Introduction to Chemistry
Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Chemistry provides a comprehensive foundation in the basic principles and concepts that underlie the study of matter and its interactions. Topics include the structure of atoms and molecules, the periodic table of elements, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, chemical reactions, states of matter, energy changes, and the properties of acids, bases, and solutions. The course emphasizes both qualitative and quantitative problem-solving skills, as well as laboratory techniques and safety. It is designed for students seeking to build a strong understanding of chemistry for further study in science, engineering, medicine, or related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Introductory Chemistry 4th Edition by Nivaldo J. Tro
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
19 Chapters
1962 Verified Questions
1962 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3729 Page 2
Chapter 1: The Chemical World
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
54 Verified Questions
54 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74366
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a scientific law?
A)All matter is composed of small,indestructible particles called atoms.
B)In a chemical reaction,matter is neither created nor destroyed.
C)When a can of soda pop is opened,a fizzing sound is heard.
D)Flammable objects contain phlogiston.
E)none of the above
Answer: B
Q2) A good definition of chemistry is:
A)the science that seeks to understand what matter does by studying what atoms and molecules do.
B)the science that seeks to understand what living organisms do by studying the molecules that make up the organism.
C)the science that seeks to understand what the universe does by studying interactions of molecules with atoms.
D)the science that seeks to understand the interactions of molecules for the sake of advancing human control over nature.
E)none of the above
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
3
Chapter 2: Measurement and Problem Solving
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74367
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is NOT part of the rules for determining significant figures?
A)Non-zero digits at the end of a number are not significant.
B)Zeroes between two numbers are significant.
C)Zeroes to the left of the first non-zero number are not significant.
D)Zeroes at the end of a number,but before a decimal are ambiguous.
E)All of the above statements are part of the rules.
Answer: A
Q2) The decimal number 0.0210 expressed in scientific notation is 2.10 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup>.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The exponential 10<sup>-3</sup> is equal to which decimal number?
A)0.1
B)0.001
C)-0.00001
D)-0.0001
E)none of the above
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Matter and Energy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74368
Sample Questions
Q1) How much heat (kJ)is absorbed by 948.0 g of water in order for the temperature to increase from 25.00°C to 32.50°C?
A)7.5
B)31.4
C)30.2
D)29.7
E)none of the above
Answer: D
Q2) The boiling point of water is (1)212 °F (2)0°C (3)373 K
A)1 and 2 only
B)2 and 3 only
C)1 and 3 only
D)all of 1,2,and 3
E)none of 1,2,and 3
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Atoms and Elements
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74369
Sample Questions
Q1) An atom containing 8 protons,9 neutrons,and 8 electrons would be considered charge-neutral.
A)True
B)False
Q2) J.J.Thomson discovered the existence of protons.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All elemental symbols are comprised of a two-letter abbreviation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the mass number of the hydrogen isotope that contains 2 neutrons?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)none of the above
Q5) All elements have three or more naturally occurring isotopes.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74370
Sample Questions
Q1) Which among the following elements does NOT exist as a diatomic molecule in nature?
A)hydrogen
B)nitrogen
C)fluorine
D)neon
E)none of the above
Q2) What is the correct formula for the hypochlorite polyatomic ion?
A)ClO<sup>-</sup>
B)ClO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>
C)ClO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>
D)ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>
E)none of the above
Q3) The phosphorous-to-hydrogen mass ratio is 10.2 for a compound.This ratio could correspond to the compound A)PH.
B)PH<sub>2.</sub>
C)PH<sub>3.</sub>
D)PH<sub>6.</sub>
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Chemical Composition
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74371
Sample Questions
Q1) The lighter the atom,the less mass in one mole of that atom.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The chemical formula CuBr<sub>2</sub> indicates that this compound is composed of 1 gram of copper and 2 grams of bromine.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How many moles of Cu are in 1.48 × 10<sup>25</sup> Cu atoms?
A)0.0408
B)24.6
C)1.54 × 10<sup>25</sup>
D)6.022 × 10<sup>23</sup>
E)none of the above
Q4) How many moles are there in 17.5 grams of sodium?
