Introduction to Digital Radiography Question
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Course Introduction
Introduction to Digital Radiography provides students with a foundational understanding of the principles and practices of digital imaging within the field of radiologic technology. The course covers key topics such as the physics of digital image formation, types of digital radiography systems, image receptors, image quality factors, and the use of computer algorithms in image processing. Students will explore the advantages of digital over traditional film-based systems, including enhanced image manipulation, storage, and transmission. Emphasis is placed on the operation of digital radiography equipment, proper image acquisition techniques, artifacts identification, quality assurance, and considerations for radiation safety. This course prepares students to confidently utilize digital radiography in clinical settings.
Recommended Textbook
Digital Radiography An Introduction for Technologists 1st Edition by Euclid Seeram
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Chapter 1: Digital Radiography: An Overview
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Sample Questions
Q1) Digital radiography imaging modalities include communication radiography (CR), flat-panel digital radiography (DR), digital mammography (DM), and digital fluorescence (DF)and the laser film digitizer.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) ____ is used to describe the degree of film blackening as a result of radiation exposure, and it can be measured by a densitometer.
A) Chemical processing
B) The film characteristic curve
C) Optical density
D) Film speed
Answer: D
Q3) The application of information technology to medical imaging is referred to as ____________________.
Answer: medical imaging informatics
Q4) An important element of image and data communications is that of
Answer: image compression
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Chapter 2: Digital Imaging Processing Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) The output from a digital radiography detector is an analog (electrical)signal, which is sent to a(n)____________________.
Answer: analog-to-digital converter analog to digital converter
Q2) A digital image is made up of numbers; by definition, the range of the numbers is the ____ and the center of the range is defined as the ____.
A) LUT; WW
B) WW; WL
C) WL; WW
D) LUT; WL
Answer: B
Q3) Digital image processing has become rare in digital radiology departments and is now part of the specialized skills of technologists and radiologists.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The number of bits per pixel is the ____________________.
Answer: bit depth
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Chapter 3: Computed Radiography: Physics and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________________ testing is the first major step in a QC program and ensures that the equipment meets the specifications set by the manufacturers.
Answer: Acceptance
Q2) Energy subtraction imaging can be done in CR using a special ____________________ to create separate images of bone and soft tissue.
Answer: algorithm
Q3) When is the PSP IP erased by exposing it to a high intensity light beam to get rid of any residual latent image?
A) before laser scanning
B) before image processing
C) after laser scanning
D) Before laser scanning
Answer: C
Q4) The lasers used today for PSL in CR units are ____________________ lasers that produce light with a 680 nm wavelength compared to He Ne lasers that produce light with a 633 nm wavelength used in earlier CR units.
Answer: semiconductor
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Chapter 4: Effective Use of Computed Radiography
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Sample Questions
Q1) With digital systems, what determines the speed class at which the system is operated?
A) overexposure
B) receptor speed
C) receptor exposure
D) resultant image
Q2) What would substantial (>2x)overexposure of a body part generate in proportion to the overexposure?
A) high kVp
B) fogging effect
C) low contrast
D) additional scatter
Q3) With CR, grid cutoff does not result in a light image, due to the automatic ____________________ of the image.
Q4) With screen/film imaging, the ____________________ of the effect of technical factors is normally based on the image appearance rather that on the physics behind the appearance.
Q5) If a vendor provides a fixed-speed class operation, the system operates as a screen/film system of the selected ____________________.
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Chapter 5: Flat-Panel Digital Radiography
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Q1) A higher MTF value at ____________________ spatial frequencies means that the detector provides better contrast resolution.
Q2) A system that has a higher spatial frequency at an MTF of 0.1 will show better spatial ____________________ than a system that has a lower spatial frequency at an MTF of 0.1.
Q3) Since there are different sizes of body parts to be imaged, different sizes of ____________________ are commercially available for clinical imaging.
Q4) For digital imaging systems, the spatial resolution depends on the size of the ____________________ in the matrix.
Q5) Which of the following is a photoconductor that conducts electrons when struck by light or X-ray photons?
A) selenium
B) cesium iodide
C) amorphous silicon
D) photodiode
Q6) The flat-panel TFT digital detector is designed as a matrix of detector elements, each of which can be regarded as a(n)____________________.
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Chapter 6: Digital Fluoroscopy
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Sample Questions
Q1) In fluoroscopy, a ____ converts the light from the output screen of the image intensifier into an electrical signal (output video signal), which is sent to the television monitor where it is converted into a visible image that can be viewed in real time.
A) CCD camera
B) television camera
C) closed-circuit camera
D) video camera
Q2) ____ is the continued emission of light from the screen when the radiation beam has been turned off.
A) Image lag
B) Image quality
C) Contrast ratio
D) Image intensifier
Q3) The ____ changes the image contrast and the ____ changes the brightness of the image.
A) WW; WL
B) WL; WW
C) DSA; WL
D) DSA; WW
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Chapter 7: Digital Mammography
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Sample Questions
Q1) The computer uses image-processing algorithms for enhancement and ____________________ of lesions.
Q2) ____ include filtering baser, Fourier analysis, artificial neural networks, wavelet transform, etc., to enhance and extract lesions.
A) Image processing algorithms
B) CAD
C) Quantitation
D) Digital tomosynthesis
Q3) Which of the following algorithms enhances the sharpness of the borders of mass lesions, but may make even an indistinct mass appear more circumscribed?
A) peripheral equalization
B) Trex processing
C) unsharp masking
D) manual intensity windowing
Q4) In order to compare the clinical usefulness of a new technique with existing techniques, it is essential to conduct ____________________.
Q5) The ____________________ is central to a DM imaging system.
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Chapter 8: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the early days of PACS development, FDA approval was not required since PACS was considered accessory equipment to image acquisition modalities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the data transfer rate of the network called?
A) LAN
B) links
C) node
D) bandwidth
Q3) ____________________ serves to combine all the components into a whole system so that they can all communicate with one and other.
Q4) In order to integrate the two information systems, the RIS and the HIS, several data ____________________ standards have been developed.
Q5) A(n)____________________ function is one that enables the user of the workstation to find the image or images to be reviewed.
Q6) In the digital imaging environment, one of the central means of addressing this particular challenge requires the use of a(n)____________________ archiving and communication systems.
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Chapter 9: Medical Imaging Informatics: An Overview
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Q1) The ___________________ provides a wide range of benefits to health care professionals, including physicians, but it also has benefits that are available to the health care enterprise in general, such as improved data integrity and quality of care, as well as increased productivity from satisfied health care providers.
Q2) The vast array of security risks provides a significant rationale for ____________________ methods.
Q3) Individuals who complete both CPIA and CPSA can apply to write which examination?
A) PACS
B) PARCA
C) HIMSS
D) CPSM
Q4) Which of the following is a secure, real-time, point-of-care, patient-centric information resource for physicians?
A) EHR
B) HIS
C) PACS
D) IT
Q5) Data transmission requires some sort of ____________________ to do the task.
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Chapter 10: Quality Control for Digital Radiography
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Q1) What is another name for the flowchart of the steps involved in performing a DR exam?
A) indicator
B) control limit
C) process map
D) metadata
Q2) Bad electronic images can disappear without a trace; bad films can also disappear, but leave which of the following?
A) ghost
B) residue
C) signature
D) fog
Q3) If erasure is inadequate, the previous exposure is superimposed as ____.
A) reusable image media
B) a ghost image
C) a flat field image
D) shading
Q4) One of the tasks of the technologist after the DR image is acquired determining whether the image is underexposed or ____________________.
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