Introduction to Clinical Psychology Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Introduction to Clinical Psychology offers a comprehensive overview of the field, exploring the scientific and practical foundations of assessing, diagnosing, and treating psychological disorders. Students will learn about the history, core concepts, and major theoretical approaches in clinical psychology, as well as ethical considerations, cultural influences, and current trends in the profession. The course also introduces common assessment techniques, intervention strategies, and the role of clinical psychologists in various settings, providing a solid foundation for further study or careers in mental health.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology 8th Edition by Thomas F. Oltmanns
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18 Chapters
2299 Verified Questions
2299 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Examples and Definitions of Abnormal Behavior
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155 Verified Questions
155 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An epidemiologist studies rates of depression in a community over a one-year period.Her calculation of incidence will be based on the A)average time between diagnosis and cure.
B)proportion of people who had ever been depressed.
C)number of new cases that developed during that year.
D)total number of active cases on the day of calculation.
Answer: C
Q2) Describe the categories of behavior that are excluded from categorization as mental illness in the DSM-5,and give an example of each.
Answer: (1)expected or culturally sanctioned response to a particular event (such as the death of a loved one); (2)deviant behaviors (such as the actions of political,religious,or sexual minorities); (3)conflicts that are between the individual and society (voluntary efforts to express individuality such as political protest or controversial art work)
Q3) ______________ is defined in terms of the values,beliefs,and practices that are shared by a specific community or group of people.
Answer: Culture
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Chapter 2: Causes of Abnormal Behavior
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203 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most forms of abnormal behavior are thought to be caused by A)genetics.
B)learning.
C)a single cause.
D)multiple factors.
Answer: D
Q2) A child overhears her teacher call her a "troublemaker." This label may play a key role in the child's development of A)ADHD.
B)ADD.
C)psychotic tendencies.
D)antisocial behavior.
Answer: D
Q3) Most of a neuron's metabolism and maintenance control and performance originate from the A)soma.
B)dendrites.
C)axiom terminal.
D)vesicles.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was one of the severe side effects of prefrontal lobotomies?
A)epilepsy
B)manic behavior
C)increased anxiety
D)absence of emotional responsiveness
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is most accurate with regard to the outcome research on psychoanalysis?
A)Most outcome research has demonstrated the effectiveness of this form of therapy.
B)Very little research has been conducted looking at the outcome of this therapy.
C)When compared to other forms of therapy this one is usually found to be more effective.
D)The most effective form of therapy has been found to be psychoanalysis with drug therapy.
Answer: B
Q3) According to Albert Ellis emotional disorders are caused by __________ beliefs. Answer: irrational
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Chapter 4: Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) The development of scientific classification systems proceeds in an orderly fashion over several years from the first steps involving description to later stages involving A)diagnosis.
B)theory.
C)dimensions.
D)categories.
Q2) You are attempting to diagnosis a patient,and you would like a view of her brain.You are interested in static structures,not function,so your two choices of scanning techniques are CT scans and A)MRI.
B)fMRI.
C)EEG.
D)TAT.
Q3) Psychological __________ is the process of gathering information in an attempt to understand a patient.
Q4) What are two major uses of a classification system for abnormal behavior?
Q5) Describe the different ways in which diagnosis can be useful (valid).Mention two types of validity.
6
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Chapter 5: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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Sample Questions
Q1) When an individual's symptoms are improved for a period of time,this improvement is referred to as __________.
Q2) What are the two response styles described by Nolen-Hoeksema? How are these response styles related to depression?
Q3) Robert strikes out during a softball game,causing his team to lose the game.He begins to brood about his failure,and concludes that not only is he a failure in sports,but in all areas of his life.How might we describe Robert's attribution style?
A)stable
B)global
C)external
D)magnified
Q4) Robert has just experienced an episode of mania.Which diagnostic label best describes his condition?
A)dysthymia
B)bipolar mood disorder
C)depressive disorder
D)dysphoric mood disorder
Q5) __________ or elated mood is the opposite emotional state from depressed mood.
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Chapter 6: Anxiety Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies of the long-term course of obsessive-compulsive disorder indicate that which of the following is true?
A)60 percent of patients demonstrate recovery after one year.
B)At a 40-year follow-up,approximately 30 percent show improvement.
C)Approximately 50 percent of patients still show symptoms after 30 years.
D)A higher percentage of females than males had not relapsed after 30 years.
Q2) Repetitive,unwanted,intrusive cognitive events in the form of thoughts,images,or impulses that intrude suddenly into consciousness are called A)phobias.
B)disorders.
C)obsessions.
D)compulsions.
Q3) The two different pathways in the brain involved in the detection of danger differ from one another with respect to A)their roles in panic disorder versus specific phobia.
B)the amount of conscious thinking and reasoning.
C)the detection of reality-based versus unrealistic threats.
