Introduction to Dental Materials
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Dental Materials provides students with foundational knowledge about the materials used in dental practice, exploring their properties, composition, applications, and limitations. The course covers various categories of dental materials such as metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites, emphasizing their roles in restorative, preventive, and prosthetic dentistry. Students will learn about biocompatibility, manipulation techniques, selection criteria, and safety considerations for each material. Laboratory components and case discussions are integrated to reinforce the theoretical concepts and promote critical understanding of material choice and clinical outcomes in dental treatments.
Recommended Textbook
Dental Materials 3rd Edition by W. Stephan Eakle DDS FADM
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Dental Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Silver paste was first mentioned as a restorative material for teeth by the:
A) Chinese.
B) Greeks.
C) Romans.
D) French.
Answer: A
Q2) Since 2005,the American Dental Association (ADA)Seal of Acceptance is awarded to _____ products.
A) both professional and consumer
B) professional but not consumer
C) consumer but not professional
D) neither professional nor consumer
Answer: C
Q3) What is the best resource for choosing which dental material to use?
A) Reading professional journals
B) Meeting with manufacturers' representatives
C) Discussing which materials colleagues use
D) All of the above are good resources.
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Oral Environment and Patient Considerations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the three types of forces,which is most concerned with the stretching of a material?
A) Tensile force
B) Compressive force
C) Shearing force
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following materials has the highest ultimate compressive strength (lbs/in²)?
A) Acrylic
B) Porcelain
C) Amalgam
D) Composite resins
Answer: C
Q3) List and describe the three components of color.
Answer: Hue: The dominant color of the wavelength reflected
Value: How light or dark the color is Chroma: The intensity or strength of the color
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Chapter 3: Physical and Mechanical Properties of Dental Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following forms of matter has/have both shape and volume?
1)Solid
2)Liquid
3)Gas
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2
C) 2,3
D) 1
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a secondary rather than primary bond?
A) Ionic bond
B) Metallic bond
C) Covalent bond
D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: D
Q3) What will happen if expired materials or improperly stored materials are used?
A) Render the material ineffective
B) Be of little consequence
C) Cause a toxic reaction
Answer: A
Page 5
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Chapter 4: General Handling and Safety of Dental Materials
in the Dental Office
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is recommended to help manage the patient's airway during dental procedures?
A) Having the patient use a pre-procedural mouth rinse
B) Having the patient sit up completely forward in the dental chair
C) Frequently turning the patient's head to the side during the procedure
D) Using high-velocity evacuation (HVE)and a rubber dam whenever possible
Q2) Corrosive
A)The substance is either highly acidic or basic with a pH less than 2.0 or greater than 12.5.
B)The substance contains amounts of arsenic,barium,chromium,mercury,lead,silver,or certain pesticides.
C)The substance is flammable or combustible.
D)The substance is chemically unstable or explosive,reacts violently with water,or is capable of giving off toxic fumes when mixed with water.
Q3) Exposure to chemicals over a prolonged period of time is _____ exposure.
A) chronic
B) acute
C) latent
Q4) What are the four components of the chemical training program for employees?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Principles of Bonding
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hydrophobic
A)An attribute that allows a material to tolerate the presence of moisture
B)A bonding system that does not use a separate etching procedure with phosphoric acid
C)A resin/dentin layer formed by the intermixing of the dentin bonding agent with collagen fibrils exposed by acid etching
D)An attribute that does not allow a material to tolerate or perform well in the presence of moisture
E)A bonding system that includes etching of both enamel and dentin as a separate step from the application of bonding agents
Q2) Hypersensitivity may occur when _____ are irritated by procedures or chemicals associated with composite resin restorations.
A) ameloblasts
B) osteoblasts
C) odontoblasts
Q3) What are the three modes of curing for resin bonding agents?
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Chapter 6: Composites, glass Ionomers, and Compomers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are advantages of laboratory-processed composite restorations over directly placed composites?
1)The restoration is denser.
2)The restoration polymerizes more completely.
3)More stress is created internally on the composite and the walls of the cavity preparation.
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2
C) 1,3
D) 2,3
Q2) The fillers used in composite resins are:
A) bis-GMAs.
B) inorganic silica particles.
C) urethane dimethacrylates (UDMAs).
D) low-molecular-weight monomers called TEGDMAs.
Q3) Which of the following composite resin materials would not be used in non-stress-bearing areas?
A) Macrofilled
B) Microfilled
C) Microhybrid
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Chapter 7: Preventive and Desensitizing Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the proper order for the steps of applying sealant?
