Introduction to Counseling Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Counseling offers students a foundational overview of the principles, theories, and practices within the counseling profession. This course explores key concepts such as the helping relationship, effective communication skills, ethical and multicultural considerations, and various approaches to counseling. Students will gain insight into the roles and responsibilities of counselors, the stages of the counseling process, and basic techniques for supporting individuals facing personal, social, and developmental challenges. Through lectures, case studies, and interactive activities, students will begin to develop the self-awareness and interpersonal skills necessary for effective counseling practice.
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Ethics in Counseling and Therapy Developing an Ethical Identity 1st Edition by Rick A. Houser
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16 Chapters
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638 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Q1) Step 1 of the decision making model put forth by the ACA is to:
A) Identify the problem
B) Apply the codes of ethics
C) Research the codes of ethics
D) Consult the professional literature
Answer: A
Q2) Counselors on a daily basis make decisions about clients that involve ethical decisions and potentially can harm the client and/or others.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) _________ ethics have influenced psychology and counseling ethics.
A) Medical
B) Spiritual
C) Organic
D) Business Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Professional Identity and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) This refers to the identity of a particular group relative to other groups:
A) Intragroup identity
B) Group identity
C) Group membership
D) Individual identity
Answer: B
Q2) When a person is influenced by the consequences of his or her behavior he or she is in the ________ stage of Moral Development.
A) 1st
B) 2nd
C) 3rd
D) 4th
Answer: A
Q3) Blasi (1983) provided a model of ethical identity that consists all but which element:
A) benevolence
B) judgment of responsibility
C) centrality of moral identity
D) self-consistency.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Awareness and Sensitivity to Ethical Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The idea of commitment to an organization for counselors and therapists may be interpreted as a commitment to a professional organization such as the ________.
A) ASW
B) ACA
C) APA
D) AMA
Answer: B
Q2) Goetz, Keltner, and Simon-Thomas (2010) defined __________ as "the feeling that arises in witnessing another's suffering and that motivates a subsequent desire
To help"
A) beneficence
B) compassion
C) justice
D) empathy
Answer: B
Q3) In Hoffman's view, empathy has its roots in emotional reactions to others.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cognitions and Reasoninghermeneutics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why autonomy is an important issue in ethical decision making for counselors.
Q2) These have been defined as beliefs that guide actions across various situations:
A) values
B) morals
C) ethics
D) principles
Q3) The process of gaining some control over events, outcomes, and resources of importance to an individual or group is:
A) competence
B) empowerment
C) sympathy
D) empathy
Q4) The term hermeneutics originates from the Greek word hermeneno, which means to interpret
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is multicultural competency and why is it important?
Q6) What is confidentiality and when is it important to break it?
Q7) Give three examples of boundary issues.
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Chapter 5: Client Autonomy and Client Rights
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Sample Questions
Q1) This is defined in terms of looking out for the welfare of others, showing kindness and charity.
A) autonomy
B) beneficence
C) justice
D) fidelity
Q2) Indicating its importance, the last code in the ACA Code of Ethics (American Counseling Association, 2005) states, "The primary responsibility of counselors is to respect the dignity and to promote the welfare of clients".
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe beneficence and give examples.
Q4) The Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal of 1946 provided insight into the importance of providing informed consent prior to participating in medical procedures.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss autonomy as it relates to informed consent.
Q6) What is assent and how would you go about obtaining it?
Q7) What is fidelity and how does it relate to counseling?
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Chapter 6: Dual Relationships
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Q1) Dual relationships ___________ harm a client.
A) in no way
B) never C) always
D) sometimes
Q2) _________ role theory provides insight into how boundaries may be understood
A) Social
B) Biological
C) Psychological D) Ecological
Q3) Counselor self-_________statements have been found to increase client perceptions of expertness and trustworthiness
A) disclosing B) connecting C) involving D) relating
Q4) Codes can provide guidance around relationships such as those between former clients, students, and employees.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Counselor Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The three key dimensions of counselor burnout include all but which:
A) overwhelming exhaustion
B) feelings of cynicism
C) detachment from the job
D) increased energy
Q2) Discuss the importance of continuing education and how you plan to stay current in the counseling field once you are licensed.
Q3) The application of scientific principles and procedures in counseling and human development to provide assistance in understanding and solving problems that the consultee may have in relation to a third party, be it individual, group or organization is referred to by the CRCC as:
A) brainstorming
B) devising
C) administrative supervision
D) consultation
Q4) What is assessment and how is it used in counseling?
Q5) Discuss three of the five stages of the stages of counselor development.
Q6) Discuss self-reflection and why it is important in counseling.
Q7) What is counselor burnout and how does it impair counselor competence?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Diversity and Multicultural Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) De Lauretis (1991) introduced ______ theory in an effort to include sexual preference in context with other minority categories such as gender and race.
