Introduction to Educational Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Educational Psychology explores the fundamental principles and theories related to how people learn and develop within educational settings. The course examines key topics such as cognitive and behavioral learning theories, motivation, individual differences, assessment, classroom management, and the impact of social and cultural factors on learning. By understanding these psychological concepts, students will gain insight into effective teaching strategies, learner diversity, and the creation of positive learning environments, providing a strong foundation for those pursuing careers in education or related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Educational Psychology 6th Canadian Edition by Anita Woolfolk
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15 Chapters
1286 Verified Questions
1286 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Learning, teaching, and Educational Psychology
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Theories explain and predict all occurrences in a given field.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which is usually established first?
A)theory
B)principle
C)scientific explanation
D)consistent findings
Answer: D
Q3) Compared to experimental studies,descriptive studies are usually conducted in settings that are more realistic.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The type of research that attempts to record what happens in classrooms without attempting to manipulate any variables is called ________ research.
Answer: descriptive
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Cognitive Development and Language
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Guided participation in the classroom is an example of ________ learning. Answer: assisted
Q2) Vygotsky's view of cognitive development differs from Piaget's in the importance and emphasis placed on a person's A)experience.
B)genetic factors.
C)interpersonal interactions.
D)private speech.
Answer: C
Q3) Define Vygotsky's zone of proximal development and explain how it relates to the problem of matching cognitive stages with instructional strategies.
Answer: The zone of proximal development is the point when a child can master a task if given appropriate help and support.It suggests that students should have to reach a bit to understand,with the necessary support of parents,teachers,and peers.Such support is called scaffolding.Vygotsky's ideas suggest that students should be guided by explanations,demonstrations,and cooperative learning within their zone of proximal development.Use of private speech should also be encouraged in order to help organize thinking.
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4
Chapter 3: Self and Social and Moral Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adolescents who fail to develop a strong identity are likely to experience ________. Answer: role confusion
Q2) Three important influences on the development of moral behaviour are internalization,self-concept,and ________.
Answer: modelling
Q3) Jerry has become active with a group working to save America's topsoil.He believes that steps must be taken to prevent food shortages 100 years from now.George's situation represents Erikson's concern for A)generativity.
B)integrity.
C)isolation.
D)self-absorption.
Answer: A
Q4) Ethnic heritage and pride are especially important influences on self-esteem.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q5) Situations in which people must make difficult decisions are called ________. Answer: moral dilemmas
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Chapter 4: Learner Differences and Learning Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Curriculum compacting is a strategy recommended for students with developmental delays.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Intelligence scores are computed today as deviation IQs rather than ratio scores.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An "oral" approach to communicating with children who have hearing impairments is speech reading.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Students who tend to be motivated by rewards and external standards take a ________-processing approach to learning.
Q5) Current beliefs about teaching the gifted
A)clearly favor acceleration over enrichment.
B)clearly favor enrichment over acceleration.
C)view both acceleration and enrichment as beneficial.
D)view neither acceleration nor enrichment as beneficial.
Q6) Cerebral palsy is commonly characterized by overly tense muscles or ________.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Language, language Diversity, and Immigrant Education
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25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on bilingualism suggests that
A)the division of students into separate English classes according to the primary language is desirable.
B)learning a second language interferes with use of the first language.
C)the more skilled the individual is in the first language,the faster he/she will learn a second language.
D)the more skilled the individual is in the first language,the slower he/she will learn a second language.
Q2) Which one of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Contemporary educational psychologists reject the cultural deficit model.
B)Researchers have just started to investigate the cultural deficit model in the United States during the past five years.
C)The cultural deficit model is useful for designing bilingual education programs.
D)Educational psychologists today rely upon the cultural deficit model to understand student achievement.
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Chapter 6: Culture and Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aboriginal communities have increasingly moved towards full responsibility for the education of their children in their communities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Believing that all people from a particular country are friendly would be an example of prejudice that could be considered positive.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The knowledge,rules,traditions,and attitudes that guide behaviour in a particular group of people represent the ________ of that group.
Q4) Technically,the term "minority group" refers to a group of people who are smaller in number than the dominant or "majority" group.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Gender discrimination practices in classrooms foster _________.
Q6) One explanation for the lower achievement of low-SES students is that they experience _______ in which they are assigned to "low-ability" or "general" classes.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Behavioural Views of Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mr.Matin interviews a student about her disruptive behaviour to learn about her reasons for the behaviour.This approach is an example of doing functional behavioural assessment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) During math lessons,Ms.Olson continually observed Jim reading stories from his English anthology.She has probably found
A)a short attention span to be a problem for Jim.
B)an effective reinforcer for Jim.
C)that her lessons are too hard for Jim.
D)that Jim dislikes authority figures.
Q3) Which one of the following is a major advantage of task analysis?
A)Allows for creativity in student responses.
B)Describes the sequence of skills leading to a goal.
C)Reduces the need for expository presentations.
D)Requires only minimal time to use.
Q4) The association between a stimulus and a response that occur together is the basis for ________ learning.
Q5) According to the above case study.Extinction
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Chapter 8: Cognitive Views of Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "spread of activation" phenomenon is basically a short-term memory process.
A)True
B)False
Q2) "Memory for meaning" is semantic memory.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If a student tries very hard to remember the name of a book author,he or she is searching knowledge stored as an explicit memory.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In order to understand the large amounts of information inherent in complex concepts,people must develop structures or patterns called A)levels.
