Introduction to Criminal Law Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Criminal Law offers students a foundational understanding of the principles, concepts, and processes that define criminal law within the legal system. The course examines the nature and purpose of criminal law, the elements required to establish criminal liability, and the categorization of crimes such as homicide, theft, and assault. Key topics include the distinction between felonies and misdemeanors, the roles of intent and causation, and various defenses to criminal charges. Students will also explore the structure of the criminal justice system, from crime investigation to prosecution and adjudication. Through analysis of landmark cases and hypothetical scenarios, the course equips students with a critical framework for interpreting legal statutes and understanding the societal implications of criminal law.
Recommended Textbook
Criminal Procedure for the Criminal Justice Professional 12th Edition by John N. Ferdico
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15 Chapters
900 Verified Questions
900 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Individual Rights Under the United States
Constitution
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The privilege against self-incrimination applies to compelling a person to _____. A) appear in a lineup in which all individuals will read a standard script
B) furnish a blood sample which might match that of the perpetrator C) make a statement which indicates they might be guilty D) furnish their fingerprints for comparison with the perpetrators
Answer: C
Q2) The judicial branch of law expounds and interprets the law.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) An advocate of the crime control model would support increased funding for police and prosecutors and to build more prisons.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The _____________________ branch of government creates most of the law of criminal procedure.
Answer: judicial
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Chapter 2: Criminal Courts, Pretrial Processes, and the
Exclusionary
Rule
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A plea of nolo contendere is an admission of guilt, but cannot be used against the defendant in a civil action.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) A court with only appellate jurisdiction has the authority to _____.
A) retry a case
B) review the evidence to determine facts
C) review the legal issues of a case
D) review only plain error
Answer: C
Q3) The location of the court is referred to as the ______________.
Answer: venue
Q4) Competency to stand trial _____.
A) must be determined before an individual can be arraigned
B) may be raised at any point during the trial but before a verdict is rendered
C) must be raised prior to any evidence being hears
D) may be raised at any point of the proceedings, including after conviction
Answer: D
4
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Chapter 3: Basic Underlying Concepts: Property, Privacy,
Probable Cause, and Reasonableness
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The common law approach to applying the Fourth Amendment to particular cases was to focus on whether _____.
A) the subjective privacy rights of the individual had been violated
B) law enforcement used force during a search and/or seizure
C) the government agent intentionally violated the constitutional protection
D) there was a physical intrusion into a constitutionally protected area
Answer: D
Q2) Third party information is often referred to as ________.
Answer: hearsay
Q3) Which of the following, standing alone, can serve as the basis for probable cause?
A) flight of a person from an area
B) furtive conduct
C) false or improbable answers to questions
D) observation and evaluation of real or physical evidence
Answer: D
Q4) The Gates v. Illinois (1983) decision abandoned rigid adherence to the Aguilar-Spinelli criteria in favor of a __________ approach to determining probable cause.
Answer: "totality of the circumstances"
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Criminal Investigatory Search Warrants
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Officers have a warrant authorizing search for narcotics allegedly being sold in a tavern. When they execute the warrant, there is a bartender and eighteen customers. Select the officers' most legally sound course of action.
A) The officers may search the premises and everyone in it for drugs.
B) The officers may search the premises for drugs and frisk the people for weapons.
C) The officers may search the premises for drugs, but need specific probable cause for each person they want to search for drugs or frisk for weapons.
D) The officers may search the premises for drugs, but need specific probable cause for each person they want to search for drugs and specific, articulable suspicion of danger to frisk for weapons.
Q2) A search warrant commands that the officer bring any seized property before the judicial authority named in the warrant.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A ___________ of property occurs when there is some meaningful interference with an individual's possessory interests in that property.
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Chapter 5: Searches for Electronically Stored Information
and Electronic Surveillance
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term _____ transfer refers to a transfer containing the human voice at any point between, and including, the point of origin and the point of reception?
A) aural
B) electronic
C) intercept
D) oral
Q2) In Olmstead v. United States (1928), the Court held that wiretapping of telephone conversations _____.
A) is covered by the Fourth Amendment, but does not violate it
B) was not covered by the Fourth Amendment
C) is covered by the Fourth Amendment, and is a violation of it
D) was only a partial violation of the Fourth Amendment
Q3) List a minimum of three forms of wiretaps. Describe each.
