Introduction to Criminal Justice Exam Review
Course Introduction
Introduction to Criminal Justice provides an overview of the American criminal justice system, examining its three primary components: law enforcement, courts, and corrections. The course explores the historical development of these institutions, key legal concepts, the roles of various justice professionals, and the policies and procedures that guide them. Students will analyze the process from the investigation of crimes through arrest, prosecution, adjudication, sentencing, and corrections, as well as contemporary issues such as crime prevention, juvenile justice, and the balance between public safety and civil liberties. By the end of the course, students will have a foundational understanding of the functions, challenges, and evolving trends within the criminal justice system.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Criminal Justice 4th Edition by Robert M. Bohm
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14 Chapters
943 Verified Questions
943 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2068
Page 2
Chapter 1: Crime and Justice in the United States
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41146
Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)____ is a charging document specifying that an offense has been committed by a person or persons named or described.
A) information
B) grand jury indictment
C) complaint
D) all of the choices are correct
Answer: C
Q2) Explain the<b> doctrine of legal guilt</b>.
Answer: According to the doctrine of legal guilt,people are not to be held guilty of crimes merely on a showing,based on reliable evidence,that in all probability they did in fact do what they are accused of doing.It is not enough that people are factually guilty; they must also be legally guilty.This means that the integrity of due-process rights must be maintained.
Q3) Judges are limited by statutory provisions when passing a sentence.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Crime and Its Consequences
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In most jurisdictions,deadly force may be used to protect one's property.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Never married,divorced,or separated people
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: A
Q3) Survey results discussed in your text suggest that there is a greater fear of being ____ than there is of being ____.
A) the victim of a property crime; the victim of a violent crime
B) the victim of burglaries when one is not home; the victim of sexual assault
C) a crime victim in general; the victim of a specific crime
D) the victim of sexual assault; a crime victim in general
Answer: C
Q4) Western people and households
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Explaining Crime
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Merton,____ pursue the cultural goal of wealth only through legitimate institutional means.
A) rebels
B) ritualists
C) conformists
D) innovators
Answer: C
Q2) Men's control over women's labor and sexuality is ______.
A) praxis
B) patriarchy
C) class struggle
D) ecology
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following had been identified by a leading exponent of left realism as a potent,though not exclusive cause of crime?
A) biological inferiority
B) relative deprivation
C) absolute deprivation
D) patriarchy
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: The Rule of Law
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The constitutional protection against excessive bail and fines was extended to the states in 1965.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Your textbook names 10 critical stages during which the right to counsel has been extended.Three are listed below.Which of the following is NOT one of these critical stages?
A) questioning by law enforcement officers of suspects not in police custody
B) arraignment, under most circumstances
C) the plea bargaining process
D) preliminary hearings
Q3) For legal purposes,a particular act may considered either a tort or a crime or both,depending on how it is handled.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Fourth Amendment requires that a search warrant contain a particular description of the place to be searched and the person or things to be seized.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: History and Structure of American Law
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41150
Sample Questions
Q1) Your textbook lists Peel's Principles of Policing.Name 5 of these 12 principles.
Q2) In the South,the earliest form of policing was the:
A) slave patrols.
B) hue and cry.
C) sheriff and posse.
D) constable-watch system.
Q3) One general grouping in your textbook lists four categories of local duties.Three are listed below.Which is NOT one of the duties discussed in your text?
A) Public education
B) Service
C) Information gathering
D) Peacekeeping
Q4) Which of the following statements is NOT true of the first black police officers?
A) they were "free men of color"
B) they were slaves
C) they were hired around 1805 to serve as members of the New Orleans city watch system
D) they were hired primarily because other people did not want the job
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Chapter 6: Police Work
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41151
Sample Questions
Q1) GIS crime mapping is a technique that involves the charting of crime patterns within a geographic area.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following reasons accounts for the relative ineffectiveness of marijuana eradication strategies?
A) large quantities are generally grown in remote, largely inaccessible areas making eradication efforts time-consuming, labor-intensive, and dangerous
B) spraying crops with chemicals can be hazardous to people, water supplies, animals and other vegetation
C) the huge profits that can be made from a marijuana crop create a powerful incentive not to be deterred by eradication efforts
D) all of the choices are reasons
Q3) Name and define the four special characteristics that successful police work requires,as described in your textbook.
Q4) Referrals and diversion to community treatment agencies are more common
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Policing America: Issues and Ethics
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) No issue in policing has caused as much controversy in recent decades as field interrogations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Police work is intrinsically satisfying because it is:
A) generally outdoors.
B) nonroutine.
C) people-oriented.
D) all of the choices are correct.
Q3) Which of the following is a way to control the amount of discretion exercised by police officers?
A) close supervision by a police agency's management
B) department directives or policies
C) decisions of the United States Supreme Court
D) all of the choices are correct
Q4) One method of controlling the amount of discretion exercised by police officers is close supervision by a police agency's management.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: The Administration of Justice
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) More than half of the 975 executions that have taken place in the United States since 1977 (as of July 27,2005)have occurred in just three states.Which of the following is NOT one of those three states?