A)22.99
B)1.05 × 10<sup>25</sup>
C)0.761
D)1.31
E)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74372
Sample Questions
Q1) A reaction which forms a gaseous product is an example of a(n)________.
A)oxidation-reduction reaction
B)combustion reaction
C)precipitation reaction
D)gas evolution reaction
E)none of the above
Q2) One of the characteristics of an acid-base reaction is that this type of reaction forms water.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen,emitting heat and forming oxygen-containing compounds is an example of a(n)
A)acid-base reaction.
B)combustion reaction.
C)precipitation reaction.
D)gas evolution reaction.
E)none of the above
Q4) Mixing two aqueous solutions will always result in formation of a precipitate.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74373
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is TRUE?
A)Stoichiometry shows the numerical relationship between chemical quantities in a balanced chemical equation.
B)Stoichiometry allows prediction of the amounts of products that form in a chemical reaction based on the amounts of reactants.
C)Stoichiometry allows prediction of how much of the reactants are necessary to form a given amount of product.
D)All of the above are true.
E)None of the above are true.
Q2) If the theoretical yield of a reaction is 42.0 grams of product and the percent yield is 75%.How many grams were actually produced?
A)5400
B)56
C)32
D)1.8
E)none of the above
Q3) The primary greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 10
Chapter 9: Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74374
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following elements has the lowest ionization energy?
A)Rb
B)Na
C)C
D)F
E)He
Q2) Electrons behave like particles and we can describe their exact paths.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which color of the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength (750 nm)?
A)red
B)orange
C)green
D)violet
E)yellow
Q4) Transition metal elements always contain at least one "d" block electron.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74375
Sample Questions
Q1) It is important to identify lone pairs around a central atom because they do not repel other electron groups.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The central atom in the chlorate anion,ClO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><sup> </sup>is surrounded by
A)two bonding and two unshared pairs of electrons.
B)one bonding and three unshared pairs of electrons.
C)three bonding and one unshared pair of electrons.
D)two double bonds and no unshared pairs of electrons.
E)none of the above.
Q3) Which substance listed below is a polar molecule?
A)NH<sub>4</sub><sup>1</sup><sup>+</sup>
B)Cl<sub>2</sub>O
C)SiCl<sub>4</sub>
D)all of the compounds
E)none of the compounds
Q4) Boron forms compounds that violate the octet rule.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Gases
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74376
Sample Questions
Q1) As we climb a mountain to a higher altitude,we experience a pressure decrease.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Straws work because sucking creates a pressure difference.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Gas particles lose energy every time they collide with each other or the container wall.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the final volume (L)of a 1.00 L system at 315 K and 1.10 atm if STP conditions are established?
A)1.05
B)0.935
C)1.50
D)0.953
E)none of the above
Q5) Gases fill the entire volume of their container.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Liquids,solids,and Intermolecular Forces
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74377
Sample Questions
Q1) The rate of vaporization of a liquid can be increased by
1.increasing the surface area
2.increasing the temperature
3.increasing the strength of the intermolecular forces
A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)1 and 2 only
E)2 and 3 only
Q2) A 250 gram sample of water at the boiling point had 45.0 kJ of heat added.How many grams of water were vaporized? Heat of vaporization for water is 40.6 kJ/mole.
A)1.11
B)20.0
C)0.902
D)16.2
E)none of the above
Q3) Evaporation is an endothermic process.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 13: Solutions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74378
Sample Questions
Q1) If the solubility of sodium acetate (Molar mass = 82 g/mol)is 76 grams per 100 grams of water,which of the following solutions would be considered supersaturated?
A)8.5 moles of sodium acetate dissolved in 1 L of water
B)5.5 moles of sodium acetate dissolved in 500 mL of water
C)1.8 moles of sodium acetate dissolved in 300 mL of water
D)1.2 moles of sodium acetate dissolved in 200 mL of water
E)none of the above
Q2) How many mL of 0.218 M sodium sulfate react with exactly 25.34 mL of 0.113 M BaCl<sub>2</sub> given the reaction: BaCl<sub>2</sub> (aq)+ Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>(aq) BaSO<sub>4</sub> (s)+ 2NaCl (aq)
A)13.1
B)5.52
C)24.6
D)2.86
E)none of the above
Q3) Molarity is defined as the moles of solute per liter of solution.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 14: Acids and Bases
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74379
Sample Questions
Q1) In general,the stronger the acid,the weaker is its conjugate base.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the [OH<sup>-</sup>] in a solution that has a pOH of 9.65?
