Introduction to Chemistry
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Chemistry is a foundational course that explores the basic principles and concepts underlying the study of matter. Students will investigate atomic structure, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, the periodic table, states of matter, chemical reactions, and energy changes in chemical processes. The course also emphasizes the scientific method and problem-solving skills, providing students with laboratory experiences to apply theoretical knowledge in practical settings. By the end, learners will have a comprehensive understanding of how chemical principles are relevant to everyday life and further scientific study.
Recommended Textbook
CHEM2 Chemistry in Your World 2nd Edition by Hogg
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Living in a World of Chemistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the approximate population of the world?
A) 6,000,000 people
B) about 3 billion people
C) over 6,000,000,000 people
D) 2,000,000 people
Answer: C
Q2) An endeavor to provide an "ample margin of safety" to protect the public is an example of a
A) technology-based law.
B) balancing law.
C) risk management.
D) risk-based laws.
Answer: A
Q3) Refrigeration has been used since the late 1800s and early refrigerants were A) safe.
B) flammable and toxic.
C) inert.
D) fluorine compounds, CFCs.
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Chemical View of Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) For which of the following is it necessary that there be a definite composition which cannot vary?
A) mixture
B) solution
C) compound
D) colloid
Answer: C
Q2) A pure substance which can be decomposed into two or more pure substances is a(n)
A) element.
B) compound.
C) mixture.
D) colloid.
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following is not one of the common states of matter?
A) solid
B) plasma
C) liquid
D) gas
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Atoms and the Periodic Table
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Sample Questions
Q1) What experimental evidence served as a basis of Bohr's atomic theory?
A) magnetic measurements
B) behavior of atoms at low temperatures
C) atomic mass
D) atomic spectra
Answer: D
Q2) The symbol and atomic number of the heaviest alkaline earth elements are, respectively
A) Ra, 226.
B) Fr, 223.
C) Ra, 88.
D) Fr, 87.
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following elements is a metal?
A) Cl
B) Na
C) Ar
D) S
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Air We Breathe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the secondary pollutant in photochemical smog?
A) ozone
B) nitrogen
C) hydrocarbon
D) nitrogen dioxide
Q2) Which source is responsible for the greatest NOx emissions in the United States?
A) lightning
B) biomass burning
C) fossil fuel combustion
D) microbial activity in soil
Q3) Which pollutant is related to the following sources: sea salt, automobile and truck exhaust, volcanoes, electric power plants?
A) lead
B) sulfur dioxide
C) carbon monoxide
D) particulates
Q4) Nitrogen and oxygen are the most abundant gases in the atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A temperature of -60 °C would most likely be found near the number______.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Chemical Bonding and States of Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following has bond a angle of 180° between atoms?
A) CH<sub>4</sub>
B) SO<sub>3</sub>
C) H<sub>2</sub>O
D) CO<sub>2</sub>
Q2) The normal boiling point of a liquid is
A) high for volatile liquids.
B) high for nonvolatile liquids.
C) low for nonvolatile liquids.
D) The same for all liquids, that is what normal means.
Q3) Which of the following elements can form a cation?
A) K
B) Ne
C) O
D) F
Q4) What ion is likely to be formed by magnesium (Mg) in chemical reactions?
A) Mg<sup>+</sup>
B) Mg<sup>2+</sup>
C) Mg<sup>-</sup>
D) Mg<sup>2-</sup>
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Carbon Dioxide and the Greenhouse Effect
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does a plant covert carbon dioxide into during photosynthesis?
A) sugar
B) water
C) carbon monoxide
D) methane
Q2) Which type of radiation is the most energetic?
A) microwaves
B) visible
C) ultraviolet
D) infrared
Q3) Which arrow or sets of arrows do not represent only IR radiation?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
Q4) How are carbon dioxide concentrations determined from thousands of years ago?
A) analysis of decayed plant material
B) analysis of ice samples
C) analysis of the atmosphere
D) analysis of the Earth's core
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Chapter 7: Chlorofluorocarbons and the Ozone Layer
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a photochemical reaction,
A) the chemical reaction is energized by light.
B) nitrogen dioxide must be present.
C) ozone is always formed.
