Introduction to Early Childhood Programs
Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides an overview of various early childhood education programs, exploring their historical, philosophical, and theoretical foundations. Students will examine different models and approaches to early learning, including Montessori, Reggio Emilia, Head Start, and public pre-kindergarten programs, among others. The course also addresses key components of quality early childhood programs, such as curriculum, family engagement, assessment, and the role of the teacher. Through case studies and practical examples, students will gain a foundational understanding of how early childhood programs support the development and learning of young children from birth to age eight.
Recommended Textbook
Child Family and Community Family Centered Early Care and Education 7th Edition by Janet Gonzalez
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15 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: The Child in Context of Family and Community
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following includes a complete list of the systems found in the family systems theory?
A) Boundaries, separateness, rules, hierarchy, climate, and equilibrium
B) Boundaries, roles, rules, hierarchy, climate, and equilibrium
C) Boundaries, roles, rules, emotional support, climate, and equilibrium
D) Boundaries, policies, rules, hierarchy, climate, and procedures
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following best describes the premise of family-centered programs?
A) Programs work better when caregivers understand families and involve them in respectful ways
B) Communication goes one way: caregivers share information with families
C) Families take a passive role in the education of their children
D) Programs predetermine what will be offered and complete the planning and organizing
Answer: A
Q3) What was the main point of the special education law, PL 94-142, the Education of All Handicapped Children Act, and then the reauthorized IDEA?
Answer: The main point of the special education legislation was to mandate parent involvement in planning for the education of the child.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Supporting Families Around Issues of
Attachment and Trust
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ron Lally, Peter Mangione, the PITC and the research of Emmi Pikler have all focused on which of the following ideas?
A) Helping caregivers develop a primary attachment with children
B) Supporting infant-toddler programs to discourage attachment between caregivers and children
C) The importance of training caregivers to develop secondary attachment in out-of-home care
D) Discouraging attachment for children in childcare
Answer: C
Q2) Cross-cultural research shows which of the following, regarding attachment?
A) In some cultures, the ideal attachment of an infant is to a group
B) Attachment should always be exclusive to the mother
C) Some cultures do not value attachment
D) Attachment occurs in the same way across cultures
Answer: A
Q3) What might happen with children who do not develop a healthy attachment to an adult?
Answer: Children who do not develop a healthy attachment to an adult may experience a lack of trust and unresolved trust issues, and may seek unhealthy adult relationships.
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Supporting Families With Autonomy-Seeking Youngsters
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nikko is a child who is firmly attached to his family. In terms of exploration, Nikko is likely to
A) Explore only at home
B) Not explore much
C) Explore when he is instructed to
D) Explore and discover often
Answer: D
Q2) Punishing an active child during the autonomous stage may result in the child
A) Developing a healthy respect for adults
B) Developing a sense of shame for exploring
C) Knowing right from wrong
D) Being ready for the next stage of development
Answer: B
Q3) When children bite, what should adults do?
A) Take it seriously, but model gentleness
B) Punish severely because it is a serious offense
C) Ignore the incident so the behavior will disappear
D) Bite the child back so they can understand that it hurts others
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Sharing Views of Initiative With Families
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What four qualities are important when facilitating conflict resolution between children?
Q2) Aggression in young children
A) Is the same as initiative
B) Can come from a variety of causes
C) Is not usually a problem in preschool-age children
D) Can be healthy if the child can get what they want
Q3) It is important for adults who have only worked with typically developing children to realize that some children with disabilities arrive in a play environment with less initiative and motivation to play than others. All of the following are potential reasons except
A) It may be that they have not been encouraged to play and explore
B) Children who are medically fragile may have parents who concentrate more on keeping them safe and healthy than on encouraging them to play
C) The child is interested, but has little or no access to the toys, materials, and activities
D) The child is not capable of the same type of play as a typically developing child
Q4) What is the difference between empowering and overpowering children?
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Chapter 5: Working With Families of School-Age Children
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a false statement about recess in schools?
