Introduction to Databases
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Databases offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts and technologies underlying database systems. This course covers data models, relational databases, SQL queries, normalization, and database design principles. Students will explore how databases are structured, managed, and utilized in software applications, gaining practical experience with real-world databases and industry-standard database management systems. Key topics also include data integrity, transactions, security, and an introduction to NoSQL and modern data storage paradigms. This course is essential for anyone interested in software development, data analytics, or managing and organizing large datasets.
Recommended Textbook
Database Processing Fundamentals Design and Implementation 14th Edition by David
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Page 2
M. Kroenke
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) This database component can be used as part of applications and for administration tasks.
A)Tables
B)Metadata
C)Triggers
D)Stored procedures
Answer: D
Q2) Database professionals use ________ as specific data sources for studies and analyses.
A)data marts
B)normalization
C)data models
D)entity-relationship data modeling
Answer: A
Q3) Microsoft Access is just a DBMS.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Introduction to Structured Query Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outer joins can be either up joins or down joins.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The SQL built-in function COUNT computes the number of rows in a query.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q3) In an SQL query,which built-in function is used to obtain the smallest value of numeric columns?
A)AVG
B)COUNT
C)MAX
D)MIN Answer: D
Q4) The result of an SQL SELECT operation can contain duplicate rows.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: The Relational Model and Normalization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Referential integrity constraints are used to limit the possible values of a ________.
A)composite key
B)candidate key
C)foreign key
D)surrogate key
Answer: C
Q2) Domain/key normal form requires that every constraint be a logical consequence of the definition of domains and keys.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) A constraint that requires an instance of an entity to exist in one relation before it can be referenced in another relation is called an insertion anomaly.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Database Design Using Normalization
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are inconsistent values,and why are they a problem?
Q2) When accessing table structure,and determining the number and types of columns in a table,how can you control how many rows are returned?
Q3) The first step in assessing table structure is to count rows and examine columns.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The problem with a general-purpose remarks column is that the data it contains are likely to be verbal,inconsistent,and stored in a verbose manner.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Relations in BCNF have no modification anomalies in regard to functional dependencies.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A null value in a column may indicate that there is no appropriate value for that attribute.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Data Modeling With the Entity-Relationship
Model
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Sample Questions
Q1) In an E-R model,the three types of maximum cardinality are 1:1,1:N,and N:M.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Relationships are classified by their cardinality.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In an E-R model,the three types of minimum cardinality are mandatory,optional,and indeterminate.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Relationships among instances of a single entity class are called redundant relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A hash mark across the relationship line near an entity indicates ________.
A)a maximum cardinality of "zero"
B)a maximum cardinality of "one"
C)a minimum cardinality of "optional"
D)a minimum cardinality of "required"
Page 7
Q6) What is meant by the degree of a relationship?
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Chapter 6: Transforming Data Models Into Database Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) To represent an N:M relationship in a relational database design,an intersection table is created.
A)True
B)False
Q2) To represent a 1:N relationship in a relational database design,an intersection table is created.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A referential integrity constraint policy that insures that foreign key values in a table are correctly maintained when there is a change to the primary key value in the parent table is called ________.
A)incremental updates
B)incremental deletes
C)cascading updates
D)cascading deletes
Q4) Which of the following is not true about surrogate keys?
A)They are identifiers that are supplied by the system,not the users.
B)They have no meaning to the users.
C)They are non-unique within a table.
D)They can be problematic when combining databases.
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Chapter 7: SQL for Database Construction and Application Processing
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Sample Questions
Q1) SQL triggers can be used when the DBMS receives an INSERT request.
A)True
B)False
Q2) SQL views are constructed from ________.
A)CREATE statements
B)INSERT statements
C)UPDATE statements
D)SELECT statements
Q3) The values in an SQL view are not always changeable through the view itself.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When the correct SQL command is used to delete a table's structure,the command can only be used with a table that has already had its data removed.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which SQL statement is used to retrieve view instances?