A) bisexual
B) gay
C) homosexual
D) queer
Q2) The Association of Multicultural Counseling and Development has identified three competencies including all but which:
A) the skills necessary to provide culturally appropriate interventions to those who are culturally different
B) the ability to encourage a client to acquire the same worldview as the counselor
C) an awareness of the worldviews of clients
D) an awareness of a counselor's own worldviews and biases
Q3) In Asian families, the family's needs are many times placed ahead of an individual's needs, and a counselor needs to be aware of such family perspectives.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Use of Technology and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) EMR stands for:
A) Elective Medical Record
B) Electronic Medical Record
C) Emergency Medical Record
D) Efficient Medical Record
Q2) The purpose of this act is to set up the Office of National Coordinator for Health Information Technology with the intent of coordinating the electronic use of patient health information.
A) Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009
B) Health Information Portability Act of 1996
C) Health Information Technology for Efficiency and Clinical Health Act of 2009
D) Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 1996
Q3) Online counseling has grown during the past 10 years, and there are professional codes specifically designed to address its ethical concerns.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How can fear of flying be treated through virtual reality?
Q5) What is an EMR and what are the benefits of using it in counseling?
Q6) Describe the use of CAI programs.
11
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Chapter 10: Supervision and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researchers have found that only 30% of supervisors received multicultural counseling training compared to 70% of supervisees.
A)True
B)False
Q2) This phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model is exemplified by a professional counselor who has more than 20 years of experience.
A) lay helper
B) novice professional
C) experienced professional
D) senior professional
Q3) Counselors do not have a duty to warn an intended victim of a violent crime, for example, when someone makes a threat toward another person in a counseling session and the intent is plausible.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe potential dual relationships that may occur between supervisor and supervisee.
Q5) Describe in detail the second phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model.
Q6) Compare and contrast clinical and administrative supervisors.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Ethical Use of Research in Counseling Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________lists a registry of evidence-based programs and practices addressing alcohol and substance abuse.
A) The American Counseling Association
B) The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
C) The Psychological Association
D) The American Mental Health Counselor Association
Q2) Medicine has been called an art, and losing subjectivity of the experience may interfere with this aspect of the process.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The second step in Mayer's EBP approach is:
A) evaluation of the study to determine its quality and use B) careful review of the professional literature C) assessment of how the study outcomes may be applied to the current issue. D) identification of a question
Q4) Mayer (2004) proposed six steps in the EBP approach that are important to using it effectively in practice. Name and describe three of these steps.
Q5) Discuss the research described in your text on health-risk behavior.
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Chapter 12: Professional Codes of Ethics and the Law
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Q1) One criminal behavior that counselors have engaged in is fraudulent billing for client services.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _________ law is the body of law defining offenses against the community at large, regulating how suspects are investigated, charged, and tried, and establishing punishments for offenders.
A) Common
B) Civil
C) Criminal
D) Statutory
Q3) Bodenhorn (2006) surveyed school counselors and found that more than_____% concluded the most difficult ethical issue concerns maintaining student confidentiality.
A) 90
B) 60
C) 40
D) 30
Q4) Discuss the Tarasoff case.
Q5) Compare and contrast criminal and civil law.
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Chapter 13: Western Theories of Ethics
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Q1) Natural law decisions or actions are right because they fulfill human nature, which is communicated by Buddha.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to C. E. Harris (2007), human inclinations are divided into two groups:
A) biological values and natural values
B) human values and natural values
C) biological values and human values.
D) worldly values and human values.
Q3) ________values, is composed of pursuing knowledge and sociability.
A) biological
B) worldly
C) natural
D) human
Q4) Procreation is a human value in natural law.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the history of virtue ethics.
Q6) Give a brief overview of respect for persons ethics.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Eastern Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Creel (1977) noted that ethics is a Western term, whereas in Sanskrit, there is no clear differentiation between religion and ethics or between philosophy and ethics.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is Karma and how is it often misconstrued?
Q3) Nonaction, or wu wei, is another important concept in ________.
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Q4) The history of Confucianism dates back more than _______ years.
A) 1,000
B) 2,000
C) 3,000
D) 4,000
Q5) Chinese consider Confucius the "second teacher".
A)True
B)False
Q6) List and describe The Four Noble Truths.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Middle Eastern Ethical Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) Muhammad governed what city:
A) Galilee
B) Mecca
C) Medina
D) Babylon
Q2) Belt (2002) noted that Islam was well established at the time of Muhammad's death in:
A) Russia
B) Asia
C) the Arabian Peninsula
D) Africa
Q3) Islam has a long history dating back more than ____ years.
A) 200
B) 400
C) 1,400
D) 20,000
Q4) Judaic ethics is founded on the belief that humans have a responsibility to repair the world.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Native American, Hispaniclatino, and African Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) This term refers to maintaining harmony and avoiding controversy or conflict in Hispanic/Latino cultures.
A) Familismo
B) Caballerismo
C) Simpatia
D) Masculinismo
Q2) Estimates of the number of those who identify as Native American range from 2.5 million to:
A) 3 million
B) 5 million
C) 10 million
D) 20 million
Q3) Bopp, Bopp, Brown, and Lane (1985) identified the "Sacred Tree" as a symbol of connections within the universe.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast the origins of Hispanic and Latino cultures.
Q5) Give a brief overview of African ethics.
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Q6) Describe industry, generosity, and moderation and their relation to African ethics.