Introduction to Electrocardiography Exam Review
Course Introduction
Introduction to Electrocardiography provides students with a foundational understanding of the principles and clinical applications of electrocardiograms (ECGs or EKGs). The course covers the physiological basis of cardiac electrical activity, the technique for proper ECG lead placement, and the interpretation of normal and abnormal ECG patterns. Students will learn to identify common arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and other cardiac conditions through systematic ECG analysis. Emphasis is placed on correlating ECG findings with underlying cardiac pathologies and on developing basic competency in ECG interpretation for clinical and diagnostic purposes.
Recommended Textbook
ECGs Made Easy 5th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert
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10 Chapters
515 Verified Questions
515 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/400
2
Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/6999
Sample Questions
Q1) The right atrium receives blood low in oxygen from three vessels.Name them. Answer: Superior vena cava,inferior vena cava,and coronary sinus
Q2) _____ is the period of relaxation during which a heart chamber is filling.
Answer: Diastole
Q3) The _____ are the heart chambers that receive blood. Answer: atria
Q4) Blood flows from the right atrium through the _____ valve into the right ventricle. A) mitral
B) aortic
C) pulmonic
D) tricuspid
Answer: D
Q5) The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the _____ _____ _____ (which carries blood from the head and upper extremities),the _____ _____ _____ (which carries blood from the lower body),and the _____ _____ (which receives blood from the intracardiac circulation).
Answer: superior vena cava; inferior vena cava; coronary sinus
Q6) The _____ are the heart chambers that pump blood. Answer: ventricles
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Basic Electrophysiology
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The QRS complex represents _____ depolarization.
A)Electrolyte
B)Voltmeter
C)Chemical
D)Ectopic
E)Reciprocal changes
F)Atrial
G)Indicative changes
H)Amplitude
I)Repolarization
J)Supranormal
K)Ventricular
L)Reentry
M)Positive
N)Augmented
Answer: K
Q2) A line between waveforms is called a(n)_____. Answer: segment
Q3) An ECG lead that has a positive and negative electrode is called a(n)_____ lead. Answer: bipolar
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Chapter 3: Sinus Mechanisms
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rate of a sinus bradycardia is _____ beats/min.
A) slower than 60
B) 60 to 100
C) 80 to 120
D) faster than 100
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following may cause a sinus bradycardia?
A) Stress or anxiety
B) Increased sympathetic tone
C) Fever
D) Hypothermia
Answer: D
Q3) The rate of sinus tachycardia is _____ beats/min.
A) slower than 60
B) 40 to 80
C) 60 to 100
D) faster than 100
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: Atrial Rhythms
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An accessory pathway that has one end attached to normal conductive tissue is called a(n)_____ _____.
Q2) Which of the following correctly describes multifocal atrial tachycardia?
A) Atrial rhythm is regular.
B) Ventricular rhythm is irregular.
C) Atrial and ventricular rhythms are regular.
D) Atrial and ventricular rhythms are irregular.
Q3) Atrial fibrillation is characterized by _____.
A) one P wave before each QRS and a regular ventricular rate of 60 to 100 beats/min
B) an erratic,wavy baseline and irregular ventricular rhythm
C) "saw-tooth"- or "picket-fence"-shaped waveforms preceding each QRS
D) P waves occurring before,during,or after the QRS complex; when seen,they are inverted
Q4) PACs associated with a wide QRS complex are called _____ _____ PACs,indicating that conduction through the ventricles is abnormal.
Q5) Individuals with preexcitation syndrome are predisposed to tachydysrhythmias.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Junctional Rhythms
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Complete the following ECG criteria for a junctional escape rhythm: Rlythm_____________________________________________
P waves_______________________________________________
PR interval________________________________________________
QRS duration____________________________________________________
Q2) A(n)_____ pause often follows a PJC and represents the delay during which the SA node resets its rhythm for the next beat.
Q3) If seen,the P wave of a rhythm originating in the AV junction will appear _____ in lead II.
A) upright
B) inverted
C) tall and peaked
D) wide and notched
Q4) The atrioventricular (AV)junction consists of the _____.
A) SA and AV nodes
B) AV node and the Purkinje fibers
C) AV node and nonbranching portion of the bundle of His
D) AV node,bundle of His,and the right and left bundle branches
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Chapter 6: Ventricular Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes an accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)?