A)CREATE
B)DELETE
C)INSERT
D)SELECT
10
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Chapter 8: Database Redesign
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because of the need to know the functional dependencies in a database,it is a good idea to create a(n)________.
A)conceptual schema
B)internal schema
C)dependency graph
D)table-relationship diagram
Q2) In order to make sure the database redesign is working properly during the redesign testing process,a means must be created to ________.
A)reverse engineer all test databases
B)graph dependencies in all test databases
C)recover all test databases to their original state
D)re-interview all relevant users
Q3) SQL queries that use EXISTS and NOT EXISTS are ________.
A)normal subqueries
B)correlated subqueries
C)uncorrelated subqueries
D)constraint dependent subqueries
Q4) Discuss workable data conversion and possible data loss when changing column data types during a database redesign.
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Chapter 9: Managing Multiuser Databases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Concurrency control measures are taken to ensure that one user's work has absolutely no influence on another user's work.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A transaction is sometimes called atomic because it is performed as a unit.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In two-phase locking,all locks are obtained during the growing phase.
A)True
B)False
Q4) With optimistic locking,the assumption is made that no conflict will occur.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A dirty read happens when one transaction reads a changed record that has not been committed to the database.
A)True
B)False
Q6) With pessimistic locking,the assumption is made that a conflict will occur. A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Managing Databases With SQL Server 2014
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio,the amount to add to the surrogate key value when adding a new row is specified by the increment property.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The SQL Server GUI program is the Enterprise Manager.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Briefly explain the process for importing spreadsheet data into a SQL Server table,and indicate some of the pitfalls or potential problems.
Q4) The developer can direct SQL Server to create indexes on non-key fields.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Using only SQL Server tools,you can enter data into a table by ________.
A)entering it into a table grid in the Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio
B)using INSERT statements through the Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio
C)using an SQL Server form
D)Both A and B are correct
Q6) Briefly describe how a developer defines the type of locking behavior to be used with SQL Server.
Page 13
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Chapter 11: Managing Databases With Oracle Database
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the event of an application failure,Oracle Database uses the in-memory rollback segments and OnLine ReDo files to recover.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Control files,as used by Oracle Database's backup and recovery features,contain records of database changes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Oracle Database Configuration Assistant is the easiest Oracle Database tool to use when you are creating an Oracle database.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA)?
Q5) Oracle Database uses a System Change Number (SCN)to identify before images in rollback segments to prevent dirty reads.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain the Oracle Database PL/SQL control-of-flow statements.
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Chapter 12: Managing Databases With Mysql 56
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Sample Questions
Q1) To run an SQL script,click the "Execute SQL Script (or selected portion)" button on the MySQL Workbench.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A new MySQL database is created using the New Database dialog box.
A)True
B)False
Q3) MySQL uses MySQL OLD transition variables with triggers to access old data updated or deleted from a table row.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The MySQL SQL/PSM statement used to test for a condition and then direct which blocks of code should be run depending on the outcome of the test is ________.
A)DECLARE
B)BEGIN
C)IF...THEN...ELSE...END IF
D)REPEAT
Q5) What is MySQL?
Q6) Explain the MySQL cursor statements.
Page 15
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Chapter 13: The Web Server Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the different types of conformance levels within the ODBC standard,and why do they exist?
Q2) ODBC works with table-like data sources such as relational databases and spreadsheets.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An ADO.NET dataset can have primary and foreign keys,but ADO.NET does not support referential integrity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How does an application determine the level of ODBC conformance available from a driver?
A)The application makes a call to the driver manager.
B)The application makes a call to the data source.
C)The application makes a call to the driver.
D)The developer must determine the level of conformance before the application is written.
Q5) Briefly describe NetBeans.
Q6) Give an example of how XML can be used with a DBMS.
Q7) Distinguish among the four types of JDBC drivers.
