors and switching transistors.
C) capacitors and MOSFETs.
D) RLC filters.
Q3) The most widely used IC regulators are those with how many pins?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 14
Q4) A zener diode is what type regulator?
A) shunt
B) series
C) boost
D) buck
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