A) Back in the 1980s children got three recesses a day to play outdoors, plus an hour for lunch
B) Play has been shown to help children adjust to the school setting and even to enhance children's learning readiness, learning behaviors, and problem-solving skills
C) Because of the pressure for academic accountability and the standardized tests to measure it as a result of No Child Left Behind (NCLB), schools are cutting back on playtime
D) There is research to indicate that children do better academically without recess than they do with periodic recesses throughout the day
Q2) What does the constructivist approach to education focus on?
A) Hand-on experiences that help children create knowledge
B) Educator's ability to keep learning the same for everyone
C) Teacher constructing relationships with students
D) Short term memory only
Q3) What are some strategies for teaching morals through prosocial development?
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Chapter 6: Societal Influences on Children and Families
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an indicator for children who are prepared to enter kindergarten?
A) Children who are can concentrate and focus
B) Children who can count to 25
C) Children who can recite the ABC song
D) Children who are ready for invented spelling
Q2) How are children socialized by their families?
Q3) Which of the following is not a part of television viewing that promotes consumerism in children?
A) Corporate media researches new ways to sell products to children
B) Movies are advertised in fast food restaurants, promoting products
C) Children are targeted with colorful packaging on food such as cereal
D) Children's biological signals related to nutritional needs
Q4) How does viewing violence on television and video games impact children?
A) It makes children more likely to be violent
B) It has no impact because children are too young to understand
C) If children are busy playing, they won't notice the images
D) Children will understand it is not real if adults explain
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Understanding Families Goals, Values, and Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Toilet training can be used as an example of what?
A) Ignorance on the part of parents who train early
B) The superior training of the teacher who understands "readiness" issues
C) Two different perspectives that may be cultural
D) A power struggle between the parent and the child.
Q2) What is the value of cultural pluralism?
Q3) Which of the following best characterizes parents with independence goals?
A) They usually expect toddlers to feed themselves
B) They usually sleep with their children and seldom give the child a room of her own
C) They coddle children all the time
D) They downplay individuality
Q4) Which of the following is incorrect regarding the difference between a dialogue and an argument?
A) The arguer tells and the dialoguer asks
B) The arguer tries to persuade and the dialoguer seeks to learn
C) The arguer tries to convince and the dialoguer wants to discover
D) The arguer is willing to understand multiple viewpoints; the dialoguer considers hers to be the best one
Q5) What do people mean when they say that they don't have a culture?
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Chapter 8: Working With Families on Guidance Issues
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22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes discipline?
A) It is the same as guidance
B) It must be harsh to work
C) It works all the time with every child if you find the right method
D) It is to be avoided
Q2) In the story about Carla and Cody, characteristics of parents who abuse their children include which of the following?
A) Being of a low income level
B) Being isolated and having unrealistic expectations of their children
C) Lacking love for their children
D) Having a shy personality
Q3) A positive goal of discipline would be
A) To be in control of the child
B) To demand obedience and respect
C) To make the child pay for wrongdoing
D) To change the behavior
Q4) Describe the 7 effective ways to respond to children's unacceptable behavior.
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10
Chapter 9: Working With Families on Addressing Feelings and Problem Solving
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes Susan Isaacs's advice to parents about teaching children healthy expressions of feelings?
A) The advice suggests that determination, obstinacy, and outbursts of temper are normal, and it takes patience to socialize children
B) The advice is outdated in today's society
C) Children do not need patience; they need a strong hand to make them obedient
D) Parents need to shout when they are upset so the child will understand how feelings can be hurt.
Q2) When two people disagree about how feelings should be expressed, what is important for each person to consider?
A) Who is right and who is wrong
B) How to prove a point
C) Both perspectives
D) How to get the other to change his/her mind
Q3) How does playing pretend help children cope with feelings?
Q4) How can adults help children cope with fear?
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Chapter 10: Working With Families to Support Self-Esteem
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is meant by the term "life script?"
Q2) When are children likely to develop high self-esteem?
A) When they discover they are powerless in the world
B) When they can see themselves regarded in a positive light by those around them
C) When someone else does everything for them
D) When they face critical attitudes
Q3) In the dimensions of self-esteem, which word refers to feeling like you are being good, according to your own standards?