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Chapter 14: Big Data, Data-Warehouses, and Business Intelligence Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) OLAP provides the ability to sum,count,average,and perform other simple arithmetic operations on groups of data.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a common form of RFM analysis,customers with an R score of 5 are in the 20% of customers who have the most recent orders.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Although Microsoft Excel 2013 will create a PivotTable report using SQL Server 2014 data,it does not have formatting tools that can be used with the report.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Data mining applications are used to accomplish all of the following tasks except ________.
A)perform what-if analysis
B)make predications
C)facilitate decision making
D)update the database
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Chapter 15: Getting Started With Microsoft Access 2013
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the Microsoft Access 2013 Navigation Pane.
Q2) Each of the following is a way of inserting data into a Microsoft Access table except
A)Datasheet view
B)a data entry form
C)QBE
D)SQL
Q3) The Microsoft Access application generator is not responsible for ________.
A)creating forms
B)creating reports
C)creating queries
D)creating tables
Q4) Microsoft Access 2013 uses the Microsoft Office Fluent User Interface.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The default Microsoft Access 2013 command tabs are HOME,CREATE,INTERNAL DATA and DATABASE TOOLS.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain how to create a relationship in Microsoft Access.Include an example.
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Getting Started With Systems Analysis and Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) Michael Porter includes manufacturing operations in his list of primary activities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Briefly define and discuss what an information system is,the five components that comprise an information system,and what the purpose of an information system is.
Q3) Which of the following is not a component of a computer-based information system?
A)Hardware
B)Software
C)The inventory in the warehouse
D)Data
Q4) What are the five steps or stages of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?
Q5) Information systems must be both developed and used to help businesses reach their goals and objectives.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What activities take place during the component design step of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?
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Chapter 17: E-R Diagrams and the IDEF1X Standard
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Q1) Extended E-R model weak,but non-ID-dependent relationships are called nonidentifying connection relationships in IDEF1X.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In IDEF1X,a category cluster includes BLACK and WHITE,which are the only possible categories.This is an IDEF1X ________.
A)complete category cluster
B)incomplete category cluster
C)inherited category cluster
D)inconclusive category cluster
Q3) What is IDEF1X?
Q4) In IDEF1X,extended E-R model subtype entities are grouped into ________.
A)generic entities
B)category entities
C)nonspecific entities
D)category clusters
E)There is no equivalent IDEF1X term.
Q5) What are the IDEF1X equivalents of 1:1,1:N and N:M relationships?
Q6) What symbols are used in IDEF1X diagrams to represent cardinalities?
Page 20
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Chapter 18: E-R Diagrams and the UML Standard
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Q1) Which of the following is not a true statement about the current version of UML?
A)UML places a filled-in diamond on the parent of a weak entity.
B)UML provides a means to document exclusivity among subtypes.
C)UML uses the label <identifying> to document an ID-dependent relationship.
D)UML shows the cardinality on the parent entity of a weak entity as simply "1."
Q2) In UML-style E-R diagrams,the third segment of an entity class contains ________.
A)the name of the entity
B)the cardinalities of the entity
C)constraints and methods
D)entity attributes
Q3) What is OOP persistence,and how is it indicated in UML-style E-R diagrams?
Q4) In UML,an attribute preceded by a(n)________ is "protected."
A)<persistent>
B)#
C)-
D)+
Q5) What cardinality format is used in UML-style E-R diagrams?
Q6) What format is used for weak entities in UML-style E-R diagrams?
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Chapter 19: Getting Started With Mysql Workbench Data
Modeling Tools
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Sample Questions
Q1) To create a new MySQL Workbench EER model,you can use the File | New Model command.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Table column characteristics can be edited in the MySQL Table Editor.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the MySQL Connector/ODBC and how to install it.
Q4) To add a table to a database design,click the Place a New Table button,move the cursor to the diagram area and click the left mouse button.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In the MySQL Workbench,a 1:N non-identifying relationship between two tables that already contain the needed primary and foreign keys is created using ________.
A)the 1:N Identifying Relationship button
B)the 1:N Non-identifying Relationship button
C)the N:M Identifying Relationship button
D)the Place a Relationship Using Existing Columns button
Q6) Describe how to set table properties in a MySQL Workbench database design.
