Introduction to Biopsychology Study Guide Questions - 3327 Verified Questions

Introduction to Biopsychology Study Guide Questions

Course Introduction

Introduction to Biopsychology explores the biological foundations of human behavior by examining how the brain, nervous system, and other physiological processes influence thoughts, emotions, and actions. Students will learn about the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems, sensory and motor systems, neurochemistry, and the biological basis of psychological phenomena such as perception, learning, memory, motivation, and mental health disorders. This course provides a foundational understanding of how biological processes intersect with psychological experience, incorporating current research and practical applications in the field.

Recommended Textbook

Biological Psychology 11th Edition by

James W. Kalat

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15 Chapters

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Page 2

Chapter 1: The Major Issues

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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a reason that biological psychologists study animals?

A) Animal's brains and behavior are often similar to humans.

B) Animals are often easier to study than humans.

C) Biological psychologists are interested in the animals themselves.

D) One does not have to consider ethical issues with animals.

Answer: D

Q2) What is TRUE about altruistic behavior?

A) It is evident in every animal species.

B) It can be completely explained in terms of genetic contributions.

C) It is difficult to explain from an evolutionary/genetic point of view.

D) It has a genetic component only in humans.

Answer: C

Q3) Briefly describe Lamarckian evolution.

Answer: This is the theory of evolution through the inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Q4) Minimalists do not tolerate any kind of animal research.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

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Chapter 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

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Sample Questions

Q1) A drug would prevent an action potential if it:

A) lowers the threshold of the membrane.

B) blocks the movement of potassium across the membrane.

C) blocks the movement of sodium across the membrane.

D) increases the movement of sodium across the membrane.

Answer: C

Q2) Who was the first researcher to demonstrate that neurons are separate from one another?

A) Curt P. Richter

B) Santiago Ramon y Cajal

C) Charles S. Sherrington

D) Jose Delgado

Answer: B

Q3) Which of the following is an important function of the blood-brain barrier?

A) It enables more nutrients to reach the brain.

B) It maintains an electrical gradient.

C) It aids in the production of neurotransmitters.

D) It protects the brain from most viruses.

Answer: A

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Page 4

Chapter 3: Synapses

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Sample Questions

Q1) Large neurotransmitters are synthesized in the:

A) postsynaptic terminal.

B) presynaptic terminal.

C) cell body.

D) dendrites.

Answer: C

Q2) After one frog's heart has been stimulated, an extract of fluid from that heart can make a second frog's heart beat faster. What conclusion did Otto Loewi draw from these results?

A) Transmission at synapses is a chemical event.

B) The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are antagonistic.

C) Transmission at heart muscle synapses is electrical.

D) Hormones facilitate the actions of the nervous system.

Answer: A

Q3) Describe the main chemical events at a synapse.

Answer: 11ec6245_e458_e874_a67d_9b71605136f4_TB2022_00

Q4) Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

Page 5

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Chapter 4: Anatomy of the Nervous System

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which lobe contains the primary motor cortex and the prefrontal cortex?

A) Occipital

B) Parietal

C) Temporal

D) Frontal

Q2) The raphe system sends axons to the:

A) forebrain.

B) reticular formation.

C) spinal cord.

D) cerebellum.

Q3) The diencephalon is composed of the:

A) thalamus and basal ganglia.

B) basal ganglia and hypothalamus.

C) thalamus and hypothalamus.

D) thalamus and hippocampus.

Q4) All of the cells in a given column in the cerebral cortex:

A) have the same shape.

B) are the same size.

C) are involved in the same function.

D) are connected to one another by a single horizontal cell.

Page 6

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Chapter 5: Development and Plasticity of the Brain

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is the most common cause of a stroke?

A) Lack of glucose

B) Ischemia from an obstruction of an artery

C) Hemorrhage of an artery

D) Blow to the head

Q2) What is the process called when a primitive neuron begins to develop dendrites and an axon?

