Introduction to Dental Public Health Final Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Dental Public Health offers an overview of the fundamental principles and practices that address oral health at the community and population levels. The course explores topics including the epidemiology of oral diseases, social determinants of oral health, preventive strategies, oral health promotion, and the organization and delivery of dental care services. Students learn about the importance of policy, community-based programs, and interdisciplinary approaches in improving and maintaining oral health across diverse populations. Emphasis is placed on the role of dental professionals in identifying oral health disparities and developing solutions to improve access and outcomes in dental public health.
Recommended Textbook
Dental Public Health and Research 4th Edition by Christine N. Nathe
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Chapter 1: Dental Public Health: An Overview
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Q1) The Advanced Dental Hygiene Practitioner (ADHP) is a proposed midlevel dental provider.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Certain populations face barriers to dental care in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The core public health function is ________.
A) Assessment
B) Synopsis
C) Analysis
D) Preface
E) None of the above
Answer: A
Q4) Community oral health has a similar meaning to dental public health.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 3
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Chapter 2: The Prevention Movement
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Q1) Tobacco cessation programs emphasize which step(s) of intervention?
A) Prescribing antidepressants as needed
B) Describing the relationship between periodontal disease and smoking
C) Asking patients about their tobacco use
D) Describing the relationship between dental caries and smoking
E) Both B and C
Answer: C
Q2) Dental hygiene was historically founded as which type of profession?
A) Dental public health
B) Cosmetic
C) Restorative
D) Referral
E) Healing
Answer: A
Q3) The FDA approves only those bottled water carriers that add fluoride.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Dental Care Delivery in the United States
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Q1) The number of dental care services actually utilized
A)Demand
B)Utilization
C)Need
D)Supply
E)2:1
F)1:2
Answer: B
Q2) The agency that is in charge of ensuring that medicine is safe and efficacious in the United States is the ________.
A) Safety and Toxicity Center
B) Drug Czar Agency
C) Food and Drug Administration
D) Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Agency
E) Drug Enforcement Agency
Answer: C
Q3) Dental hygienists may practice within the U.S. Peace Corps.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Dental Hygiene Care Delivery in the Global Community
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Q1) Which common standard is required by all dental hygiene schools?
A) Community college matriculation
B) Standardized dental hygiene aptitude test
C) High school matriculation
D) Over 18 years of age
E) None of the above
Q2) The Red Cross regulates dental hygiene in which country?
A)Dental nurses
B)Dental therapists
C)Switzerland
D)The Netherlands
E)Canada
F)Australia
G)New Zealand
H)Oral health promotion
Q3) The Federation Dentaire International has over twenty-three member countries.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Financing of Dental Care
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Q1) What form is used when a dental provider bills for dental procedures rendered?
A) Dental Fee Slip
B) Explanation of Benefits
C) Dental Claim Form
D) Utilization Review Form
E) None of the above
Q2) Which system is used when a patient and a dental provider negotiate payment by exchanging goods and services?
A) Capitation system
B) Barter system
C) Fee-for-service system
D) Encounter system
E) None of the above
Q3) Local governments may be involved in funding dental care to which target population(s)?
A) Schoolchildren
B) Inmates at a nearby federal prison
C) Military personnel
D) Both A and B
E) None of the above
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Chapter 6: Federal and State Legislation Affecting Dental
Hygiene Practice
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Q1) Creates laws
A)Administrative law
B)Judicial branch
C)Executive branch
D)Common law
E)Statutory law
F)Legislative branch
G)Constitutional law
Q2) The President is a member of which branch of government?
A) Administrative
B) Legislative
C) Judicial
D) Executive
E) None of the above
Q3) Which branch of government interprets laws?
A) Legislative
B) Executive
C) State commissions
D) Judicial
E) None of the above
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Advocacy for Dental Care
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Q1) To create change in policy, it is NOT necessary to create change in the individuals that govern policy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The process of working together toward a common goal is called ________
A) Ethics
B) Procedures
C) Collaboration
D) Cooperation
E) All of the above
Q3) What is necessary to create change?