A) Power
B) Virtue
C) Significance
D) Worth
Q4) Adults can promote self-esteem by doing which of the following?
A) Praising everything a child does
B) Make a child feel bad about him/herself
C) Protect a child from risk taking
D) Create a challenging environment where children have opportunities to experience success
Q5) What are some of the ways to teach anti-bias behaviors?
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Chapter 11: Working With Families Around Gender Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consider this scenario: A teacher is trying to get the children to help move blocks from one area to another. Which comment best promotes gender equity?
A) I need some strong boys to move the blocks
B) I need some strong girls to move the blocks
C) I need some strong children to move the blocks
D) Girls, why don't you sweep up after the boys have moved the blocks
Q2) Broader gender roles include all of the following, with the exception of which?
A) Mother's who work outside of the home are less likely to be criticized
B) Men are freer to participate more fully in parenting
C) Men can enter more traditional women's fields such as nursing
D) Broader roles have created equal pay for both men and women for equal work
Q3) Many parents fail to emphasize which of the following when they socialize their sons?
A) Independence
B) Self-reliance
C) Nurturing behaviors
D) Achievement orientation
Q4) How does interruption relate to gender roles?
Q5) How does differential treatment show up in preschool?
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Chapter 12: Stress and Success in Family Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) When working with families from a strength-based perspective, an early childhood educator should implement all except?
A) Form a relationship with that family
B) Look for every family's strengths and focus on those
C) Acknowledge the family's strengths to its members
D) When you have problems finding strengths, focus on the areas of improvement for each member of the family
Q2) Which of the following are protective factors of resilient children?
A) They have been needed by someone
B) They take a passive role
C) They rub people the wrong way because of their life experiences
D) They have been protected from harm, pain and trauma
Q3) What are some strategies for working with families from a strength-based perspective?
Q4) How is the power dynamic between adults and children shifting within families in relation to the emerging society?
Q5) How can adults help all children become resilient?
Q6) How can teachers give legitimacy to all families?
Q7) What did the 6 featured families have in common?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Early Care and Education Programs As Community Resources
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22 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Quality care is not related to which of the following?
A) Teachers' qualifications
B) Group size
C) Child-staff ratio
D) The money spent on building design
Q2) Which of the following are things that influence quality in child care?
A) Group size, ratio, teacher training
B) The age of the building
C) The families enrolled
D) Yet to be determined
Q3) What type of relationship would be optimal for parents and early childhood educators have with each other?
A) They should be co-conspirators
B) They should have mutual respect for each other
C) They should compete with each other for the child's affection
D) They should avoid each other
Q4) How does competition impact the relationship between families and caregivers?
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Chapter 14: Supporting Families Through Community
Resources and Networks
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What challenges do community resource agencies face?
A) Offering too many services
B) Being centrally located
C) Having too few people in need of their services
D) Funding cuts
Q2) All of the following are trends mentioned in the chapter that illustrate the need for formal and informal support for families, except
A) The increasing numbers of mothers of infants and young children in the workforce
B) The growing challenge for low-income families to attain economic self-sufficiency
C) The feminization of poverty and teenage parenting
D) The rapid growth of technology
Q3) What best characterizes stroke pie?
A) It is a favorite American dessert
B) It is a way of assessing how broad an individual's base of support is
C) It should feature a single individual as the sole support of another
D) It has to do only with financial support, not emotional support
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16
Chapter 15: Social Policy Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the goal of Geoffrey Canada and the Harlem's Children Zone?
A) To get children ready for kindergarten
B) To get schools ready for children
C) To get children ready for college
D) To supplement the cost of Head Start programs
Q2) Who is responsible for peacemaking within families?
A) Community
B) Church
C) Children
D) Parents
Q3) Which of the following statements about inclusion is false?
A) Children in inclusion programs reach higher levels of achievement
B) Children in inclusion programs develop a broader range of social skills
C) Children in inclusion programs gain exposure to the larger world they will live in as adults
D) Children in inclusion programs develop sensitivity issues being around other children
Q4) Children who have been exposed to violence often experience fear. What is one way that children try to work through their fears, and why is it not always supported by adults?
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