A) Etch,clean,cure,seal
B) Clean,etch,seal,cure
C) Etch,seal,cure,clean
D) Clean,seal,cure,etch
Q2) When could fluorosis occur?
A) When children swallow toothpaste
B) When breast-fed babies are not supplemented
C) When there is not enough fluoride in the water
Q3) In conjunction with fluoride,which product would aid in tooth remineralization?
A) Phenolic compounds
B) Chlorhexidine
C) Essential oils
D) Antibiotics
Q4) Which of the following would be a likely cause of sealant failure?
A) Plaque deep in the grooves
B) Rubber dam application
C) Moisture on the tooth
D) Demineralization
Q5) What should be done if a child has consumed an excessive amount of fluoride?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Teeth Whitening Materials and Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) These stains form on the surface of the teeth and are caused by food,drink,smoking,and a variety of other sources.
A)Extrinsic stains
B)Intrinsic stains
C)Hydrogen peroxide
D)Carbamide peroxide
E)Hydrochloric acid
Q2) Bleaching materials often contain _____ to help cut down on tooth sensitivity.
A) potassium nitrate
B) fluoride
C) eugenol
D) calcium hydroxide
Q3) Which of the following is/are a potential side effect(s)of bleaching?
A) Condyle pain
B) Tooth sensitivity
C) Gum irritation
D) All of the above
Q4) What is the role of the dental assistant or dental hygienist in the delivery of whitening services for the patient?
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Chapter 9: Dental Ceramics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not a characteristic used for taking shades?
A) Translucency
B) Chroma
C) Value
D) Hue
Q2) Which of the following is most challenging when placing veneers?
A) The patient has a diastema.
B) The natural tooth structure is dark.
C) The teeth are rotated out of occlusion.
D) The adjacent teeth have been bleached.
Q3) What is the main advantage of the combination of porcelain and metal for fixed crown and bridge prosthodontics?
A) Direct fabrication of the restoration in the patient's mouth
B) Superior esthetics when contrasted with all-porcelain jacket crowns
C) The use of high-fusing porcelain for superior bonding to tooth structure
D) The strength and durability produced by the bond between a metal internal core and the porcelain covering
Q4) Describe the different techniques for fabrication of ceramic restorations.
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Chapter 10: Dental Amalgam
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Sample Questions
Q1) The silver alloy phase
A)Gamma phase ( )
B)Gamma-1 phase ( 1)
C)Gamma-2 phase ( 2)
Q2) Which of the following metals is used to control the rate of set of the amalgam?
A) Silver
B) Copper
C) Tin
D) Mercury
Q3) In the low-copper amalgams,zinc was responsible for the gradual _____ of the amalgam over time if moisture contamination was present during placement.
A) tarnish
B) corrosion
C) expansion
D) contraction
Q4) What will occur if one attempts to carve amalgam once the amalgam is set?
A) Seal the margins
B) Damage the margins
C) Make the surface dull
D) Make the surface shiny
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Casting Metals, solders, and Wrought Metal
Alloys
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the wrought metals used for orthodontic wires.
Q2) Which of the following is true concerning endodontic posts?
A) A post is one type of dental implant.
B) Posts reinforce endodontically treated teeth against fracture.
C) Preformed posts are generally made with the core already attached.
D) Parallel posts have been shown to transmit less stress to the root than tapered posts.
Q3) Which of the following is a noble metal used for dental casting alloys?
A) Silver (Ag)
B) Platinum (Pt)
C) Copper (Cu)
D) Titanium (Ti)
Q4) Precious metal
A)Alloy composed of non-noble metals
B)A mixture of two or more metals
C)Alloy containing at least 60% noble metals,40% of which must be gold
D)Classification of metal based on its high cost
E)Alloy composed of metals that do not corrode readily
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Chapter 12: Dental Implants
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why are endosseous implants more successful in the mandible than in the maxilla?
A) Blood flow is better in the mandible.
B) Gravity drags maxillary implants from their sockets.
C) The bone in the mandible is generally much denser than in the maxilla.
D) There is a greater lateral component of force on maxillary teeth than on mandibular teeth.
Q2) The _____ implant is the most commonly used in dentistry today.
A) supraperiosteal
B) subperiosteal
C) transosteal
D) endosseous
Q3) If polishing of implant attachments is deemed necessary,what would the hygienist use?
A) Flour pumice
B) Only a rubber cup
C) A slurry of tin oxide
D) Medium to coarse paste
Q4) List and describe the different types of surgical procedures for placement of implants.
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Chapter 13: Abrasion, finishing, and Polishing
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Q1) Silicon carbide
A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation
Q2) Define finishing,polishing,and cleansing.