D) none of the above
Q2) Which type of radiation is the most energetic?
A) UV-A
B) UV-B
C) UV-C
D) visible
Q3) Which type of radiation is effective at damaging DNA?
A) UV-A
B) UV-B
C) UV-C
D) visible
Q4) Why are scientists worried about the ozone hole?
A) increase in skin cancer
B) increase in plant growth
C) decrease in ocean temperature
D) all of the above
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Chapter 8: Chemical Reactivity: Chemicals in Action
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does changing concentration effect the rate of a chemical reaction?
A) Increasing the concentration of a reactant will increase the reaction rate.
B) The concentration has very little effect on reaction rates.
C) The reaction rate increases only when all reactant concentrations are increased.
D) Increasing the concentration of products increases reaction rates.
Q2) A catalyst speeds up a reaction rate because it
A) raises the reaction temperature.
B) provides an alternate lower energy pathway.
C) increases the energy of reactants.
D) removes products from the reaction mixture.
Q3) What reaction rate factor is responsible for a dust explosion in a flour mill?
A) increased temperature
B) increased surface area
C) presence of catalysis
D) foreign chemicals
Q4) If a catalyst were added to this reaction, the position of letter ______ would appear lower on the energy scale.
Q5) The reactants are represented by the letter _______.
Q6) E<sub>act</sub> is represented by the letter_______.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Acid-Base Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the pH of a 0.0525 M HCl solution?
A) 5.25
B) 0.0525
C) 1.28
D) 3.00
Q2) Which common substance would have a pH less than 7?
A) milk of magnesia
B) wine
C) borax solution
D) bleach
Q3) A base is
A) an OH<sup>-</sup> ion donor.
B) a hydrogen ion donor.
C) a substance like magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>.
D) both a and c
Q4) Carbonic acid, H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(aq) is present in A) eye drops.
B) milk.
C) carbonated beverages.
D) vinegar.
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Chapter 10: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the function of a bleaching agent?
A) oxidize colored chemicals
B) reduce colored chemicals
C) oxidize bleach
D) remove salts from hard water
Q2) PbSO<sub>4</sub>, Pb, and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> are chemicals in
A) dry cell
B) primary battery
C) salt bridge
D) automobile battery
Q3) The reaction(s) found in primary batteries are easily reversible.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Al should be placed at letter _____.
Q5) Free radicals are particles that A) have an unpaired electron.
B) act as oxidizing agents.
C) grab another electron from a neighboring molecule.
D) all of the above
Q6) Oxidation occurs in compartment _____.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Water, Water Everywhere but Not a Drop to Drink
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fertilizers such as nitrates and phosphates are examples of what type of pollutant?
A) minerals and chemicals
B) infectious agents
C) plant nutrients
D) oxygen-demanding wastes
Q2) Which of the following pollutants does not contribute to acid rain?
A) SO<sub>2</sub>
B) NO<sub>2</sub>
C) CO<sub>2</sub>
D) O<sub>3</sub>
Q3) Two acids found in acid rain are
A) nitric acid and phosphoric acid.
B) sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
C) phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.
D) carbonic acid and acetic acid.
Q4) Precipitation with a pH of 8.0 would classify as acid rain.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The source of water for "G" is region labeled by the letter_____.
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Chapter 12: Energy and Hydrocarbons
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following compounds would you expect to have the highest octane rating?
A) pentane, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> , CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>
B) hexane, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub> , CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH< sub>3</sub>
C) isooctane, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub> , (CH<sub>3</sub>) <sub>3</sub>CCH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>) <sub>2</sub>
D) heptane, C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub> , CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH< sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>
Q2) The octane rating of straight run gasoline from fractional distillation of petroleum can be raised by A) catalytic reforming.
B) adding tertiary-butyl alcohol.
C) adding ethanol.
D) all of the above
Q3) During the combustion of one mole of ethanol, the number of O-H bonds formed is _____.
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Chapter 13: Nuclear Changes and Nuclear Power
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of radiation can penetrate a thin piece of lead?
A) gamma
B) alpha
C) beta
D) all the above
Q2) When a radioactive sample decays for 2 half-lives the amount remaining will be ____ of the original.