A) Differentiation

B) Migration

C) Myelination

D) Proliferation

Q3) Which of the following would be the best treatment for helping someone who is suffering from a stroke caused by a blood clot?

A) decrease activity of the sodium-potassium pump

B) warm the brain

C) administer tPA

D) enhance glutamate release

Q4) Define proliferation during neural development.

Q5) Describe the five main stages of growth and development of neurons.

Q6) Define differentiation during neural development.

Page 7

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Chapter 6: Vision

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Sample Questions

Q1) According to the trichromatic theory of color vision:

A) there are only three rods and three cones in each eye.

B) there are only three colors of light in the world.

C) rods are important for perception of light colors.

D) our perception of color depends on the relative activity of three types of cones.

Q2) What is prosopagnosia?

Q3) Light from above our head strikes the:

A) left side of the retina.

B) right side of the retina.

C) top half of the retina.

D) bottom half of the retina.

Q4) If we compare the receptive fields of two simple cells in the primary visual cortex, chosen at random, in what way are they most likely to differ?

A) orientation (angle) of a line that they respond to

B) shape

C) whether they respond to colored light as well as white light

D) the size of their receptive field

Q5) Describe the work of Hubel & Wiesel as it relates to simple and complex cells.

Q6) Briefly describe the columnar organization of the Visual Cortex.

Page 8

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Chapter 7: The Other Sensory Systems

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Sample Questions

Q1) Ruffini's endings are:

A) elaborate neuron endings for touch.

B) simple, bare neuron endings.

C) bare endings surrounded by non-neural cells.

D) important components of the blood.

Q2) Auditory receptors are called hair cells.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Analogous to lateral inhibition, when olfactory receptors are stimulated, they:

A) inhibit the activity of other receptors.

B) quickly die.

C) inhibit cell reproduction.

D) inhibit nausea.

Q4) Reduced response to one taste after exposure to another is referred to as:

A) adaptation.

B) cross-adaptation.

C) umami.

D) PTC.

Q5) Pain axons release what two neurotransmitters in the spinal cord?

Q6) Define synesthesia.

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Chapter 8: Movement

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Sample Questions

Q1) People with posterior parietal damage:

A) cannot walk toward something they hear.

B) have trouble converting vision into action.

C) can walk toward something they see but cannot reach out to grasp it.

D) cannot accurately describe what they see.

Q2) The motor cortex produces a kind of activity called a(n) ____ before any voluntary movement.

A) readiness potential

B) action potential

C) evoked potential

D) motor potential

Q3) What experience is similar to losing proprioception?

A) Losing your sense of equilibrium

B) Walking on a leg that has "fallen asleep"

C) Having a phantom limb

D) Teeth chattering in the cold

Q4) In skeletal muscles, every axon releases dopamine.

A)True

B)False

Q5) What is the main function of the posterior parietal cortex?

Page 10

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Chapter 9: Wakefulness and Sleep

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Sample Questions

Q1) Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.

Q2) With regard to sleep and arousal, the locus coeruleus is:

A) very active during sleep.

B) active when the pontomesencephalon is not.

C) almost completely inactive during sleep.

D) instrumental in waking us up.

Q3) Describe brain function during REM sleep.

Q4) When do the secretions of melatonin begin?

A) just before a person awakens

B) when body temperature is at its lowest

C) when body temperature is at its highest

D) a couple of hours before a person naturally falls asleep

Q5) European swifts sleep:

A) after a meal.

B) only in their nest.

C) during flight.

D) only at night.

Q6) Dreams only occur during REM sleep.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 10: Internal Regulation

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Sample Questions

Q1) Processes that reduce any discrepancies from the set point are known as:

A) negative feedback.

B) positive feedback.

C) homeothermic.

D) thermostasis.

Q2) The vagus and splanchnic nerves help to control feeding by relaying information to the brain from the:

A) taste buds.

B) muscles.

C) stomach.

D) liver.

Q3) A fever:

A) develops independently of the preoptic area.

B) is part of the body's defense against an illness.

C) is an indication that the body is not yet fighting the infection.