A) Virginia
B) Georgia
C) Texas
D) Oklahoma
Q2) Mitigating factors are circumstances that make a crime worse than usual.
A)True
B)False
Q3) With this sentencing,judges may choose between probation and imprisonment but have little discretion in setting the length of a prison sentence.
A)Indeterminate sentence
B)Determinate sentence
C)Flat-time sentencing
D)Mandatory sentencing
E)Presumptive sentencing
Q4) Name and explain the three procedural reforms approved by the Supreme Court in Gregg for death penalty cases.
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Chapter 9: Sentencing, Appeals, and the Death Penalty
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to your textbook,restorative justice seeks four goals.Three are listed below.Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of restorative justice?
A) To meet victims' needs
B) To restore the health of the community
C) To punish the offender for the harm done
D) To require the offender to contribute to repairing the harm done
Q2) Presumptive sentences may be based on sentencing guidelines,which are developed by sentencing commissions comprised of:
A) private citizens, including victims.
B) legislatures.
C) both criminal justice professionals and private citizens.
D) police and court personnel.
Q3) According to a 2003 Gallup poll,approximately what percent of Americans believe that the death penalty is not applied fairly?
A) 25
B) 35
C) 55
D) 75
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11
Chapter 10: Institutional Corrections
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following indicates that prisoners should receive no service or program that is superior to the services and programs available to free citizens without charge?
A) Most therapeutic communities
B) Milieu therapy
C) The less-eligibility principle
D) Vocational programs
Q2) John Howard's 1777 book,The State of the Prisons in England and Wales,stated several opinions about how to improve prison conditions.Which of the following is NOT one of Howard's opinions,as discussed in your textbook?
A) Incarceration should do more than punish.
B) Incarceration should instill discipline and reform inmates.
C) Penal environments should be made safe, humane, and orderly.
D) Complete rehabilitation of prisoners is impossible.
Q3) Most early women's prison employed ____,as distinguished from the ____ of men's prisons.
A) a family-style living plan; cell-block plan
B) solitary confinement; cottages
C) life sentences; early-release programs
D) a family-style living plan; solitary confinement
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Prison Life, Inmate Rights, and Release
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ironically,the Eighth Amendment has done little to protect inmates from staff brutality because:
A) brutality is hard to prove without an adequate number of witnesses.
B) brutality is normally construed as a tort rather than a constitutional issue.
C) acts of brutality are frequently conducted in places where video cameras and other surveillance equipment are not present.
D) inmates are not allowed full constitutional rights in regard to the Eighth Amendment.
Q2) Living in prison is fundamentally different from living in the free community in several ways,three of which are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?
A) Life is typified by greater insecurity, stress, and unpredictability.
B) There are rarely opportunities for any level of educational achievement.
C) There is less privacy.
D) Deprivation of personal freedom and material goods is more pronounced.
Q3) Equal protection under the law
A)First Amendment
B)Eighth Amendment
C)Fourteenth Amendment
Q4) Explain the four typical ways in which inmates may be released from prison.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Community Corrections
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41157
Sample Questions
Q1) The staff of community correctional programs has two potentially competing roles: law enforcement and helping offenders identify and address their problems and needs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If a client has violated the conditions of probation,the probation agency may recommend:
A) discharge.
B) standard conditions.
C) general conditions.
D) revocation.
Q3) Your textbook names six ideal features of ISP programs.Name five of these.
Q4) Used to verify,either through phone lines or radio signals,that offenders are at their designated locations at particular times
A)Intensive-Supervision Probation and Parole
B)Day Reporting Centers
C)Structured Fines, or Day Fines
D)Home Confinement/Electronic Monitoring
E)Halfway Houses
Q5) Name the four fundamental objectives of parole.
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Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Name the four models of teen courts used in the United States today.Which is used most frequently?
Q2) One ongoing problem in juvenile justice is providing adequate due-process protections to youths at all stages of the juvenile justice process. A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a component of juvenile restorative justice conferences or family group conferences?
A) at the conferences, victims and the other relevant parties have an opportunity to explain how they have been affected by the offense
B) at the conferences, victims and the other relevant parties have an opportunity to question the offending juveniles
C) at the end of the conference, the participants determine how the offending juveniles can make amends to the victims for the wrong done and then sign a reparation agreement
D) all of the choices are components
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Chapter 14: Understanding and Predicting the Future of Criminal Justice
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41159
Sample Questions
Q1) In practice,the ____ is a sham because it has become nothing more than a rubber stamp for the prosecutor.
A) arraignment
B) grand jury
C) bench trial
D) preliminary hearing
Q2) Your textbook names three general cost-reduction strategies for American corrections in the future.Which of the following is NOT one of these?
A) The privatization of corrections
B) Having inmates guard each other
C) The use of new technology
D) Various alternatives to incarceration
Q3) Due process model advocates believe that the ____ is a critical stage in the administration of justice.
A) preliminary hearing
B) plea-bargaining process
C) investigation
D) finding of guilt
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