D)their presence in humans versus lower animals.
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Chapter 7: Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders,
Dissociative Disorders, and Somatic Symptom Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best description of the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
A)Some individuals are predisposed to develop PTSD,and there is nothing they can do to stop its emergence.
B)The severity of the traumatic event is the most important factor in the development of PTSD.
C)PTSD develops in individuals who have inherited certain physiological patterns,regardless of their level of exposure to trauma.
D)PTSD results from the interaction of a traumatic event occurring to individuals with certain risk factors such as a history of mental disorder or a susceptibility to PTSD.
Q2) Describe the association between antisocial personality disorder and somatic symptom disorder.
Q3) Summarized in your textbook,the case study called "Dallae's Journey" involves a dissociative __________ .
Q4) Many people with PTSD also suffer from other mental disorders,such as depression,anxiety,and/or drug abuse.This is known as __________ .
Q5) Explain why dissociative identity disorder is such a controversial diagnosis.
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Chapter 8: Stress and Physical Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) In designing a public health prevention program,you plan to target a group that has already experienced the problem you aim to prevent.Your program is called what type of prevention program?
A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)serius
Q2) Health psychologists asked newly married couples to engage in 30-minute discussions of marital problems.What did the psychologists find when they compared couples who were hostile and negative with those who had more positive conversations?
A)Hostile interactions were associated with immunosuppression.
B)Hostile interactions led to a higher rate of colds over the next month.
C)Although hostile interactions raised blood pressure,it quickly returned to normal.
D)The type of interaction had no demonstrated effect on any aspect of immune system functioning.
Q3) A study that looks at a group of people at one point in time is known as a __________ study.
Q4) The technical term for a heart attack is __________ .
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Chapter 9: Personality Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chris is a painfully shy 24-year-old woman who usually stays at home and rarely interacts with others outside of her immediate family.At work she stays away from other people,preferring to remain in the stock room as often as possible.She rarely initiates conversations at work or at home.Chris seems to exhibit __________ personality disorder.
A)paranoid
B)avoidant
C)borderline
D)narcissistic
Q2) Instability in mood,instability within relationships,and difficulty being alone are all characteristics of __________ personality disorder.
A)avoidant
B)schizoid
C)antisocial
D)borderline
Q3) Discuss the importance of understanding a patient's culture when making a diagnostic decision.
Q4) Discuss the results of studies of the prevalence of personality disorders based on community and clinical samples.
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Chapter 10: Feeding and Eating Disorders
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105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A weight level the body seems to defend by adjusting its rate of energy use is called the
A)weight set point.
B)ideal weight.
C)metabolic weight.
D)energy/weight balance.
Q2) In the long run,viewed in a timeframe longer than 12 months,the most effective form of psychotherapy for the treatment of bulimia nervosa seems to be __________ .
Q3) Summarize what is currently know about the role of genetics and neurophysiology in eating disorders.
Q4) Which of the following is a reason frequently given by scientists to explain the much higher rate of eating disorders among females?
A)Women are much more likely than men to base self-image on body image.
B)Men are not concerned about appearance.
C)Men do not have to be concerned about the cultural image of good looks.
D)Women do not tend to judge men based on appearance.
Q5) Discuss the defining characteristics of anorexia.
Q6) How does DSM-5 handle obesity and binge-eating disorder?
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the general conclusion on research designed to match certain types of patients to particular alcohol treatment programs?
A)There is little evidence for the effectiveness of matching.
B)The primary variable predicting treatment success is the accuracy of the match.
C)The success of these matches depends primarily on the client's level of comorbid conditions.
D)Age,socioeconomic status,and other demographic factors are the key to creating a good match.
Q2) Which of the following offers a useful basis for distinguishing between people who are dependent on alcohol and those who are not?
A)legal involvement due to drinking
B)the amount of money spent on alcohol
C)the number of problems due to drinking
D)the amount of alcohol consumed each week
Q3) Abstinence during a treatment program that allows for the removal of a drug on which a person has become dependent is known as __________.
Q4) Cocaine is a member of a group of drugs known as __________ stimulants.
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Chapter 12: Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders and Gender Dysphoria
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in masochistic sexual activity?
A)Helen,who works as a nursing assistant at the local nursing home
B)Iris,who just graduated from a small state college and loves to collect military items
C)Frank,who is a paramedic and is frequently the first one on the scene of a terrible accident
D)Gary,who is highly educated and whose social activities are often described in the social column of the newspaper
Q2) After gathering data on the typical individuals who seek treatment for hypoactive sexual desire,how will researchers describe these individuals?
A)They are confused about sexual identity.
B)They are likely to have been abused as children.
C)They are likely to have other mental and medical disorders.
D)They are overwhelmed with guilt and anxiety concerning sexual activity.
Q3) Changing the way in which people think about sex is called __________ restructuring.