A)4.5 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>9</sup> M
B)4.5 × 10<sup>5</sup> M
C)9.8 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup> M
D)2.2 × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>10</sup> M
E)none of the above
Q3) Which of the following contributes to acid rain?
A)The use of volatile acids in industry.
B)The reaction of metal oxides with water.
C)The reaction of nonmetal oxides with water.
D)The reaction of alkali metals with water.
E)all of the above
Q4) The conjugate base to HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> is SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>.
A)True B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74380
Sample Questions
Q1) For the reaction Ag<sub>2</sub>S(s) 2 Ag<sup>+</sup> (aq)+ S<sup>2-</sup> (aq),what happens to the equilibrium position if aqueous ammonium sulfide is added?
A)shifts to the left
B)shifts to the right
C)does nothing
D)doubles
E)halves
Q2) For the reaction Ag<sub>2</sub>S(s) 2 Ag<sup>+</sup> (aq)+ S<sup>2-</sup> (aq),what happens to the equilibrium position if the amount of solid silver sulfide is doubled?
A)shifts to the left
B)shifts to the right
C)does nothing
D)doubles
E)halves
Q3) Placing a [ ] around the formula of a chemical means that we are referring to the molar concentration of that chemical.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 16: Oxidation and Reduction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74381
Sample Questions
Q1) Reduction can be defined as the gain of oxygen atoms by another element.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cars are being developed that run on hydrogen gas and the only emission is water.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The reducing agent typically:
A)gains electrons.
B)always remains unchanged during a reaction.
C)is the oxidized substance.
D)is itself reduced.
E)none of the above
Q4) Oxidation typically involves:
A)the loss of electrons.
B)the loss of oxygen.
C)the gain of electrons.
D)the gain of water.
E)none of the above
Q5) Distinguish between a galvanic (voltaic)cell and an electrolytic cell.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 17: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74382
Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe the main features of the three types of radiation: alpha,beta,and gamma.Also explain what happens to the nucleus of an atom when it is exposed to each of these.
Q2) Iodine-131 has a half-life of 8 days.How much of a 1000 milligram sample of iodine-131 would be left after 32 days?
A)500 milligram
B)250 milligram
C)125 milligram
D)62.5 milligram
E)31.25 milligram
Q3) A fusion reaction emits large amounts of energy while a fission reaction absorbs large amounts of energy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Radioactive particles can pass through matter.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Madam Curie discovered two new elements.
A)True
B)False
19
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 18: Organic Chemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74383
Sample Questions
Q1) A straight chain saturated hydrocarbon has eight carbon atoms.Its molecular formula is
A)C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>14</sub>.
B)C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>16</sub>.
C)C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub>.
D)C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>24</sub>.
E)none of the above
Q2) The formula of n-octane is: CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH< sub>3</sub>.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Combustion reactions always produce water and carbon monoxide.
A)True
B)False
Q4) 1-hexene and 1-hexyne are isomers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) An ethyl group can be symbolized as -CH<sub>3</sub>.
A)True
B)False
Page 20
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 19: Biochemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
95 Verified Questions
95 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/74384
Sample Questions
Q1) A gene is a portion of DNA that codes for a single protein.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Fructose is an example of a hexose,a six-carbon sugar.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Monosaccharides typically rearrange in aqueous solution to form double helix structures.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A chromosome is:
A)a structure within the cell nucleus that houses genes.
B)a portion of DNA that codes for a single protein.
C)a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a single amino acid.
D)a portion of a protein that codes for a single amino acid.
E)none of the above
Q5) The smallest structural unit of a living organism is the cell nucleus.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Summarize the main features of the four categories of protein structure.
Page 21
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.