Q4) Title III of the Wiretap Act applies to the use of electronic devices emitting signals that enable law enforcement officials to track the location of objects and persons.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is meant by sealing/putting under seal and why this is done?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Administrative and Special Needs Searches
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Fourth Amendment clearly applies to searches and seizures conducted on the campuses of public colleges and universities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Determining the reasonableness of any search involves determining whether
A) the action was justified at its inception
B) the warrant was valid on its face
C) the person was cooperative during the interference
D) a physical arrest was made in the process
Q3) Describe how the events of September 11, 2001 impacted government use of the "special needs" doctrine to justify intrusions of individual privacy.
Q4) In response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, cities across the United States took steps to increase security to protect buses, trains, ferries, and other forms of public transportation from terrorist attack. To date, the courts _____.
A) have been antagonistic toward these measures
B) have been supportive of these measures
C) have refused to review appeals from these cases
D) have not been asked to address this issue
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Chapter 7: Arrests, Searches Incident to Arrest, and Protective Sweeps
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly explain what is meant by the term warrantless arrest authority?
Q2) In __________ v. United States, the Supreme Court clearly stated that an officer's ulterior motives do not invalidate the officer's conduct that is justifiable on the basis of probable cause to believe that a violation of law has occurred.
Q3) A police officer has arrested a woman in her car for driving while intoxicated. What may the officer search incident to the arrest:
A) the officer may search the passenger compartment of the car and any open or closed containers therein, as well as the arrestee.
B) the officer may search the passenger compartment of the car and any open containers therein but not the closed containers.
C) the officer may search the passenger compartment of the car but none of the containers without a warrant.
D) the officer may not search in the car.
Q4) The issuance of a traffic citation alone is not a lawful custodial arrest sufficient to justify a search incident to arrest.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Stops and Frisks
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) United States v. Seelye listed six factors and circumstances to be considered in determining the amount and kind of force that is reasonable and consistent with an investigative stop. Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?
A) number of officers and police cars involved
B) nature of the crime and whether there is reason to believe that the suspect is armed
C) need for immediate action by the officer
D) the training and experience level of the officer(s) involved
Q2) A _____ is the least intrusive type of seizure of a person under the Fourth Amendment.
A) frisk
B) pat-down
C) stop
D) pursuit
Q3) A suspect brakes abruptly and pulls into a private driveway while extinguishing his headlights before getting to a sobriety road check in order to avoid being questioned by the police. These acts would best be described as ______________ gestures.
Q4) What is meant by a show of authority?
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Chapter 9: Consent Searches
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Sample Questions
Q1) Officers knock on a door of an apartment being rented by a male suspect. A female opens the door and the officers ask her if the suspect is home. She says "Not right now," but the officers don't believe her and want permission to enter and look for themselves. They have no warrant or other justification. What should the officer's do first?
A) ask her if she will consent to their search.
B) ask her if she lives there.
C) ask her to step out of the apartment, since there might be trouble.
D) ask her when he will return, since she can't give permission.
Q2) An employer may consent to a search of any part of the employer's premises over which the employer has exclusive control, but may not consent to a search of an area that the employer has joint authority and control together with a particular employee.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If police state truthfully that they will obtain a warrant if consent is withheld, the consent is considered _________.
Q4) A __________ is a person in possession of someone else's personal property with the lawful permission of the rightful owner.
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11
Chapter 10: The Plain View Doctrine and Special Needs
Searches
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A police officer intent on writing parking tickets is walking along a city street when he notices the smell of burning marijuana. He traces the smell to a curtained, street level, basement window which is partially open. The officer gets down on his knees and looks where he can see over the top of the window and he sees evidence of illicit drug activity. The officer's actions _____.
A) are lawful because he saw only what any curious passerby could see
B) are unlawful within the plain view doctrine because he invaded privacy
C) are unlawful within the plain view doctrine because he used extraordinary means
D) are lawful because no seizure immediately occurred
Q2) If the plain view doctrine is found to apply, it will justify a warrantless seizure of an item _____.