A) Influencing individuals who govern policy
B) Increasing financial status
C) Redesigning the public health facility
D) Knowing how policies are enforced
E) All of the above
Q4) An example of a local policy may be advocating for a community preventive dental program.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Dental Health Education and Promotion
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Q1) This theory suggests that learning can be facilitated through imitation.
A)Self-determination theory
B)Modeling behavior
C)Empowerment
D)Classical conditioning
E)Operant conditioning
Q2) What occurs when an individual gains control over his/her environment?
A) Social molding
B) Imitation
C) Modeling
D) Competence
E) None of above
Q3) The last step in the learning ladder is the involvement step.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The social-cognitive theory postulates that an individual needs to be made aware of a health issue before he/she can act on it.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Lesson Plan Development
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Q1) A broad statement that reflects the final outcome is a(n) ________.
A) Analysis
B) Assessment
C) Goal
D) Needs assessment
E) None of the above
Q2) To know
A)Psychomotor domain
B)Application level
C)Problem-solving level
D)Affective domain
E)Knowledge level
F)Cognitive domain
Q3) Describes behaviors
A)Psychomotor domain
B)Application level
C)Problem-solving level
D)Affective domain
E)Knowledge level
F)Cognitive domain
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Chapter 10: Target Populations
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Q1) Inmates are defined as individuals living in a state or federal prison.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An eating disorder that includes purging
A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Hearing impairment
C)Faith-based initiatives
D)Visual impairment
E)Lack of faith in treatment
F)Supervision of dental hygienists by dentists
G)Bulimia
Q3) What age group is interested in obtaining knowledge and continuing to strive for independence?
A) Infants
B) Pregnant women
C) Older adults
D) Elementary school-age children
E) None of the above
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Chapter 11: Cultural Competency
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Q1) Communication can be accomplished ________.
A) Orally
B) In writing
C) By body language
D) Both B and C
E) All of the above
Q2) A term used to describe an individual assimilating to another culture by assuming its practices and beliefs is ________.
A) Ethnocentric
B) Acculturate
C) Cross-cultural
D) Cultural diversity
E) All of the above
Q3) Cultural diversity can be defined as the awareness and respect of an individual's or a population's cultural differences.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Program Planning
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Q1) During which stage does the dental hygienist consider the population's needs, facilities, resources, and funding?
A) Planning
B) Dental hygiene diagnosis
C) Assessment
D) Implementation
E) Evaluation
Q2) Program planning encompasses dental hygiene diagnosis of a population and which additional stage(s)?
A) Implementation
B) Evaluation
C) Planning
D) Assessment
E) All of the above
Q3) Implementing a ban on candy-vending machines in local clinics is an example of a promotional endeavor.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Program Evaluation
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Q1) Measures the presence or absence of a condition or disease
A)Reversible index
B)Cumulative index
C)Irreversible index
D)Dental index
E)Simple index
F)Basic index
G)Comprehensive index
Q2) Which type of evaluation method uses face-to-face interviews?
A) Analysis
B) Clinical
C) Nonclinical
D) Assessment
E) None of the above
Q3) The Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHP) assesses the extent of ________.
A) Plaque and debris
B) Gingival inflammation
C) Plaque
D) Gingival bleeding
E) All of the above
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Chapter 14: Research in Dental Hygiene
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Q1) Evidence-Based Practice means ________.
A) Using known methods and anecdotes
B) Using known methods with predictable results and scientific method
C) Using known methods with unpredictable results and scientific method.
D) Using known methods with predictable results, anecdotes, and scientific method.
Q2) Why is dental hygiene research important?
A) To improve the public's oral health
B) To advance and promote the profession of dental hygiene
C) To continue advancing practice
D) All of the above
Q3) Which source provides funding for the educational and research activities of dental hygienists?
A) ADHA Institute of Oral Health
B) Local businesses
C) Chip
D) Medicaid
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Chapter 15: Ethical Principles in Research
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Q1) What act adds to the confidentiality of patient records?
