Introduction to Criminology Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Criminology provides a comprehensive overview of the study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. This course explores the origins and development of criminological theories, the sociological, psychological, and economic factors influencing criminal behavior, and the impact of crime on individuals and society. Students will examine crime patterns, types of crime, victimology, and the roles of law enforcement, courts, and corrections. By analyzing contemporary issues and case studies, the course encourages critical thinking about the causes of crime and the effectiveness of various strategies for crime prevention and control.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Criminal Justice 4th Edition by Robert M. Bohm
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14 Chapters
943 Verified Questions
943 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Crime and Justice in the United States
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Critics of the American media argue that the news media have a dual obligation to:
A) present news that reflects a higher focus on international crime than on domestic crime and maintain their presentation of sensational crimes.
B) present news that reflects a more balanced picture of the overall crime problem and increase their presentation of sensational crimes.
C) present news that reflects a more balanced picture of the overall crime problem and reduce their presentation of sensational crimes.
D) present news that reflects a higher focus on international crime than on domestic crime and reduce their presentation of sensational crimes.
Answer: C
Q2) Plea bargaining is the perfect mechanism for achieving the primary focus of the due process model-efficiency.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Crime and Its Consequences
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The further a crime index is from the initial commission of crime,the more accurate it is as a measure of the true amount of crime.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Widowers
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: B
Q3) People aged 65 or older
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: B
Q4) Persons with an income of $75,000 or more
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Explaining Crime
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The research of the <b>Chicago School </b>was based on a model taken from:
A) psychoanalysis.
B) ecology.
C) history.
D) sociology.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following assumes that society is based primarily on disagreements between competing interest groups-for instance,the rich against the poor,management against labor,whites against minorities,men against women,adults against children?
A) conflict theory
B) labeling theory
C) social disorganization theory
D) radical theory
Answer: A
Q3) One objection to radical theory is that the radical definition of crime as the violation of human rights is too narrow and specific.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Rule of Law
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The purpose of criminal justice is to enforce the criminal law.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Burger and Rehnquist Supreme Courts from the 1970s until the present have actively preserved the work of the Warren Court.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A person may refuse a warrantless search except under certain conditions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The principle of using precedents to guide future decisions in court cases is called:
A) stare decisis.
B) ex post facto.
C) eyre.
D) common law.
Q5) Define mere suspicion,reasonable suspicion,and probable cause.
Q6) Define<b> preponderance of evidence,clear and convincing evidence,and beyond a reasonable doubt</b>.
Q7) Name the five ideal features of good criminal laws.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: History and Structure of American Law
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three emphasis areas of community policing are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?
A) Fighting crime
B) Delivering social services
C) Eradicating the causes of crime in a community
D) Keeping peace
Q2) The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in:
A) New England.
B) Texas.
C) New York.
D) England.
Q3) In the <b>highway patrol model</b>,the agency and its officers have essentially the same enforcement powers as local police in the state and can work cases and enforce the law anywhere within the state's boundaries.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Your textbook names four generalizations about American law enforcement.Name those four generalizations.
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Chapter 6: Police Work
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your textbook describes several ways in which cybercriminals can illegally access,manipulate,or steal computer data.Three of these ways are listed below.Which is NOT one of the ways listed in your textbook?
A) Cybercriminals can alter computer records at financial, business, and educational institutions.
B) Cybercriminals alter DNA records, thus hampering and sometimes destroying criminal investigations.
C) Cybercriminals often illegally enter computer systems and introduce viruses or worms.
D) Cybercriminals illegally transfer millions of dollars to their accounts.
Q2) Your textbook describes four characteristics that generally define the role of the police.Three are listed below.Which one is NOT described in your textbook?
A) The police perform ongoing educational roles in the community.
B) The police are community leaders in public safety.
C) The police occasionally serve in a hostile or dangerous environment.
D) The police solve sociological and technological problems for people on a short-term basis.
Q3) Name the three essential and complementary components or operational strategies.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Policing America: Issues and Ethics
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Police officers cannot make an arrest for every violation of law-that is,they cannot provide:
A) limited discretion.
B) selective enforcement.
C) high discretion.
D) full enforcement.
Q2) Which of the following is a measure of coercion beyond what is necessary to control participants in a conflict?
A) Deadly force
B) Job stress
C) Excessive force
D) Harassment
Q3) Research data clearly show that the general public has more respect for the police and their ethical standards than it does for a variety of other occupations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Your textbook lists seven advantages to hiring college-educated police officers.Name four of these advantages.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: The Administration of Justice
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Today's state legislatures are increasingly replacing determinate sentences with indeterminate ones.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In ____,the legislature determines a sentence range for each crime that is usually based on the seriousness of the crime and the criminal history of the offender.
