Introduction to Counseling Final Exam Questions

Course Introduction

Introduction to Counseling provides students with an overview of the foundational concepts, theories, and skills necessary for effective counseling practice. The course examines the role of the counselor, ethical considerations, and the importance of multicultural competence in diverse settings. Students will explore major counseling approaches, develop basic communication skills such as active listening and empathy, and learn about the helping relationship process. Through lectures, case studies, and experiential activities, students gain insights into the professional responsibilities and personal qualities required for success in the field of counseling.

Recommended Textbook I Never Knew I Had a Choice 11th Edition by

Gerald Corey

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Invitation to Personal Learning and Growth

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Q1) According to Prochaska and Norcross, when an individual has no intention of changing a behavior pattern in the near future, he or she is in the _______________ stage.

A)precontemplation

B)contemplation

C)preparation

D)action

Answer: A

Q2) A central concept of the humanistic approach to personal growth is

A)self-actualization

B)determinism

C)transference

D)social interest

Answer: A

Q3) Positive psychology

A)is a biological approach to humor and creativity.

B)is the study of positive emotions and positive character traits.

C)has no support in the empirical literature.

D)is no longer a popular approach to the study of development.

Answer: B

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Chapter 2: Reviewing Your Childhood and Adolescence

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Q1) From the self-in-context view, ________ is a time for increasing one's understanding of one's self in terms of gender, race, culture, and abilities, as well as a time for developing empathy.

A)pubescence

B)early adulthood

C)middle childhood

D)adolescence

Answer: C

Q2) A psychological moratorium, recommended by Erikson, is a period

A)during which children learn how to relate to others

B)when adolescents are given permission by society to experiment with different roles. C)during adolescence when young people make major commitments in their personal lives.

D)during childhood when trust is formed by relying on parents to get basic needs met.

Answer: B

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Chapter 3: Adulthood and Autonomy

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Q1) When Andre did not receive the highest grade in the class (he actually earned a B+), he immediately thought of himself as a failure and as the worst student. Andre was committing which of the following cognitive errors?

A)dichotomous thinking

B)selective abstraction

C)overgeneralization

D)personalization

Answer: A

Q2) The period in life when we reach the top of the mountain and become aware that we must begin the downhill journey is

A)early adulthood.

B)middle adulthood.

C)later adulthood.

D)not associated with any adulthood period of life.

Answer: B

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Chapter 4: Your Body and Wellness

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Q1) Regarding the need to be touched,

A)some research shows that it is necessary for healthy development.

B)it is the same across all cultures.

C)it is almost always sexually motivated.

D)it has little to do with family of origin.

Q2) Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A)Spiritual practices may be as important to your overall well-being as eating and exercising.

B)A comprehensive view of health includes nourishing both your body and your spirit.

C)Getting adequate rest and sleep is not related to overall health.

D)Exercise is essential for cardiovascular fitness.

Q3) Those with an exercise __________ tend to feel intrinsic satisfaction from engaging in physical activity and "experience disturbing deprivation sensations" when unable to exercise.

A)commitment

B)aversion

C)routine

D)addiction

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Chapter 5: Managing Stress

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Q1) Jane experiences a great deal of pressure to perform on her job. She tells herself that "I must do this job perfectly." This stress-producing statement is:

A)a self-defeating belief.

B)an irrelevant statement.

C)based on the truth.

D)passive/aggressive.

Q2) The U.S. Army Master Resilience Trainer (MRT) course is a key component of the _________________________ program.

A)Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness (CSF2)

B)Operation Mental Fitness (OMF)

C)National PTSD Prevention

D)U.S. Department of Defense Psychological Fitness and Suicide Prevention (PFSP)

Q3) People who burn out

A)typically strive to set realistic goals in order to avoid frustration.

B)tend to experience feelings of helplessness and hopelessness.

C)tend to "work smarter" rather than working harder.

D)work at conquering feelings of helplessness, since such feelings lead to frustration and anger.

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Chapter 6: Love

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Q1) All of the following are some key tasks of successful relationships, EXCEPT:

A)build friendship and intimacy.

B)not to honor your partner's dreams.

C)learn to manage conflict effectively.

D)create shared meaning.

Q2) A __________ life is often lived in isolation and alienation.

A)self-love

B)loveless

C)loving

D)trusting

Q3) In regard to love and anger,

A)denied or unexpressed anger can lead to the death of a relationship.

B)anger needs to be dealt with in a constructive way before it reaches explosive proportions.

C)love and anger can be compartmentalized; for when you deny your anger, you are nurturing your relationship.

D)they are incompatible.

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Chapter 7: Relationships

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Q1) Lois and her parents usually communicate on a superficial level. Lois would like to talk more intimately with her parents and feels angry when they don't respond the way she anticipated. She needs to:

A)wait for her parents to make the first move.

B)withdraw when her expectations are not immediately met in order to avoid the pain of rejection.

C)put aside her need to remake her parents and accept any small changes they may make.