A) HIPPO
B) HIPAA
C) IRB
D) BEG
E) Both A and B
Q2) The Tuskegee Syphilis study was conducted by which institution?
A) FDA
B) CDC
C) US PHS
D) FTC
Q3) The Nuremberg Code was a result of ________.
A) The absence of research protocol from a university
B) A trial that was run without due process
C) War crimes trials
D) Universal report that was developed in the early 21st century
Q4) Ethics, in a "nutshell," is about doing the right thing.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: The Research Process
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Q1) A small version of a proposed study is called a ________.
A) Case study
B) Pilot study
C) Controlled study
D) Pivotal study
E) Both A and C
Q2) A report about a small group of people
A)Case report
B)Descriptive approach
C)Case study
D)Historical approach
E)Cohort
Q3) Which type of research studies the same population over an extended period of time?
A) Case control
B) Longitudinal study
C) Correlational study
D) Survey
E) Both A and B
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Biostatistics
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Q1) The mode is the ________.
A) Most frequently occurring value
B) Average
C) Midpoint
D) Both A and B
E) All of the above
Q2) Large and infinite number of measures along a continuum
A)Scales of measurement
B)Ordinal scale
C)Discrete variable
D)Continuous variable
E)Nominal scale
Q3) Nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio
A)Scales of measurement
B)Ordinal scale
C)Discrete variable
D)Continuous variable
E)Nominal scale
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Chapter 18: Oral Epidemiology
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Q1) Often called an "outbreak" of disease
A)Morbidity
B)Endemic
C)Epidemic
D)Pandemic
E)Validity
F)Index
G)Incidence
H)Epidemiology
I)Prevalence
J)Disease rates
K)Mortality
L)Causality
M)Etiology
N)Risk factors
O)Reliability
P)Surveillance
Q2) Causality means that a particular exposure results in a particular outcome.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Current Oral Epidemiological Findings
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Q1) Significant health disparities exist in different ethnic groups.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Most prevalent disease in children and adults
A)Dental sealants
B)Candidiasis
C)Teenagers
D)Oral cancer
E)Herpes simplex virus
F)Systemic diseases
G)Epidemiology
H)Community water fluoridation
I)Adults
J)Gingivitis
K)Posterior teeth
L)Recurrent aphthous ulcer
M)Anterior teeth
N)Cleft lip/palate
O)Dental caries
P)Endemic
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Evaluation of Scientific Literature and Dental Products
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Q1) Which of the following parts of a research report should include a detailed description of the research instruments, equipment, procedures, and method of data analysis?
A) Methods and materials
B) Literature review
C) Introduction
D) Results
E) Conclusion
Q2) A study should be randomized if at all possible.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A dental hygienist should recommend products based on the ADA Seal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The measure of confidence in test results is called ________.
A) Clinical significance
B) Clinical improvements
C) Statistical improvements
D) Statistical significance
E) Both A and C
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Chapter 21: Careers in Dental Public Health
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Q1) A dental hygiene student may be eligible for the COSTEP program.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Providing health care and related services to medically underserved populations is a mission of which agency(ies)?
A) VA
B) PHS
C) IOM
D) FDA
E) Both A and B
Q3) Dental hygienists treating inmates
A)Independent contractor on a military base
B)National Health Service Corps hygienist
C)Federal prison
D)Civil servant in a VA hospital
E)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Q4) A dental hygienist may work as a researcher with the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: Strategies for Creating Dental Hygiene
Positions in Dental Public Health Settings
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Q1) What type of initiative may be necessary to increase accessibility of dental hygiene to all populations?
A) Planning
B) Proxy
C) Legislative
D) Assessment
E) None of the above
Q2) Resolving conflicts is a mandatory management skill for the dental hygienist.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Most states allow the public ample access to dental hygienist providers in a variety of settings.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Developing practice location and hours
A)Promotion
B)Distribution plan
C)Product
D)Price
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