D) serves to keep an animal warm during periods of reduced activity.

Q4) Humans spend about one-third of their total energy maintaining body temperature.

A)True

B)False

Q5) How does cholecystokinin limit meal size?

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Chapter 11: Reproductive Behaviors

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Sample Questions

Q1) The difference in the size of the INAH3 in homosexual and heterosexual men is mainly because of a difference in the number of neurons.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The sensitive period for human genital formation is approximately:

A) the first three weeks of gestation.

B) the third and fourth months of gestation.

C) the last trimester of gestation.

D) shortly after birth.

Q3) In the middle of the menstrual cycle, an increased release of estradiol causes a(n):

A) decrease in the release of FSH.

B) decrease in the release of LH.

C) sudden surge in the release of luteinizing hormone.

D) increase in the release of testosterone.

Q4) Describe some of the evidence that genetic factors may influence sexual orientation.

Q5) In general, men are more jealous of sexual infidelity than women.

A)True B)False

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Chapter 12: Emotional Behaviors

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Sample Questions

Q1) The pattern of physiological reactions for each emotion is easily distinguishable by the person who is experiencing them.

A)True

B)False

Q2) If a monkey with low serotonin turnover survives, they are more likely to:

A) be extremely fearful.

B) be submissive.

C) have fewer offspring.

D) have dominant status.

Q3) The amygdala send axons to the ____, which in turn sends axons to the pons to control the startle reflex.

A) midbrain

B) caudate nucleus

C) cingulate gyrus

D) pineal gland

Q4) The parasite Toxoplasma gondii is able to reinfect cats when the cats:

A) come into close contact with other infected cats.

B) are bitten by scared rats.

C) eat fearless infected rats.

D) are bitten by mosquitos carrying the parasite.

Page 14

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Chapter 13: The Biology of Learning and Memory

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is one of the reasons that Lashley failed at finding the engram?

A) He used poor surgical methods.

B) Some memories do not depend on the cortex.

C) The engram is continually changing location in the cortex.

D) Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.

Q2) Hippocampal damage has the greatest effect on:

A) the delayed match-to-sample task when the same two objects are used over and over again.

B) the delayed match-to-sample task when the two objects are continuously changed.

C) the delayed nonmatch-to-sample task when the same two objects are used over and over again.

D) procedural memory.

Q3) Describe the delayed matching-to-sample task.

Q4) Structures formed from degenerating neuronal cell bodies are called:

A) tau proteins.

B) amyloid beta proteins.

C) tangles.

D) confabulations.

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Chapter 14: Cognitive Functions

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Sample Questions

Q1) The famous parrot Alex was a?

A) Scarlet Macaw.

B) African Gray parrot.

C) Yellow-headed parrot.

D) Sun Conure parrot.

Q2) Some of the axons from the two eyes:

A) cross at the corpus callosum.

B) cross at the optic chiasm.

C) cross at the anterior commissure.

D) do not cross in humans.

Q3) A split-brain patient is someone who has had their:

A) corpus callosum severed.

B) cerebellum severed.

C) frontal lobe separated from the rest of the cortex.

D) cerebral cortex separated from the rest of the brain.

Q4) Split-brain patients suffer:

A) little or no impairment of overall intellectual performance.

B) a lack of motor control.

C) sensation deficits.

D) memory deficits.

Page 16

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Chapter 15: Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is one of the best treatments for seasonal affective disorder?

A) bright light

B) electroconvulsive shock therapy

C) adrenal hormones

D) dietary changes

Q2) The belief that outer space aliens are trying to control one's behavior is classified as a:

A) delusion.

B) hallucination.

C) negative symptom.

D) disorganized positive symptom.

Q3) The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia are:

A) anterograde and retrograde amnesia.

B) tremors and other involuntary movements.

C) outbursts of unprovoked violent behavior.

D) attacks of anxiety that prevent active behavior.

Q4) St. John's wort acts by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Briefly describe how MAOIs function.

Page 17

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