B)mnemonics.
C)propositions.
D)schemas.
Q5) A story grammar is a type of schema for text.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Complex Cognitive Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) The working backward strategy is sometimes an effective heuristic for solving certain mathematical problems.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Sohail gets good grades in his language class but uses incorrect grammar and punctuation in his written work in other classes.This situation suggests a problem with A)assimilation.
B)encoding.
C)integration.
D)transfer
Q3) Metacognition is best defined as A)knowledge about our own thinking processes.
B)the mechanism that primarily guides all problem-solving. C)"self-talk" that guides thinking.
D)a heuristic used to promote retention in long term memory.
Q4) Define the different types of transfer and create new examples of each.
Q5) Ms.Winn developed a new method of math instruction,which had a wide spread impact on education and revolutionized the field of mathematics education.Ms.Winn is noted for her ________ or innovation.
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Chapter 10: The Learning Sciences and Constructivism
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ format requires each member of a cooperative learning group to teach their other members one section of the material.
Q2) A structure for teaching,developed by Jerome Bruner,that introduces the fundamental structure of all subjects during the early school years and then revisits the subjects in increasingly more complex forms over time,is called what type of curriculum?
A)Advanced
B)Cultural
C)Spiral
D)Vicarious
Q3) Piaget's approach to learning is an example of what type of constructivism?
A)Both externally and internally directed
B)Externally directed
C)Internally directed
D)Logically directed
Q4) Teachers who want to encourage dialog in reciprocal questioning should not begin sentences with the word "why."
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Social Cognitive Views of Learning and Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marc receives helpful feedback after performing a new piece of music for his piano teacher.This is an example of
A)a vicarious experience.
B)a mastery experience.
C)heighten self-efficacy.
D)social persuasion.
Q2) The interaction of environmental events,personal factors,and behaviours is called triarchic reciprocal causality.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Mr.Snow,the math teacher,asks parents to facilitate their child's self-regulation by A)rewarding only large improvements in math skills.
B)encouraging the student not to engage in self-evaluation.
C)linking success to natural born abilities.
D)modelling how to set specific goals.
Q4) Beliefs about our ability to accomplish tasks in a given situation is ________.
Q5) Vicarious experiences involve someone else modelling accomplishments.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Motivation in Learning and Teaching
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Sample Questions
Q1) The need to experience choice and control in what we do and how we do it is called
Q2) An "expectancy x value" theory would predict that motivation will necessarily be
A)close to zero if self-efficacy is low,regardless of goal value.
B)zero if either expectation to succeed or the perceived value of a goal is zero.
C)zero if only expectation to succeed and the perceived value of a goal are zero.
D)zero if self-efficacy and the perceived value of a goal are low.
Q3) According to attribution theory,students who see the causes of their failures as internal and controllable will react to those failures by
A)assuming things will work out better in the future.
B)berating themselves for their failure.
C)exhibiting confusion and anxiety.
D)finding strategies to succeed the next time.
Q4) List the seven levels of needs as described by Maslow and give a classroom example for each need.What are the implications for learning when students' deficiency needs are not being satisfied? Contrast this situation against one in which the students' being needs are not satisfied.
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14
Chapter 13: Creating Learning Environments
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of minutes available for learning is called engaged time.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When handing in material,Mr.Spark's students pass their work forward to the students in the front row,who then pass the materials from left to right.This approach is an example of classroom
A)organizational behaviours.
B)procedures.
C)protocols.
D)rules.
Q3) According to David Johnson and his colleagues' five-step negotiating strategy,the first step is to
A)have the students jointly define the problem or conflict.
B)separate the students in order to define the conflict.
C)require the students to take the reverse perspective so they can consider the other person's point of view.
D)ask the students to invent at least two arguments that allow mutual gain.
Q4) Activities that are accomplished in the classroom are described as ________.
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15
Chapter 14: Teaching Every Student
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a student who is called on to respond to a question gives a partially wrong answer,the recommended procedure is to
A)ask "does anyone have a different answer?" Then call on the first volunteer.
B)correct the student's answer and go on with the lesson.
C)provide a prompt or cue and stay with the student for a little while.
D)say "that's almost correct" and then call on another student.
Q2) Which one of the following is likely to be an objective written by a teacher from the cognitive viewpoint?
A)Students will list four characteristics of classic drama.
B)Students will define and conjugate ten French verbs.
C)Students will calculate the answers to distance problems.
D)Students will understand "aesthetic distance" in drama.
Q3) The type of objective that uses verbs such as comprehend,design,acknowledge,and address is a(n)________.
Q4) In constructivist approaches to learning,teachers make the decisions about content and teaching strategies,and students plan the activities.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The heart of the recitation method of teaching is ________.
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Chapter 15: Classroom Assessment,grading,and Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) For which one of the following situations would a criterion-referenced test be the most appropriate measure to use?
A)Assessing the range of abilities in a large,mixed-ability group of students
B)Comparing students' general ability in specific subject areas such as English,algebra,or general science
C)Measuring mastery of basic competencies in addition and subtraction
D)Selecting candidates for a teaching position when only a few openings are available
Q2) Molly is preparing to take a standardized test that will be used by administrators to evaluate the type of school placement she should have.What type of assessment is Molly involved in?
A)Criterion-referenced
B)High-stakes testing
C)Norm-referenced
D)Standardized aptitude testing
Q3) Content-related validity refers to the degree to which the test items cover the appropriate topics.
A)True
B)False
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