Introduction to Biology Final
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Course Introduction
Introduction to Biology offers a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental principles of life and living organisms. This course introduces students to the structure and function of cells, genetics, evolution, ecology, and the diversity of life forms. Emphasizing scientific inquiry and the scientific method, students will gain an understanding of how organisms interact with their environment, the flow of energy through biological systems, and the mechanisms driving biological diversity. Through lectures, laboratory exercises, and discussions, students will develop a foundational knowledge of biology that prepares them for more advanced study in the life sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Concepts of Biology 3rd Edition by Sylvia S. Mader Dr
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Biology, the Study of Life
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Q1) The molecule in which hereditary information is encoded is protein.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) A cell biologist looks through a microscope at a cell which contains no nucleus.Based solely on this information,to which domain(s)might this organism belong?
A)Bacteria only
B)Archaea only
C)Eukarya only
D)Bacteria or Archaea but not Eukarya
E)Bacteria,Archaea,or Eukarya
Answer: D
Q3) The regulation of an organism's internal environment is known as homeostasis.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Runoff of soil particles and excess nutrients can damage ecosystems.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry of Cells
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Q1) Which chemical bond results from the equal sharing of electrons between two atoms?
A)polar
B)hydrogen
C)ionic
D)nonpolar
E)adhesive
Answer: D
Q2) When the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions the solution is considered an acid.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which interaction bonds water molecules to other water molecules?
A)hydrophobic interaction
B)hydrogen bond
C)ionic bond
D)covalent bond
E)adhesive interaction
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Organic Molecules of Cells
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Q1) The sugar which is transported in plants and is also used as table sugar is
A)sucrose
B)glucose
C)lactose
D)galactose
E)fructose
Answer: A
Q2) For a hydrolysis reaction to occur there must be water and many monomers.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The molecule which is responsible for the generally greater muscle development in males is called estrogen.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Deoxyribose is the sugar in DNA and ribose is the sugar in RNA.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Structure and Function of Cells
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Q1) What is the cell structure marked "c." on the animal cell diagram?
A)smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B)rough endoplasmic reticulum
C)Golgi apparatus
D)nucleus
E)mitochondria
Q2) Since cyanide directly poisons mitochondria,what cell process does cyanide specifically harm?
A)production of ATP molecules
B)secretion of proteins to outside
C)creation of new cells
D)production of new cell proteins
E)transport of carbohydrates
Q3) Which of the following can be used to contrast chloroplasts and mitochondria?
A)whether the organelle contains its own DNA
B)whether the organelle converts solar energy into cellular energy
C)whether the organelle is found in plant cells
D)whether the organelle has multiple membranes
E)whether the organelle has a large internal surface area
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Dynamic Activities of Cells
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Q1) How can enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
A)They lower the activation energy needed for the reaction.
B)They increase the pH of the reaction.
C)They lower the temperature of the reaction.
D)They lower the rate of ATP breakdown in the reaction.
E)They increase the amount of substrate in the reaction.
Q2) Which part of an enzyme binds to its substrate?
A)substrate site
B)active site
C)enzyme site
D)activation site
E)reaction site
Q3) According to the fluid-mosaic model,a cell membrane is assembled from
A)a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
B)charged and uncharged fatty acids
C)a bilayer of glycolipids on top of cholesterol
D)microtubules that keep it intact
E)only proteins functioning as enzymes
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Chapter 6: Pathways of Photosynthesis
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Q1) Electrons move from photosystem II to photosystem I via what part of photosynthesis
A)Electron Transport Chain
B)Reaction Center
C)Electron Acceptors
D)Pigment cComplexes
E)Calvin Cycle
Q2) In a study of the raw materials used for photosynthesis,what two kinds of molecules would be studied?
A)glucose and oxygen
B)carbon dioxide and glucose
C)carbon dioxide and water
D)carbon dioxide and oxygen
E)glucose and water
Q3) Which of the following have the shortest wavelength?
A)radio waves
B)X rays
C)microwaves
D)gamma rays
E)ultraviolet rays
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Pathways of Cellular Respiration
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Q1) What would be the result if oxygen became unavailable to the cell?
A)Glycolysis would stop.
B)The Krebs cycle would stop.
C)The electron transport chain would stop.
D)The preparatory reaction would stop.
E)Substrate-level ATP synthesis would stop.
Q2) What is the significance of the cristae in the mitochondria?