D)confront them with their reluctance to change.

Q2) __________ can be a wonderful tool that enhances our ability to communicate with others.

A)Anger

B)Technology .

C)Dissatifaction

D)Poor mental health.

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Chapter 8: Becoming the Woman or Man You Want to Be

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Q1) __________ involves going beyond the rigid categories of masculine and feminine to achieve a personal synthesis that allows for flexible behaviors in various situations.

A)Gender-bias

B)Gender-stereotyping

C)Gender-role strain

D)Gender-role transcendence

Q2) _______________ are considered to be higher in _______________, which suggests they are concerned with self-interests such as competition and independence.

A)Women; agency

B)Men; agency

C)Women; communion

D)Men; communion

Q3) Traditional gender stereotypes categorize women as having all the following traits EXCEPT for being:

A)passive.

B)dependent.

C)independent.

D)unaccomplished.

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Page 10

Chapter 9: Sexuality

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Q1) _____________________ refers to refraining from sexual activities which involve vaginal, anal, and oral intercourse.

A)Abstinence

B)Avoidance

C)Menopause

D)Sexual dysfunction

Q2) Psychological factors that contribute to erectile dysfunction include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)feelings of guilt.

B)prolonged depression, hostility or resentment.

C)feelings of superiority and arrogance.

D)anxiety about personal adequacy.

Q3) Perhaps the best way to free ourselves from guilt over sexual feelings is

A)Perhaps the best way to free ourselves from guilt over sexual feelings is

B)to become aware of early verbal and nonverbal messages about sexuality and work to modify them.

C)to accept our sexual feelings and act on our impulses.

D)to eliminate all guilt feelings since they keep us from having a satisfying sex life.

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Chapter 10: Work and Recreation

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Q1) Motivation is an important factor in career decision making because:

A)your abilities are related to your aptitude.

B)your need to achieve is related to your self-concept.

C)if you have career goals but do not have the persistence to pursue them, then your goals will not materialize.

D)a realistic career choice depends on your interest in earning money.

Q2) Helping others, influencing people, finding meaning, prestige, status, friendships, creativity, recognition, adventure, and challenge are examples of:

A)work values.

B)interpersonal values.

C)spiritual values.

D)occupational attitudes.

Q3) Self-esteem can be eroded when a person experiences all of the following EXCEPT:

A)does not feel valued at work.

B)is prevented from working to her full potential.

C)has been laid off or has difficulty finding employment.

D)receives a promotion.

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Chapter 11: Loneliness and Solitude

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Q1) A common form of __________________ that many new college students experience is homesickness.

A)transient loneliness

B)chronic loneliness

C)neurosis

D)personality disorder

Q2) We can escape from facing and coping with our loneliness by all of the following ways EXCEPT:

A)scheduling every moment and overstructuring our lives.

B)surrounding ourselves with people and becoming absorbed in social functions.

C)trying to numb ourselves with self-destructive compulsive behavior.

D)spending a healthy amount of time fulfilling our responsibilities.

Q3) __________ exists when people are unable to establish meaningful interpersonal relationships over a relatively long period of time and involves painful feelings and presents more of a problem in living.

A)Chronic loneliness.

B)Transient loneliness.

C)Existential loneliness.

D)Everyday loneliness.

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Page 13

Chapter 12: Death and Loss

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Q1) Joe's parents are seeking counseling after their 16-year-old son committed suicide. It is the role of the counselor to help them deal with:

A)the nature of unfinished business.

B)their feelings of abandonment, loneliness, and isolation.

C)correcting distortions they may hold.

D)helping them hold onto regrets and blame and give expression to their anger.

Q2) When a family member commits suicide, the immediate reaction is generally:

A)shock and distress.

B)fear that another family member may repeat the act.

C)a sense of shame because of the stigma of suicide.

D)anger toward the deceased.

Q3) Which of the following is NOT a question a counselor who subscribes to the relational model of death and grieving would ask a client who has recently lost her father?

A)What did your father mean to you when he was alive?

B)How have you continued to remember your father since his death?

C)How do you continue to draw upon your father's experience or wisdom?

D)What stories would you like to forget about your father?

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Page 14

Chapter 13: Meaning and Values

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Q1) Logotherapy is an approach to psychotherapy that involves healing through:

A)catharsis.

B)religion.

C)meditation.

D)meaning.

Q2) We begin to develop an implicit philosophy of life when we:

A)first begin, as children, to wonder about life and death, love and hate, joy and fear, and the nature of the universe.

B)are adolescents, seeking our own identity and questioning the meaning of life.

C)are faced with a crisis and forced to face the fact that the meaning of life is the result of our own choosing.

D)enter adulthood and formulate a clear sense of meaning and purpose in life.

Q3) The European psychiatrist who dedicated his professional life to the study of meaning in life is:

A)Victor Frankl.

B)Dalai Lama.

C)Irvin Yalom.

D)Maya Angelou.

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