Q3) Abrasive particles that are _____ will cut more efficiently.
A) large and regular
B) large and irregular
C) small and regular
D) small and irregular
Q4) How are dental abrasives supplied?
A) Paste
B) Loose
C) Coated
D) All of the above
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Chapter 14: Dental Cement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of cement is recommended for cementing thicker ceramic restorations where light would not penetrate adequately?
A) Sedative
B) Dual-cure
C) Provisional
D) Chemical-cure
Q2) Which cement is recommended for metal-free restoration?
A) Glass ionomer cement
B) Resin-based cement
C) Hybrid ionomer cement
D) Resin-modified glass ionomer cement
Q3) The addition of powder to dental cement to create a secondary consistency increases the ______ of the cement.
1)viscosity
2)solubility
3)strength
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2
C) 1,3
D) 2
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Chapter 15: Impression Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Irreversible hydrocolloid
A)An alginate impression material that is mixed to a sol state and as it sets converts to a gel by a chemical reaction that irreversibly changes its nature
B)Gluelike material composed of two or more substances in which one substance does not go into solution but is suspended within another substance
C)An agar impression material that can be heated to change from a gel into a fluid state that can flow around the teeth
D)A water-based colloid used as an elastic impression material
E)A versatile irreversible hydrocolloid that is the most used impression material in the dental office
Q2) Of the items listed,which would not be made from an alginate impression?
A) Mouth guard
B) Bleaching tray
C) Retainer
D) Onlay
Q3) List and describe the different types of impression materials suitable for crown and bridge procedures.
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Chapter 16: Gypsum and Wax Products
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Q1) Casts
A)Replicas of the prepared teeth that are generally removable from the working cast B)Hard replicas of hard and soft tissues of the patient's oral cavity made from gypsum products
C)Casts generally made from dental plaster or stone and used for patient education,treatment planning,and tracking of the progress of treatment
Q2) Models
A)Replicas of the prepared teeth that are generally removable from the working cast B)Hard replicas of hard and soft tissues of the patient's oral cavity made from gypsum products
C)Casts generally made from dental plaster or stone and used for patient education,treatment planning,and tracking of the progress of treatment
Q3) List and describe the use of the different types of gypsum products used in dentistry.
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18
Chapter 17: Polymers for Prosthetic Dentistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) How are dentures customized?
A) Recreating diastemas
B) Placing restorations in the acrylic teeth
C) Changing acrylic shades to match skin tone
D) All of the above are possible.
Q2) The most common form of polymerization in dentistry is:
A) tertiary.
B) addition.
C) propagation.
D) condensation.
Q3) What is the polymerized acrylic resin formed when a liquid monomer is mixed with a powder of small polymer beads?
A) BIS-GMA
B) Benzoyl peroxide
C) Poly (ethyl methacrylate)
D) Poly (methyl methacrylate)
Q4) Describe how a denture is fabricated using heat-cured resin.
Q5) Describe the process of addition polymerization.
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Chapter 18: Provisional Restorations
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Q1) Which of the following would not be a necessary function of a posterior provisional restoration?
A) Esthetics
B) Reduced sensitivity
C) Maintaining occlusion
D) Eliminating migration
Q2) Extracoronal restoration
A)The continuous margin that borders the preparation to which the restoration is fit or finished
B)A restoration that covers all or part of the external surface of the tooth and may extend over the cusp tips on facial or lingual surfaces or include the removal of cusps
C)Provisional restoration made on a cast outside the patient's mouth
D)A restoration within the crown of the tooth,such as an inlay
E)Provisional restoration made directly inside the patient's mouth
Q3) Cement provisionals are most frequently fabricated with which material?
A) Zinc polycarboxylate
B) Zinc oxide eugenol
C) Calcium hydroxide
D) Zinc phosphate
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Preventive and Corrective Oral Appliances
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a common treatment for people with severe OSA?
A) Weight loss
B) Use of a CPAP
C) Reduced alcohol intake
D) Use of nasal decongestants
Q2) A sleep disorder caused when the muscles that support the soft palate,uvula,and tongue relax and the airway narrows or closes
A)Mouth guard
B)Obstructive sleep apnea
C)Space maintainer
D)Orthodontic tooth aligners
Q3) What is the best method of proper home care for guards?
A) Brush with toothpaste to remove debris.
B) Soak in mouthwash to remove odors.
C) Store in water when not in use.
D) Allow to air-dry in a rigid container.
Q4) What instructions would be given to a patient who receives a soft sports or bruxism guard?
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