A)increase surface area,therefore increasing glycolysis
B)increase surface area,therefore increasing the Krebs cycle
C)increase surface area,therefore increasing the preparatory reaction
D)increase surface area,therefore increasing fermentation
E)increase surface area,therefore increasing the electron transport chain
Q3) What are the reactants involved in cellular respiration?
A)glucose and water
B)carbon dioxide and water
C)oxygen and glucose
D)carbon dioxide and glucose
E)water and oxygen
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Chapter 8: Cellular Reproduction
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Q1) Animal cells and plant cells use different mechanisms of cytokinesis.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In mitosis,the chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell during A)prophase
B)telophase
C)anaphase
D)interphase
E)metaphase
Q3) What is the value of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?
A)They prevent cells from advancing in the cell cycle until ready to complete the next stage.
B)They ensure a balanced number of cells throughout the body.
C)They aid in cell-cell communication.
D)They allow cells to be pigmenteD.
E)They allow the nuclear envelope to be a double membranE.
Q4) A cell which has passed the G<sub>1</sub> checkpoint is committed to synthesizing DNA.
A)True
B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Sexual Reproduction
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Q1) Which of these events happens during anaphase I?
A)Sister chromatids separate.
B)Chromosomes condense.
C)Homologous chromosomes separate.
D)The nuclear membrane disappears.
E)Recombination occurs.
Q2) When a scientist observes a cell undergoing meiosis,microscopic examination shows too much DNA in one gamete and too little in another.The most likely explanation is that there was an occurrence of A)nondisjunction.
B)misinheritance.
C)synapsis.
D)telophase I.
E)mitosis.
Q3) During which stage do homologous chromosomes move away from each other?
A)anaphase I
B)prophase
C)anaphase II
D)metaphase I
E)metaphase II
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Chapter 10: Patterns of Genetic Inheritance
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Q1) When an organism has two different alleles for a particular trait,which term best describes this condition?
A)gene locus
B)genotype
C)heterozygous
D)homozygous
E)phenotype
Q2) If a woman is a carrier for the X-linked recessive colorblindness and her husband is normal,what are their chances that a son will be colorblind?
A)25%,since the mother is a carrier
B)100% because the mother has the gene
C)50%,since the mother is a carrier
D)None,since the father is normal
E)None,since he will be also a carrier
Q3) Human colorblindness is sex-linked.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Molecular Biology of Inheritance
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Q1) Initiation,elongation,and termination are three stages in A)DNA replication.
B)codon-anticodon formation.
C)mRNA transcription.
D)error correction by proofreading enzymes.
E)polypeptide synthesis.
Q2) Movable genetic elements are referred to as A)frameshift mutations
B)point mutations
C)transcription elements
D)translocation elements
E)transposons
Q3) The function of transfer RNA is to A)deaminate amino acids.
B)carry amino acids to ribosomes.
C)transfer nucleotides to the nucleus.
D)act as the site for protein synthesis.
E)turn DNA on and off.
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13
Chapter 12: Regulation of Gene Activity
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Q1) Which of the following would,if found,be a new discovery about stimulatory signal transduction pathways for the development of cancer?
A)activating factor
B)transcription factor
C)growth factor
D)oncogene
E)receptor
Q2) Where in the cell do the translation repressor protein and the proteasome work?
A)on the nuclear membrane
B)within the ribosome
C)in the cytoplasm
D)on the plasma membrane
E)inside the nucleus
Q3) An inactive X chromosome which is found in females is referred to as
A)a Barr body
B)a histone.
C)a nucleosome.
D)a repressible chromosome
E)an inducible chromosome
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Chapter 13: Biotechnology and Genomics
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Q1) A doctor studying in the field of gene therapy has removed tissue from the patient,inserted normal genes into the tissue and then reinserted the tissue back into the patient's body,in an example of
A)xenotransplantation gene therapy.
B)ex vivo gene therapy.
C)vectored gene therapy.
D)translational gene therapy.
E)transcriptional gene therapy.
Q2) For treating children with familial hypercholesterolemia,a piece of the liver is surgically removed from the patient.A virus with the normal needed gene is used to infect the liver.Then the liver is replaced back into the patient.What type of treatment is this called?
A)germline gene therapy.
B)functional gene therapy.
C)subdermal gene therapy
D)ex vivo gene therapy.
E)xenotransplantation gene therapy.
Q3) The human proteome is the complete collection of proteins that humans produce.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Evidence of Evolution
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Q1) Which population of butterflies is more likely to show the effects of genetic drift if half of its members are killed by a severe drought?
