Introduction to Databases
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Course Introduction
Introduction to Databases provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of database systems, including data models, relational databases, database design, query languages, and normalization. Students will learn how to design, implement, and manage databases, gaining practical experience with Structured Query Language (SQL) and exploring concepts such as data integrity, transaction management, and security. Emphasis is placed on real-world applications and the role of databases in supporting modern information systems, preparing students for further study or professional work in data-driven environments.
Recommended Textbook
Database Systems Design Implementation and Management 13th Edition by Carlos Coronel
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Chapter 1: Database Systems
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Q1) One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) _____ is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts.
A) End-user data
B) An encoded sample
C) An encrypted bit
D) Information
Answer: D
Q3) _____ is data about data through which the end-user data are integrated and managed.
Answer: Metadata
Q4) A(n) _____ is a spur-of-the-moment question.
Answer: ad hoc query
Q5) A database that is created and maintained using services such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS is called a(n) _____ database.
Answer: cloud
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Chapter 2: Data Models
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Q1) A(n) _____ represents a particular type of object in the real world.
A) attribute
B) entity
C) relationship
D) node
Answer: B
Q2) The _____ model uses the term connectivity to label the relationship types.
A) relational
B) network
C) object-oriented
D) entity relationship
Answer: D
Q3) In object-oriented terms, a(n) _____ defines an object's behavior.
Answer: method
Q4) The relational model's foundation is a mathematical concept known as a(n) _____.
Answer: relation
Q5) A(n) _____ is the conceptual organization of an entire database as viewed by a database administrator.
Answer: schema
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Chapter 3: The Relational Database Model
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Q1) A _____ key is defined as a key that is used strictly for data retrieval purposes.
A) lookup
B) foreign
C) candidate
D) secondary
Answer: D
Q2) A(n) _____ index is an index in which the index key can have only one pointer value (row) associated with it.
Answer: unique
Q3) If the attribute (B) is functionally dependent on a composite key (A) but not on any subset of that composite key, the attribute (B) is fully functionally dependent on (A).
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) A table is also called a(n) _____ because the relational model's creator, E. F. Codd, used the two terms as synonyms.
Answer: relation
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Chapter 4: Entity Relationship Er Modeling
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Q1) The Chen notation identifies a weak entity by using a double-walled entity _____.
Q2) An entity is said to be _____-dependent if it can exist in the database only when it is associated with another related entity occurrence.
A) existence
B) relationship
C) business
D) data
Q3) A(n) _____ relationship is also known as an identifying relationship.
Q4) A(n) _____ is the set of possible values for a given attribute.
A) domain
B) range
C) identifier
D) key
Q5) A _____ attribute can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes.
A) composite
B) simple
C) single-valued
D) multivalued
Q6) A person's Social Security number would be an example of a(n) _____ attribute.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Advanced Data Modeling
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Q1) Overlapping subtypes are subtypes that contain _____ subsets of the supertype entity set.
A) null
B) exclusive
C) solitary
D) nonunique
Q2) Subtypes that contain nonunique subsets of the supertype entity set are known as _____ subtypes.
Q3) Differentiate between specialization and generalization.
Q4) Entity supertypes and subtypes are organized in a specialization hierarchy.
A)True
B)False
Q5) If one exists, a data modeler uses a _____ as the primary key of the entity being modeled.
A) foreign key
B) combination key
C) surrogate key
D) natural identifier
Q6) _____ completeness means that every supertype occurrence must be a member of at least one subtype.
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Chapter 6: Normalization of Database Tables
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Q1) The most likely data type for a surrogate key is _____.
A) character
B) date
C) logical
D) numeric
Q2) An atomic attribute _____.
A) cannot exist in a relational table
B) cannot be further subdivided
C) displays multiplicity
D) is always chosen to be a foreign key
Q3) A table is in BCNF if every determinant in the table is a foreign key.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a(n) _____ diagram, the arrows above the attributes indicate all desirable dependencies.
A) Chen
B) dependency
C) functionality
D) ER
Q5) An attribute that cannot be further subdivided is said to display _____.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Introduction to Structured Query Language Sql
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Q1) In subquery terminology, the first query in the SQL statement is known as the _____ query.
A) outer
B) left
C) inner
D) base
Q2) Oracle users can use the Access QBE (query by example) query generator.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When using the Oracle TO_DATE function, the code _____ represents a three-letter month name.
A) MON
B) MM3
C) MONTH
D) MM
Q4) SQL is considered difficult to learn; its command set has a vocabulary of more than 300 words.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In SQL, all _____ expressions evaluate to true or false.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Advanced Sql
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Q1) If a user adds a new column to a table that already has rows, the existing rows will default to a value of _____ for the new column.
Q2) Using Oracle _____, a designer can write a PL/SQL code block by enclosing the commands inside BEGIN and END clauses.
Q3) Summarize the hierarchy of steps involved in creating and running an executable program with embedded SQL statements.
Q4) A table can be deleted from the database by using the _____ TABLE command.
A) DROP
B) DELETE
C) MODIFY
D) ERASE
Q5) A(n) _____ routine pools multiple transactions into a single batch to update a master table field in a single operation.
