Introduction to Clinical Psychology Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive overview of clinical psychology, exploring the theories, research, and practices that define the field. Students will learn about the historical development of clinical psychology, major approaches to psychological assessment and intervention, and the diagnostic criteria for various psychological disorders. The course also covers ethical and professional issues, the role of evidence-based practices, and the diverse settings in which clinical psychologists work. Through case studies and practical examples, students will gain an understanding of how clinical psychologists assess, diagnose, and treat individuals experiencing psychological distress.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Abnormal Psychology 8th Edition by V.
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14 Chapters
1653 Verified Questions
1653 Flashcards
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Page 2
Mark Durand
Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, based his theories of conditioning on the results of experiments he conducted on A)humans. B)pigeons.
C)rats. D)dogs.
Answer: D
Q2) In Erik Erikson's theory of lifespan development, an individual reaches the mature stage when he or she is about ________ years old.
A)55
B)65
C)75
D)85
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology
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98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The fact that women are more likely to suffer from insect phobias than men is most likely due to
A)biological differences.
B)differences in neurochemical pathways.
C)cultural expectations.
D)genetic influences.
Answer: C
Q2) The part of the autonomic nervous system primarily responsible for our "emergency" or "alarm" response to stress is the
A)parasympathetic nervous system.
B)sympathetic nervous system.
C)endocrine system.
D)cortex.
Answer: B
Q3) According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the A)interaction between normal and defective or damaged genes.
B)An individual's level of daily stress levels.
C)An individual's psychological and medical history.
D)interaction of an inherited tendency and events in an individual's life.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis, and Research in Psychopathology
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Placebos are used in experiments to
A)control for the variability of individuals who tend to volunteer for research studies.
B)control for the expectations of some research participants that they will improve just because they are in a research study.
C)help determine whether an independent variable actually causes a statistically significant change in a dependent variable.
D)make certain that the treatment and control group are randomly selected.
Answer: B
Q2) If it were important to determine the exact location of brain impairment, which of the following tests would most likely be used?
A)Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test
B)Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery
C)Gall Phrenological Brain Scan
D)Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Anxiety, Trauma-
and Stressor-Related, and
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to recent research (Johnson et al., 2000), an increased risk of developing anxiety disorders was found among teenagers who
A)smoked marijuana.
B)smoked cigarettes.
C)drank alcohol.
D)used steroids.
Q2) Javier was attending his fifth baseball game at Wiggly Field, where he had previously had a panic attack. He did not know if he would have a panic attack today, but shortly after entering the stadium, he did. This type of panic attack is
A)situationally predisposed.
B)situationally bound.
C)cued.
D)uncued.
Q3) When the term "magical" is used to refer to OCD-related compulsive acts, it means
A)the person with OCD believes he/she is possessed.
B)compulsive behaviors sometimes result in unexplainable physical phenomena.
C)the compulsions have no logical relation to the obsessions.
D)many magicians have been diagnosed with OCD.
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Chapter 5: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is a dissociative disorder that is not found in Western cultures and appears to have some similarities to dissociative fugue.
A)Amok
B)Exorcism
C)Trance
D)Voodoo
Q2) In factitious disorders, the patient
A)voluntarily makes up symptoms with no apparent motivation.
B)is unaware that he or she is making up symptoms.
C)truly experiences symptoms with no apparent physical cause.
D)makes up symptoms in an effort to avoid work or to receive some other benefit.
Q3) The cause for somatic symptom and related disorders is most likely
A)biological.
B)psychological.
C)stressful life events.
D)all of these are correct.
Q4) Compare and contrast illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder.
Q5) Compare and contrast posttraumatic stress disorder and dissociative identity disorder. How are the two disorders similar? How are they different?
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Chapter 6: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cross-cultural research indicates that, due at least in part to appalling social and economic conditions, the prevalence of major depression is extremely high among A)African Americans.
B)European Americans.
C)Asian Americans.
D)Native Americans
Q2) Martin Seligman's theory that people become anxious and depressed because they believe that they have no control over the stress in their lives is informed by A)the learned helplessness model.
B)cognitive-behavioral theory.
C)humanistic/existential theory.
D)the Seligman model of depression.
Q3) Statistics on suicide indicate that approximately one-quarter to one-half of all suicides are associated with A)alcohol use.
B)guns.
C)aggression.
D)work stress.
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Chapter 7: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology
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122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dominant baboons were found to have better physical health than subordinate ones because they had
A)more food and mates.
B)more resting cortisol levels.
C)more predictability and controllability.
D)more intelligence and leadership.
Q2) In keeping daily records of the stressful events in their lives, patients in pain management programs are taught to be very specific about all of the following EXCEPT
A)the actual time of day that they experience stress.
B)what seems to "trigger the stress."
C)how they attempt to control the stress.
D)the level of intensity of the stress.
Q3) Psychosocial interventions such as stress reduction techniques for chronically ill individuals are thought to affect the disease process via the immune system by A)giving patients a reduced sense of control.
B)helping patients effectively utilize HAART drug regimes.
C)changing patients' positive cognitions.
D)helping patients reduce depression, thus reducing cortisol.
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9
Chapter 8: Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse used to compensate for excessive food ingestion?