A) Rapid,chaotic rhythm with no pattern or regularity
B) Gradual alteration in the amplitude and direction of the QRS; atrial rate indiscernible,ventricular rate 150 to 250 beats/min
C) Regular ventricular rhythm with QRS complexes measuring 0.10 seconds or less; P waves may occur before,during or after the QRS; ventricular rate 41 to 60 beats/min
D) Essentially regular ventricular rhythm with QRS complexes measuring 0.12 seconds or greater; atrial rate not discernible; ventricular rate 41 to 100 beats/min
Q2) Complete the following ECG criteria for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia:
Q3) List four common causes of premature ventricular complexes.
Q4) List four reasons why the ventricles may assume responsibility for pacing the heart.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Heart Blocks
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 2:1 AV block,the PR interval _____.
A) shortens
B) lengthens
C) is absent
D) remains constant
Q2) Indicate the ECG criteria for the following dysrhythmias.
\(\begin{array}{lccc}
& \text { Second-Degree AV Block Type I } & \text { Third-Degree AV Block } \\
\text { Ventricular } \\
\text { Rhythm } & ----------& ---------- \\
\text { PR interval } & ----------& ---------- \\
\text { QRS width } & ----------& ---------- \\
\end{array}\)
Q3) An ECG rhythm strip shows a regular ventricular rhythm at a rate of 30 beats/min,more P waves than QRS complexes (the P waves occur regularly),a variable PR interval,and a QRS duration of 0.14 seconds.This rhythm is _____.
A) 2:1 AV block
B) third-degree AV block
C) second-degree AV block type I
D) second-degree AV block type II
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Chapter 8: Pacemaker Rhythms
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your patient has a DDD pacemaker.Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
Q2) A demand pacemaker is also known as a _____ pacemaker.
Q3) The second letter of the pacemaker identification code represents _____.
A) programmable functions
B) the chamber sensed
C) the mode of response
D) the chamber paced
Q4) A(n)_____ _____ is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the artificial pacemaker has discharged.
Q5) Your patient has a VVI pacemaker.Briefly explain the meaning of each of these letters.
Q6) The first letter of the pacemaker identification code represents _____.
A) the chamber sensed
B) the chamber paced
C) the mode of response
D) programmable functions
Q7) Explain the difference between electrical capture and mechanical capture.
Page 10
Q8) Describe what is meant by the term overdrive pacing.
Q9) Explain the benefits of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
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Chapter 9: Introduction to the 12-Lead ECG
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36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anterior or lateral wall myocardial infarctions are most often a result of an occlusion of the _____ coronary artery.
A) left
B) right
Q2) Indicative ECG changes observed in leads V<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>3</sub>,and V<sub>4</sub> suggest that the _____ wall of the _____ ventricle is affected.
A) posterior; right
B) anteroseptal; left
C) inferolateral; left
D) anterolateral; right
Q3) The axes of leads I,II,and III form an equilateral triangle with the heart at the center (Einthoven's triangle).If the augmented limb leads are added to this configuration and the axes of the six leads moved in a way in which they bisect each other,the result is the _____ _____ _____.
Q4) The coronary arteries originate at the base of the _____.
Q5) When reviewing a 12-lead ECG,intervals and duration are usually expressed in _____.
Q6) Explain the meaning of the letters in aVR,aVL,and aVF.
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Post-Test
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sometimes,when a premature atrial complex (PAC)occurs very prematurely and close to the T wave of the preceding beat,only a P wave may be seen with no QRS after it (appearing as a pause).This type of PAC is termed a(n)_____ PAC.
Q2) Which of the following leads are anatomically contiguous?
A) II,V<sub>2</sub>
B) II,III,V<sub>3</sub>
C) I,V<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>4</sub>
D) V<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>4</sub>
Q3) Atrial fibrillation is characterized by _____.
A) an erratic,wavy baseline and irregular ventricular rhythm
B) "saw-tooth"- or "picket-fence"-shaped waveforms preceding each QRS
C) one P wave before each QRS and a regular ventricular rate of 60 to 100 beats/min
D) P waves occurring before,during,or after the QRS complex; when seen,they are inverted
Q4) A(n)_____ _____ occurs as a result of an electrical impulse from a supraventricular site (such as the SA node)discharging at the same time as an ectopic site in the ventricles.
Q5) Explain the meaning of the letters in aVR,aVL,and aVF.
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