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 1/8
D) unpredictable
Q3) The binding energy of a nucleus is
A) the energy emitted when separate neutrons, protons, and electrons combine to form an atom.
B) the energy required to dissociate an atom into separate neutrons, protons, and neutrons.
C) equivalent to a quantity of mass expressed by Einstein's equation, E = mc<sup>2</sup>.
D) All of the preceding answers are correct.
Q4) After 60 hours, ______mg of sample X will remain.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Organic Chemicals and Polymers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following commercial materials is not a condensation polymer?
A) Teflon
B) Dacron
C) Mylar
D) nylon
Q2) In the manufacture of vulcanized rubber, sulfur is used to form cross-links.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The discovery of nylon is l935 was made by which DuPont employee listed below?
A) W. Carothers.
B) S. Kwolek.
C) L. Baekeland.
D) C. Goodyear.
Q4) Which of the following is an incorrect pairing between the given formula and the type of functional group?
A)
CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub> CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>, alkene
B) CH<sub>3</sub>OCH<sub>3</sub>, amine
C) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH, alcohol
D) (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO, ketone
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Chapter 15: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lipids are a class of compounds which are not soluble in water and contain a fused four ring structure.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The structure of a tripeptide is Ala-Ser-Aly. What are the expected elements present in the tripeptide?
A) C, H, N, O
B) C, H
C) C, H, N
D) C, H, O
Q3) How many natural occurring amino acids are known?
A) 20
B) 70
C) hundreds
D) thousands
Q4) Hydrolysis of lactose yields
A) "D-glucose only."
B) "D-glucose and D-fructose."
C) "\(\beta\)-D-glucose and \(\alpha\)-D-glucose."
D) "D-galactose and D-glucose."
17
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Chapter 16: Nutrition: the Basis of Healthy Living
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Sample Questions
Q1) A flavor enhancer is
A) MSG.
B) BHT.
C) an enzyme.
D) beta-carotene.
Q2) Bran, fruit pulp, and whole grains
A) provide bulk to move toxins out of the intestines.
B) are a complete diet recommended for fast weight reduction.
C) have nothing in common.
D) contain protein and fat only.
Q3) What do antioxidants react with in foods?
A) water
B) microorganisms
C) free radicals
D) colors that cause cancer
Q4) Which is an important indigestible carbohydrate in the diet?
A) amylose
B) cellulose
C) glycogen
D) glucose
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Chapter 17: Chemistry and Medicine
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which opium derivative is the most addictive?
A) codeine
B) morphine
C) heroin
D) LSD
Q2) Which of the compounds listed below is not an analgesic?
A) acetylsalicylic acid
B) Demerol
C) heroin
D) acetic acid
Q3) An antimetabolite drug for cancer is
A) nitroglycerin.
B) cyclophosphamide.
C) sulfanilamide.
D) methotrexate.
Q4) Which substance named below is not an alkaloid or alkaloid derivative?
A) aspirin
B) codeine
C) heroin.
D) morphine
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Chapter 18: The Chemistry of Useful Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amorphous materials
A) are solids like tar and glass that lack internal order.
B) are solids with regular order.
C) have a definite crystal structure.
D) are crystalline solids.
Q2) Most of the material in the Earth's crust is composed of a homogenous collection of various compounds.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How many valence electrons would be found in an atom used as dopant in a p-type semiconductor?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
Q4) Which commonly used structural metal has the lowest density?
A) aluminum
B) zinc
C) magnesium
D) titanium
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Chapter 19: Feeding the World
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Sample Questions
Q1) A quick-release fertilizer depends on what factor in getting soil nutrients immediately into the soil?
A) catalysis
B) temperature
C) pressure
D) solubility
Q2) Which of the following resulted in the largest recorded increases in the growth of human population?
A) agricultural revolution
B) technological revolution
C) industrial revolution
D) socialist revolution
Q3) Reactions involving nitrogenase and the Haber process share which of the following?
A) the same catalyst
B) the same product
C) the same conditions of temperature and pressure
D) the same reactants
Q4) __________ has decreased energy costs but increased labor costs.
Q5) The Flavr Savr tomato is an early example of ______crop.
Page 21
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