Introduction to Corrections Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Introduction to Corrections provides students with a comprehensive overview of the correctional system within the broader context of the criminal justice process. The course examines the history, development, and functions of correctional institutions and alternatives, including probation, parole, community programs, and the roles of various professionals in the field. Students will explore key issues such as rehabilitation, punishment, inmate rights, classification, and reintegration, as well as contemporary challenges facing corrections, such as overcrowding and recidivism. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking and analysis of current practices, policies, and trends shaping the future of corrections in society.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Criminal Justice 4th Edition by Robert M. Bohm
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14 Chapters
943 Verified Questions
943 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Crime and Justice in the United States
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Assume that an arrest is made and the defendant is found guilty,number these steps in the order in which they occur in the criminal justice process.Numbers should be from 1 to 11.
____ Possible appeal
____ Either indictment by a grand jury followed by arraignment,or arraignment on an information
____ Formal charging of the suspect
____ Arrest
____ Preliminary hearing (for a felony)
____ Sentencing
____ Booking
____ Investigation
____ Initial appearance
____ Punishment
____ Either a plea bargain or a trial
Answer: 10,7,4,2,6,9,3,1,5,11,8
Q2) An<b> information</b> is used for misdemeanor or ordinance violation charges. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Crime and Its Consequences
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about fear of crime is true?
A) Females are more fearful than males of having their homes burglarized.
B) Younger people are more fearful than older people of sexual assault and burglary.
C) Hispanics and blacks are no more fearful than whites of sexual assault of themselves or someone in their household and of being murdered.
D) Fear of being beaten, knifed, or shot and fear of getting mugged decreases with the level of urbanization of the community in which people live.
Answer: B
Q2) Clearance rates are a rough index of police performance in solving crimes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) People aged 65 or older
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Explaining Crime
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Name the three body types discussed in Sheldon's theory. Answer: The three body types are the endomorphic (soft,fat),the mesomorphic (athletically built),and the ectomorphic (tall,skinny).
Q2) There are at least three policy implications of Seymour Halleck's humanistic psychological theory.All are listed below.Which of the following is NOT one of the three policy implications listed in your textbook?
A) Sources of social oppression should be eliminated wherever possible.
B) Psychotherapy should be provided for subjective oppressions.
C) Psychoactive drugs should be provided as part of the psychotherapy process.
D) Alternative, legal ways of coping with oppression should be provided. Answer: C
Q3) A<b> theory </b>of crime attempts to explain why or how a certain thing or certain things are related to criminal behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: The Rule of Law
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following cases was the exclusionary rule extended to state courts?
A) Mapp v. Ohio
B) Terry v. Ohio
C) Hurtado v. California
D) Benton v. Maryland
Q2) Briefly summarize the meanings of the Fourth,Fifth,Eighth,and Fourteenth Amendments.
Q3) Under the USA PATRIOT Act,members of such activist groups as Operation Rescue,Greenpeace,or the World Trade Organization protesters could be charged with domestic terrorism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Formal,written laws are an ancient phenomenon of human existence.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define<b> preponderance of evidence,clear and convincing evidence,and beyond a reasonable doubt</b>.
Q6) Your textbook names six provisions of the Sixth Amendment.Name four of them.
Q7) Name the five ideal features of good criminal laws.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: History and Structure of American Law
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) At various times in American history,local police have acted in several different roles.Three of the roles listed in your textbook are below.Which one does NOT belong?
A) Social workers
B) Firefighters
C) Public servants
D) Peacekeepers
Q2) Three emphasis areas of community policing are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?
A) Fighting crime
B) Delivering social services
C) Eradicating the causes of crime in a community
D) Keeping peace
Q3) At the federal level,there are more than 100 law enforcement agencies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Until the 1920s,political corruption prevented the development of professional police departments in most American cities.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Police Work
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Believes that the more arrests that are made,the safer a community will be.
A)Legalistic
B)Watchman
C)Service
Q2) Your textbook describes several ways in which cybercriminals can illegally access,manipulate,or steal computer data.Three of these ways are listed below.Which is NOT one of the ways listed in your textbook?
A) Cybercriminals can alter computer records at financial, business, and educational institutions.
B) Cybercriminals alter DNA records, thus hampering and sometimes destroying criminal investigations.
C) Cybercriminals often illegally enter computer systems and introduce viruses or worms.
D) Cybercriminals illegally transfer millions of dollars to their accounts.
Q3) Name and define James Q.Wilson's three operational styles of policing.
Q4) Large metropolitan police agencies use AFIS to identify hundreds of suspects per year.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Policing America: Issues and Ethics
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your textbook lists several methods that have been prescribed to stop racial profiling.Three are listed below.Which of the following is NOT one of the methods listed in your textbook?
A) Having police officers distribute business cards to all motorists and pedestrians they stop
B) Racial and cultural diversity training for police personnel
C) Arresting all perpetrators regardless of race
D) Videotaping all traffic stops
Q2) Research has shown that arrested domestic violence perpetrators are twice as likely to repeat their violence against the original victim.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What percent of blacks believe that police brutality against blacks happens occasionally or more often in their communities?