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Chapter 20: Getting Started With Microsoft Visio 2013
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Microsoft Visio 2013,the arrow end of the Relationship connector object points to the table containing the foreign key.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In Microsoft Visio 2013,clicking the File command tab opens the Backstage view.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In Microsoft Visio 2013,we can create database designs using Entity and Dynamic connector objects.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In Microsoft Visio 2013,how do we create database designs?
Q5) In Microsoft Visio 2013,how do we format line ends in data models to represent the symbols used in the IE Crow's Foot notation?
Q6) Microsoft Visio 2013 is a component of Microsoft Office 2013. A)True
B)False
Q7) When using Microsoft Visio 2013,how do we create a blank diagram for use with a data model?
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Chapter 21: Data Structures for Database Processing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Linked lists can be used to keep records in ________.
A)logical order
B)physical order
C)sequential order
D)pseudo order
Q2) Simple networks can be represented by using ________.
A)indexes or linked lists
B)linked lists or sequential lists
C)sequential lists or indexes
D)complex networks
Q3) Keys may include all of the following except ________.
A)primary keys
B)unique secondary keys
C)nonunique secondary keys
D)nonunique primary keys
Q4) Each physical record is addressed by its ________.
A)relative record number (RRN)
B)sequential record number (SRN)
C)transaction record number (TRN)
D)ultimate record number (URN)
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Chapter 22: the Semantic Object Model
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Sample Questions
Q1) Semantic objects represent distinct identities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A semantic object must represent something with a physical existence.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What type of attribute has a single element?
A)Single
B)Simple
C)Link
D)Compound
Q4) A compound object is a semantic object that contains at least one ________.
A)single-value,group attribute
B)multi-value,simple or group attribute
C)object attribute
D)multi-value attribute
Q5) Explain the differences between the E-R model and the semantic object model.
Q6) The key of an attribute is a description of an attribute's possible values.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 23: Getting Started With Web Servers, PHP, and the
Netbeans IDE
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Q1) For a Web server running the Windows operating system,the Web server typically used is ________.
A)the IIS Web server
B)the Apache Web server
C)the Tomcat Web server
D)the ASP.NET Web server
Q2) For a workstation running the Windows operating system,the user file system permissions Modify and Write must be granted to the Users group at the wwwroot folder.
A)True
B)False
Q3) For a Web server running the Linux operating system,the Web server typically used is ________.
A)the IIS Web server
B)the Apache Web server
C)the Tomcat Web server
D)the ASP.NET Web server
Q4) What is theNetBeans IDE?
Q5) What is the Microsoft Web Platform Installer,and what are the advantages and disadvantages of using it to install PHP?
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Chapter 24: Business Intelligence Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reports that rely on the most current data when they are prepared are called dynamic reports.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Business Intelligence (BI)systems do which of the following?
A)Analyze current and past activities
B)Predict future events
C)Record and process transactions
D)Both A and B are correct
Q3) RFM scores commonly range from ________,with ________ being the "high" or "most desirable" score.
A)0 to 5;0
B)0 to 5;5
C)1 to 5,1
D)1 to 5;5
Q4) Report systems include three functions: authoring,management,and delivery.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is operational data sometimes unusable for Business Intelligence use?
Q6) What is a data warehouse?
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Chapter 25: Big Data
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Sample Questions
Q1) Graph databases are composed of ________.
A)Nodes,Properties,and Edges
B)Properties,Columns,and SuperColumns
C)Edges,Nodes,and Tables
D)Nodes,Columns,and Properties
Q2) The default cardinality for elements in an XML Schema is ________.
A)0.1
B)1.1
C)1.N
D)M.N
Q3) An example of a key-value database is ________.
A)DynamoDB
B)Couchbase Server
C)Bigtable
D)Neo4j
Q4) XML documents that conform to an XML Schema are validated against that schema.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is XML,and why is it significantly better than HTML?
Q6) What does NoSQL stand for,and what does it mean?
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