Q4) Summarize the psychological treatments used to treat paraphilias and their efficacy.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most common age when symptoms of schizophrenia may initially appear is
A)before age three.
B)between six and ten years old.
C)in adolescence and early adulthood.
D)after age 40.
Q2) What is the key to the assertive community treatment programs for schizophrenia?
A)The clinicians seek out the patients to provide services.
B)The programs encourage members of the community to interact with patients.
C)The programs use some of the same techniques used in assertive training for socially shy people.
D)The clinicians insist that patients must live on their own in the community,without relying on drug treatments.
Q3) In the search for genetic contributions to schizophrenic disorders,attention is being paid to a form of the COMT gene (called the Val allele),which seems to A)decrease the rate of apoptosis.
B)alter the functioning of the amygdala.
C)affect the transmission of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex.
D)alter GABA activity.
Q4) ________ behavior is characterized by motor immobility or purposeless movement.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Unusual involuntary muscle movements known as chorea (from the Greek word meaning "dance")represent the most distinctive feature of
Q2) A common cause of delirium among the elderly is
A)mutations of genes on chromosome 21.
B)antihistamines.
C)urinary tract infection.
D)normal decline in fluid intelligence.
Q3) The cognitive symptoms seen in dementia and delirium
A)are not seen in any other disorders.
B)are seen in other disorders as well but are not defining features.
C)are seen in other disorders but are not as severe.
D)are only seen in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.
Q4) Many specific conditions are associated with neurocognitive disorder.These are distinguished primarily on the basis of the
A)specific types of brain lesions.
B)specific types of chromosomal abnormalities.
C)degree of severity.
D)age of onset.
Q5) A term that means "perception without meaning" is
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Chapter 15: Intellectual Disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about ASD?
A)Savant performance is common among people with ASD.
B)Nearly 75 percent of people with classic autism have IQs above 100.
C)Most people with ASD do not show savant performance.
D)Over 90 percent of people with ASD show savant performance involving mathematical skills.
Q2) What basic problem is reflected in the communication difficulties and impaired social relationships of ASD children?
A)motor impairments
B)perceptual impairment
C)depression and sleeplessness
D)lack of social imitation and reciprocity
Q3) By their 30s,individuals with Down syndrome develop brain pathology that is similar to that found in
A)Alzheimer's disease.
B)Parkinson's disease.
C)Huntington's disease.
D)Korsakoff's syndrome.
Q4) Historically,the diagnosis of ASD exploded after the introduction of ____________ disorder.
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Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders of Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the general conclusion of researchers who have investigated the influence of genetic factors on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
A)Genetic factors strongly contribute to this disorder.
B)The concordance rate for MZ twins is high,but symptoms appear to be reactions to other mental disorders.
C)Genetic factors seem to play no role in the development of this disorder.
D)The concordance rate among dizygotic twins is higher than it is for monozygotic twins.
Q2) The PTA invited a speaker to address the topic of crime among adolescents.What information might the speaker cite in this talk to parents of young people?
A)The rate of crime committed by young people is increasing in spite of intervention efforts.
B)The worst five percent of juvenile offenders account for about half of all juvenile arrests.
C)Most of the crimes committed by young people are committed against schools and are generally taken as signs of rebellion.
D)Young people under the age of 18 frequently engage in serious,violent crimes.
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Chapter 17: Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle
Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "silver tsunami" expected into the middle of the 21st century is primarily due to A)the aging of the "baby boom" generation.
B)medical advances increasing the number of older and frail adults.
C)immigration of young families resulting in a younger population.
D)divorce and remarriage resulting in more children and a younger population.
Q2) A psychologist is trying to understand the level of cooperation and conflict evident in the social exchanges of a family.This psychologist is focusing on A)reciprocity.
B)boundaries.
C)roles.
D)rules.
Q3) Among men over 70,which of the following is most frequently listed as making a positive contribution to their quality of lives?
A)financial security
B)good health
C)an active lifestyle
D)relationships with family and friends
Q4) ____________ is the multidisciplinary study of aging.
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Mental Health and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) The philosophy of parens patriae holds that the government has a humanitarian responsibility to
A)care for society's weaker members.
B)keep the mentally ill from having children.
C)reimburse family members who care for the mentally ill.
D)protect society at large from the mentally ill.
Q2) Discuss three rights mental patients have in the United States with regard to treatment and how they are sometimes contradictory.
Q3) The deinstitutionalization movement was based on the philosophy that the mentally ill
A)should be hospitalized if they are homeless.
B)should be placed in private,not public,hospitals.
C)need to be hospitalized under more humane conditions.
D)can be better served in the community rather than in hospitals.
Q4) Mental health professionals operate under an assumption of __________,the perspective that human behavior is determined by biological,psychological,and social forces.
Q5) The 1843 M'Naghten decision was the beginning of the __________ defense in Western law.
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