A) 15%
B) 33%
C) 60%
D) 80%
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9
Chapter 8: The Administration of Justice
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67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Has a fixed minimum and maximum term of incarceration,rather than a set period
A)Indeterminate sentence
B)Determinate sentence
C)Flat-time sentencing
D)Mandatory sentencing
E)Presumptive sentencing
Q2) Nearly ____ of state trial court decisions are affirmed on appeal.
A) 80 percent
B) 60 percent
C) 40 percent
D) 20 percent
Q3) Which of the following is NOT true about crime victims' rights in the United States today?
A) only 4 states have laws that protect the basic rights of crime victims in the criminal justice system
B) states have enacted more than 30,000 crime-victim-related statutes
C) at least 32 state victims' rights constitutional amendments have been passed
D) the federal government has passed legislation providing basic rights and services to federal crime victims
Q4) Define truth-in-sentencing laws.What offenders do these laws target?
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Chapter 9: Sentencing, Appeals, and the Death Penalty
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67 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1977,the Supreme Court held that rape of an adult female and kidnapping where the victim was not killed do not warrant the death penalty.
A)True
B)False
Q2) More than half of the 975 executions that have taken place in the United States since 1977 (as of July 27,2005)have occurred in just three states.Which of the following is NOT one of those three states?
A) Virginia
B) Georgia
C) Texas
D) Oklahoma
Q3) From which of the following sources does the federal government's Crime Victims Fund receive its funding?
A) annual congressional appropriations
B) fees for federal gun registration
C) fines and penalties paid by federal criminal offenders
D) all of the choices are correct
Q4) Name and explain the three procedural reforms approved by the Supreme Court in Gregg for death penalty cases.
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Chapter 10: Institutional Corrections
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) We usually think of rehabilitation programs as serving one main objective.Which of the following is that main objective?
A) To help inmates better themselves
B) To help the institution achieve control over inmates
C) To help inmates manage time
D) To give inmates a way to occupy themselves
Q2) Typically,there is no wall for external security at this level.
A)Supermaximum-security
B)Maximum-security
C)High/close-security
D)Medium-security
E)Minimum-security
Q3) A large portion of the maintenance and repair work in institutions is performed by inmates as part of their job assignments.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Your textbook explains that in any prison,special security precautions are directed toward certain locations because of their importance in maintaining order.Name five of these locations.
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Chapter 11: Prison Life, Inmate Rights, and Release
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Depending on the jurisdiction,convicted felons lose a variety of civil rights.Which of the following is NOT a civil right commonly forfeited by convicted felons?
A) the right to vote
B) the right to hold public office
C) the right to serve on a grand or petit jury
D) all of the choices are rights that are commonly forfeited
Q2) Totality-of-conditions rulings have been handed down against prison systems in three states.Which of the following is NOT one of those states?
A) Texas
B) Florida
C) Alabama
D) Arkansas
Q3) A high percentage of lawsuits filed by inmates are judged:
A) valid and are therefore won in the trial stage.
B) frivolous and are lost in the trial stage.
C) valid, but not taken to trial due to lack of funding.
D) frivolous and are therefore dismissed.
Q4) Your textbook names four types of victimization that occur in prisons.Name all four of them.
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Chapter 12: Community Corrections
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67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Home confinement programs did not gain wide popularity until ____ became widespread during the 1980s.
A) electronic monitoring
B) rehabilitation
C) restoration
D) structured fines
Q2) Which of the following offers a community-based residential facility that is an alternative to confinement in jail or prison?
A) Home confinement
B) Community correctional centers
C) Electronic monitoring
D) Shock incarceration
Q3) Provides inescapable supervision,such as multiple weekly contacts between officers and clients and frequent testing for drug use
A)Intensive-Supervision Probation and Parole
B)Day Reporting Centers
C)Structured Fines, or Day Fines
D)Home Confinement/Electronic Monitoring
E)Halfway Houses
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Out-of-home placements intended to resemble,as much as possible,a family setting
A)Probation
B)Intensive-supervision probation
C)Restitution
D)Wilderness probation (outdoor adventure) programs
E)Day treatment programs
F)Foster homes
G)Group homes
H)Aftercare programs
Q2) The U.S.Supreme Court case ____ greatly expanded the overall due-process protections afforded juveniles within the juvenile court.
A) Ex parte Crouse
B) Kent v. United States
C) In re Winship
D) In re Gault
Q3) A <b>hearing officer</b> is a lawyer who is empowered by the juvenile court to hear juvenile cases.
A)True
B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Understanding and Predicting the Future of Criminal Justice
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime,which was signed by the United States and 123 other countries in 2000,was the first international instrument against this type of crime.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to your textbook,which of the following crimes is likely to pose a special problem for law enforcement agencies and criminal justice at the dawn of the twenty-first century?
A) drug crime
B) cybercrime
C) terrorism
D) all of the choices are correct
Q3) What do identity-theft victims advise people to do to avoid identity-theft victimization?
A) use greater security precautions when handling personal information
B) do not place personal information on the Internet
C) secure personal information in homes and at work
D) all of the choices are correct
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