A)Purging techniques
B)Obesity
C)Anorexia nervosa
D)Binge-eating disorder
Q2) Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by
A)complete cessation of respiratory activity for brief periods.
B)interruption of air flow and brief cessation of respiratory activity.
C)interruption of air flow without cessation of respiratory activity.
D)central nervous system disorders and trauma.
Q3) An eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight is called _______.
A)binging.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)binge-eating disorder.
D)anorexia nervosa.
Q4) Describe how the internet has been both helpful and a hindrance in cases of eating disorders.
Q5) Describe insomnia disorder and contrast it with hypersomnia. and narcolepsy.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders, and Gender Dysphoria
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the impact of culture on the definition of a sexual disorder. What cross-cultural evidence suggests that "normal" sexual behavior is culturally defined?
Q2) The basic concept behind the covert sensitization method of treating unwanted sexual arousal is to
A)create empathy for the victim of the behavior.
B)replace the immediate reinforcement of the behavior with the unpleasant consequences that ordinarily take longer to be experienced.
C)create a physically painful experience to replace the immediate reinforcement that the unwanted behavior has previously produced.
D)improve family functioning, social skills, and overall effectiveness of appropriate adult relations.
Q3) In order to qualify for sex reassignment surgery, candidates must be stable in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A)psychologically.
B)financially.
C)socially.
D)physically
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Substance-Related, Addictive, and Impulse-Control Disorders
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the parental factors that appears to contribute significantly to early adolescent drug use is
A)parents who are over-involved in the children's lives.
B)parents expecting children to achieve in school.
C)parents who spend little time monitoring their children.
D)parents having experimented with drugs during their own youth.
Q2) The brain's own version of THC is a neurochemical called A)endorphin.
B)cannabinoid.
C)encephalin.
D)anandamide.
Q3) All of the following are informative and accurate statements about inhalants EXCEPT that
A)inhalant use is most commonly observed among college students.
B)symptoms of inhalant use include slurred speech, dizziness, and euphoria.
C)long-term inhalant use can damage bone marrow, the kidneys, the liver, and the brain.
D)use of inhalants can cause users to be antisocial and aggressive.
Q4) Compare and contrast the stimulant drugs. Discuss the history of cocaine as well as its atypical type of addictive process.
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Chapter 11: Personality Disorders
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116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you had absolutely no concept or fear of the consequences of your actions (for yourself or others) and were overly motivated by pleasing yourself, you might behave like a person with ________ personality disorder.
A)antisocial
B)narcissistic
C)histrionic D)schizotypal
Q2) Without understanding the thought process motivating the patient's behavior, it would probably be impossible to determine whether a patient had ________ personality disorder or ________ personality disorder.
A)narcissistic; antisocial B)dependent; narcissistic C)borderline; histrionic D)schizoid; avoidant
Q3) Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by A)preoccupation with other people. B)obsession with keeping things neat and orderly. C)thinking of oneself as deserving of special treatment. D)pathological dishonesty.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Schizophrenia appears to be more frequently diagnosed in minorities in a number of countries. An explanation for this is
A)people from devalued ethnic minority groups may be victims of bias and stereotyping.
B)it may be the result of misdiagnosis.
C)the levels of stress associated with stigma and isolation.
D)all of these are correct
Q2) In which of the following situations would the risk of developing schizophrenia be the lowest for a child?
A)A child's schizophrenic parent has a non-schizophrenic identical twin.
B)A child's non-schizophrenic parent has a schizophrenic identical twin.
C)A child's schizophrenic parent has a non-schizophrenic fraternal twin.
D)A child's non-schizophrenic parent has a schizophrenic fraternal twin.
Q3) Antoinette believes that her brother is not really her brother and that he has, in fact, been replaced by a double. This is known as _______________ syndrome.
A)Capgras
B)Cotard
C)Barlow
D)Durand
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Chapter 13: Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Medication treatment for autism has been found to be
A)mildly effective.
B)generally ineffective.
C)generally effective.
D)highly effective initially, though the benefits of medication decrease over time.
Q2) During the late stages of major neurocognitive disorder, the ________ probably experiences the greatest need for psychosocial treatment.
A)caregiver
B)patient
C)family
D)healthcare provider
Q3) One of the two major characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is impairment in social communication and interaction. The other one involves
A)restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior.
B)below-average intelligence given the individual's age and education.
C)below-average academic achievement given the individual's intelligence.
D)significant perceptual deficits.
Q4) Describe the typical causes of delirium and how it is treated.
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Chapter 14: Mental Health Services: Legal and Ethical Issues
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Supreme Court ruling Addington v. Texas substantially limited the government's ability to commit individuals unless they were
A)dangerous.
B)found mentally ill.
C)both of these
D)neither of these
Q2) Cases in which the insanity defense has been used include those of all the following individuals EXCEPT
A)Charles Manson.
B)Jeffrey Dahmer.
C)Lee Harvey Oswald.
D)Ted Kaczynski.
Q3) During the 1980s, homelessness was blamed on strict civil commitment criteria and deinstitutionalization, two policies that included all of the following EXCEPT
A)limits on conditions for involuntary commitment.
B)limits placed on how long a mentally ill patient could stay in a hospital.
C)the closing of large psychiatric hospitals.
D)increased numbers of mental health professionals working in psychiatric hospitals.
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