A) determinate
B) presumptive sentencing
C) indeterminate
D) flat-time
Q3) According to a 2003 Gallup poll,approximately what percent of Americans favored the death penalty for people convicted of first-degree murder?
A) 44
B) 64
C) 74
D) 94
Q4) Name and explain the three procedural reforms approved by the Supreme Court in Gregg for death penalty cases.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Sentencing, Appeals, and the Death Penalty
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Generally,a presentence investigation report (PSI)is prepared by a:
A) defendant.
B) prosecutor.
C) judge.
D) probation officer.
Q2) In an <b>appellate review</b>,the appellate court compares the sentence in the case it is reviewing with penalties imposed in similar cases in the state.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In ____,the legislature determines a sentence range for each crime that is usually based on the seriousness of the crime and the criminal history of the offender.
A) determinate
B) presumptive sentencing
C) indeterminate
D) flat-time
Q4) Name and explain the three procedural reforms approved by the Supreme Court in Gregg for death penalty cases.
Q5) Name the five methods of execution currently in use in the United States.
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Chapter 10: Institutional Corrections
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the special supermaximum-security prison built for the war on terrorism?
A) Camp Granada
B) Camp Omega
C) Camp Delta
D) Camp Al-Qaeda
Q2) Which of the following has research shown to be an advantage of direct-supervision jails?
A) they provide a less stressful, more positive, and safer environment for inmates and staff
B) they enhance supervision by reducing the number of unsupervised areas
C) they reduce inmate violations for contraband possession, destruction of property, escapes, disrespecting officers and staff, suicides, and violence
D) all of the choices are correct
Q3) Cocorrectional prisons are usually____,and security is typically ____.
A) small; minimum
B) small; medium
C) large; medium
D) large; "high/close"
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Prison Life, Inmate Rights, and Release
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the restoration of convicted felons' civil rights?
A) some rights are restored automatically
B) some rights are restored by executive or judicial proceedings
C) some rights are lost permanently
D) all of the choices are true
Q2) Depending on the jurisdiction,convicted felons lose a variety of civil rights.Which of the following is NOT a civil right commonly forfeited by convicted felons?
A) the right to vote
B) the right to hold public office
C) the right to serve on a grand or petit jury
D) all of the choices are rights that are commonly forfeited
Q3) Shifting patterns in prison release indicate the strong emphasis placed on ____ during the 1980s and the use of ____ to structure early-release decisions.
A) determinate sentencing; statistical guidelines
B) parole boards; mandatory release
C) statistical guidelines; parole boards
D) determinate sentencing; parole boards
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13
Chapter 12: Community Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to your text,three central elements must be proven to establish liability on the part of parole and probation officials.Which of the following is NOT one of these elements?
A) Evidence of a breach to friends and family of the parolee or probationer
B) An injury or damage to a person or group proximately caused by the breach of duty
C) The existence of a legal duty owed the public
D) Evidence of a breach of the required standard of duty
Q2) Which of the following states had the largest probation population at year-end 2004?
A) Ohio
B) Florida
C) Texas
D) California
Q3) Most parole boards are administratively consolidated with the department of corrections.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define four of the five types of intermediate sanctions discussed in your textbook.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice
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72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Name the outcome of McKeiver v.Pennsylvania (1971),and give the three reasons listed in your textbook that explain the Supreme Court's decision.
Q2) Three of the following are types of restitution that are discussed in your textbook.Which of the following does NOT belong?
A) Victim-service restitution
B) Monetary restitution
C) Community-service restitution
D) Educational restitution
Q3) What must be proven at a waiver hearing in order to allow waiver to adult court? What other three factors must the prosecutor prove,in most states?
Q4) When police have contact with juveniles in lower-class communities,____ become more likely because ____ are believed to be ineffective in most cases.
A) informal responses; social controls
B) social controls; formal responses
C) formal responses; informal responses
D) informal responses; formal responses
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Understanding and Predicting the Future of Criminal Justice
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Participatory justice is a form of:
A) punitive justice.
B) incapacitation.
C) restorative justice.
D) deterrence.
Q2) How do some identity-theft victims want financial institutions to do a better job of preventing and detecting identity theft?
A) improve authentication measures (for example, photos on credit cards)
B) more thorough identification procedures by employees during credit transactions
C) better monitoring of account activity and notification of irregularities
D) all of the choices are correct
Q3) Currently,transnational organized crime is mainly addressed at the international level,when it is dealt with at all.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Your textbook names several types of criminal justice technology that are currently on the drawing board.Name five of them.
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