A) unless it is a situation where there is a strong preference for a warrant
B) regardless of whether the officer had a right to be at the location
C) unless there was an intrusion into that individual's possessory interest
D) regardless of any apparent intrusion into that individual's possessory interest
Q3) It is important to remember that the Fourth Amendment does not prohibit searches and seizures, only _________ searches and seizures.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Search and Seizure of Vehicles and Containers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the rationale and the scope of searches allowed under the Carroll doctrine regarding automobile exceptions to search warrants.
Q2) If possible, warrantless searches under the __________ doctrine should be conducted immediately at the scene where the vehicle is stopped.
Q3) Law enforcement officers with probable cause to search a motor vehicle may inspect passengers' belongings found in the vehicle that are capable of concealing the object of the search.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Owners or renters of a vehicle, and those riding with them, have standing under the Fourth Amendment to challenge a search of a vehicle they recently occupied.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The controlling consideration in the warrantless search of a vehicle is __________ to believe that the vehicle contains items that are connected with criminal activity and thus are subject to seizure.
Q6) A valid inventory search requires neither __________ nor a(n) __________.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Open Fields and Abandoned Property
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Sample Questions
Q1) A _____ is properly considered to be part of the open fields.
A) curtilage
B) dwelling
C) attached garage
D) forest around the home
Q2) The __________ case described the factors to determine whether property falls within a house's curtilage and hence is protected by the Fourth Amendment.
Q3) Enclosing an area with a sight-obscuring fence will _____.
A) bring it within the curtilage
B) bring it within the curtilage if it is within a posted, wooded area
C) not bring it within the curtilage if it is already outside the curtilage
D) not bring it within the curtilage if it is in proximity to the house
Q4) In a multiple occupancy dwelling, which of the following is typically NOT accessible under the open fields doctrine?
A) hallways
B) balconies
C) elevators
D) stairways
Q5) The case which established the basic open fields doctrine is __________.
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Chapter 13: Interrogations, Admissions, and Confessions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the essential reason why the right to counsel under the Fifth Amendment is less restrictive on the role of the police than the right to counsel under the Sixth Amendment?
A) The right to counsel under the Fifth Amendment can be waived, but the right cannot be waived under the Sixth Amendment.
B) The Sixth Amendment is part of the Bill of Rights; the Fifth Amendment is not.
C) The Sixth Amendment concerns rights after criminal charges have been formally filed.
D) The "due process" provisions of the Fifth Amendment are less enforceable in court than the provisions of the Sixth Amendment.
Q2) The essential ingredient which must be present for a statement to be considered involuntary is police __________.
Q3) Some courts have ruled that a confession produced by trickery or __________ is not necessarily involuntary.
Q4) Miranda warnings are required to be given anytime a person is in custody. A)True B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Pretrial Visual Identification Procedures
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Yerkes-Dodson law posits perception and memory are at their best when the person is experiencing a(n) _____ level of stress.
A) extremely high
B) high
C) medium
D) low
Q2) Unarranged, spontaneous showups are considered impermissibly suggestive for constitutional law purposes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A __________ error is a belief that events that were imagined were actually perceived.
Q4) Applying the rule of law of Kirby v. Illinois, in which of the below choices does the suspect not have a right to have an attorney prior to or during the confrontation?
A) an on-scene showup immediately after a warrantless arrest
B) a lineup held immediately after initial appearance
C) a showup held immediately after preliminary hearing
D) a lineup held immediately after indictment
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Criminal Trials, Appeals, and Postconviction
Remedies
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Baldwin v. New York, 399 U.S. 66, 69 (1970), in which of the following situations does a defendant has a right to trial by jury under the Sixth Amendment?
A) in all criminal prosecutions
B) in prosecutions for offenses for which an imprisonment penalty is a possibility
C) in all prosecutions for which the possible penalty is 6 months or more imprisonment
D) in all prosecutions including juvenile court proceedings
Q2) A __________ is issued to a person accused of a crime to compel attendance at a criminal proceeding.
Q3) Identify and describe three different rules of evidence.
Q4) Write a brief paragraph describing what takes place during voir dire.
Q5) Select the true statement regarding federal sentencing guidelines.
A) They are mandatory in all federal cases.
B) They are advisory in all federal cases.
C) They are mandatory in federal felony cases, but advisory in federal misdemeanor cases.
D) They are mandatory in cases where a judge resolved a question of fact.
Q6) Explain the differences between a subpoena and a summons.
Page 17
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