Q6) A(n) _____-length character data type, like VARCHAR, is typically specified with a maximum length.
Q7) In a 1:M relationship, a user must always create the table for the "_____" side first.
Q8) To delete an index, one must use the _____ command.
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Chapter 9: Database Design
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Q1) A(n) _____ rule is a brief and precise narrative of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization's environment.
Q2) During decentralized design, after the _____ has been completed, all modules are integrated into one conceptual model.
A) declaration process
B) verificationprocess
C) conceptual process
D) logical process
Q3) In DBLC, the phase after the database initial study is _____.
A) operation
B) database design
C) database initial study
D) implementation and loading
Q4) The database contents are loaded during the _____ phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
A) analysis
B) detailed systems design
C) implementation
D) maintenance
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Chapter 10: Transaction Management and Concurrency Control
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Questions
Q1) Transaction is a _____ unit of work that must be either entirely completed or aborted.
A) time
B) practical
C) logical
D) physical
Q2) The DBMS guarantees that the semantic meaning of a transaction truly represents the real-world event.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One of the three most common data integrity and consistency problems is _____.
A) lost updates
B) disk failures
C) user errors
D) deadlocks
Q4) Although the DBMS is designed to recover a database to a previous consistent state when an interruption prevents the completion of a required set of transactions, the transactions themselves are defined by the end user or programmer and must be _____ correct.
Q5) What are database checkpoints?
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Chapter 11: Database Performance Tuning and Query
Optimization
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Q1) The majority of primary memory resources will be allocated to the _____ cache.
A) data
B) SQL
C) sort
D) optimizer
Q2) Which of the following is the first step of query processing at the DBMS server end?
A) Executing
B) Parsing
C) Fetching
D) Delivering
Q3) A(n)_____ is an index based on a specific SQL function or expression.
Q4) The _____ process analyzes SQL queries and finds the most efficient way to access data.
A) optimizer
B) scheduler
C) listener
D) user
Q5) A conditional expression is normally expressed within the _____ or HAVING clauses of a SQL statement.
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Chapter 12: Distributed Database Management Systems
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Q1) Distribution transparency is supported by a distributed data dictionary.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The level of transparency supported by the distributed database management system remains the same for all systems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Typically, the _____ scenario requires a network file server running conventional applications that are accessed through a network.
Q4) A distributed database management system (DDBMS) must be communications-media-dependent.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The objective of _____ optimization is to minimize the total cost associated with the execution of a request.
A) data
B) remote
C) transaction
D) query
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Chapter 13: Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses
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Q1) A(n) _____ is optimized for decision support and is generally represented by a data warehouse or a data mart.
A) data store
B) ETL tool
C) data visualization
D) data analysis tool
Q2) A _____ index is based on 0 and 1 bits to represent a given condition.
A) logical
B) multidimensional
C) normal
D) bitmapped
Q3) _____ extends SQL so that it can differentiate between access requirements for data warehouse data and operational data.
A) ROLAP
B) OLAP
C) DBMS
D) BI
Q4) _____ is a collection of concepts, techniques, and processes for the proper identification, definition, and management of data elements within an organization.
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Chapter 14: Big Data and Nosql
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Q1) In many ways, the issues associated with volume and velocity are the same.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A(n) ______ is a process or set of operations in a calculation.
A) algorithm
B) feedback loop
C) stream
D) structure
Q3) When using a HDFS, the ______node creates new files by communicating with the______ node.
A) client; name
B) data; name
C) data; client
D) host; client
Q4) Two of the most popular applications to simplify the process of creating MapReduce jobs are Hive and ______.
A) Flume
B) Pig
C) Sqoop
D) Impala
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Chapter 15: Database Connectivity and Web Technologies
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Q1) One of the advantages of _____ over other middleware is that it requires no configuration on the client side.
A) ODBC
B) JDBC
C) OLE-DB
D) ADO.NET
Q2) XML is used to create _____, or vocabularies for entire industries.
Q3) What are the components in the basic ODBC architecture?
Q4) Using _____, you can extract data from an XML document and convert it into a text file.
A) XMLD
B) XSLT
C) DTD
D) XML schema
Q5) What is a server-side extension? Explain.
Q6) A(n) _____ is a program written in a programming language that is not compiled, but is interpreted and executed at run time.
Q7) A(n) _____ provides limited additional semantic value to XML, such as data type support or data validation rules.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Database Administration and Security
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Q1) The DSO's activities are often classified as _____ management, which includes all DBA activities designed to ensure data availability following a physical calamity or a database integrity failure.
Q2) The DBA must supervise the installation of all software and hardware designated to support the data administration strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The _____ administrator is responsible for strategic planning.
A) system
B) data
C) database
D) program
Q4) Describe the DBA's managerial role.
Q5) The _____ aspect of introducing a DBMS in an organization deals with hardware and software changes in the organization.
Q6) In the context of database administration, _____ is the extent to which individuals and organizations have the right to determine the "who, what, when, where, and how" of data usage.
Q7) A(n) _____ physically stores the database's data.
18
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