A)4 butterflies
B)40 butterflies
C)160 butterflies
D)4,000 butterflies
E)16,000 butterflies
Q2) Natural selection was independently proposed as a means of evolution by which of the following individuals?
A)Lyell
B)Wallace
C)Cuvier
D)Lamarck
E)Malthus
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Speciation and Evolution
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Q1) When two closely related but separate species are crossed,their offspring are usually
A)more fit than the two parent species.
B)haploid.
C)prezygotiC.
D)sterile.
E)postzygotic.
Q2) Which of the following types of organisms would be found in unusually great numbers in the Burgess Shale?
A)fish
B)soft-bodied invertebrates
C)dinosaurs
D)amphibians
E)mammals
Q3) During the later stages of allopatric speciation
A)evolution ceases for a time.
B)reproductive isolation between the subpopulations occurs.
C)wide phenotypic differences disappear between subpopulations.
D)gene flow continues between the two populations.
E)reproduction continues between the two populations.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: The Evolutionary History of Life on Earth
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Q1) If you were making a diagram which indicates common ancestors and lines of decent or lineages,you would be making
A)a phylogenetic tree.
B)a homology tree.
C)a convergent tree.
D)an analogy tree.
E)a parallel treE.
Q2) A biologist is studying species which gave rise to two groups of new species,which would best be called
A)a convergent ancestor.
B)an analogous ancestor.
C)a common ancestor.
D)a homologous ancestor.
E)a parallel ancestor.
Q3) The broadest divisions on the geologic timescale are
A)centuries.
B)epochs.
C)millennia.
D)eras.
E)periods.
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Chapter 17: Evolution of Microbial Life
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Q1) If you are a biologist studying the chemical composition of the bacterial cell wall,which of the following organic molecules would you find in high concentration?
A)cellulose
B)peptidoglycan
C)chitin
D)proteins
E)ribosomes
Q2) Which of these is an infectious protein?
A)virus
B)protobiont
C)viroid
D)prokaryote
E)prion
Q3) How did the atmosphere of the early Earth differ from that of the Earth today?
A)There was water vapor.
B)There was nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>).
C)There was no oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>).
D)There was no carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>).
E)There was no lightning.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Evolution of Protists
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Q1) Among protists,haploid reproductive cells that are often resistant to adverse conditions are termed
A)spores
B)apicomplexes
C)pyrenoids
D)flagella
E)trichocysts
Q2) A biologist is studying protists that have a calcium carbonate shell with holes so pseudopods can extend outward.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?
A)Foraminiferans
B)Radiolarians
C)Amoeboids
D)Apicomplexans
E)Diatoms
Q3) The valves of a diatom are made of silica.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Evolution of Plants and Fungi
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Q1) If you were studying the portion of the gymnosperm which will give rise to the egg-producing gametophyte,you would be studying the A)megaspore. B)stigma.
C)microspore.
D)carpel.
E)receptaclE.
Q2) This figure shows the alternation of generations.What does "c" represent?
A)meiosis
B)mitosis
C)haploid
D)sporophyte
E)fertilization
Q3) Which of the following is a service provided by fungi,rather than plants,for human benefit?
A)food and drinks
B)antibiotics
C)rubber
D)clothes
E)shelter
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Chapter 20: Evolution of Animals
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Q1) Tetrapods evolved from which of the following groups?
A)ray-finned fishes
B)cartilaginous fishes
C)jawless fishes
D)amphibians
E)lobe-finned fishes
Q2) This figure shows the four chordate characteristics.What does "d" represent?
A)pharyngeal pouches
B)vertebral column
C)notochord
D)postanal tail
E)dorsal tubular nerve cord
Q3) Which animal would be excluded from a study of reptiles?
A)turtles
B)snakes
C)frogs
D)lizards
E)crocodiles
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22
Chapter 21: Evolution of Humans
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Q1) Neandertals lived mainly in Africa.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Lighter skin in some ethnic groups probably is an adaptation for the production of more vitamin A where UV is less intense.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following early <i>Homo </i>species first evolved in Africa and then migrated into Europe and Asia?
A)<i>Homo ergaster</i>
B)<i>Homo anamensis</i>
C)<i>Homo sapien</i>
D)<i>Homo habilis</i>
E)<i>Homo neandertalensis</i>
Q4) Lemurs are prosimian primates.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Modern humans are hybrids of Cro-Magnons and Neandertals.
A)True
B)False
23
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Chapter 22: Plant Organization and Homeostasis
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Q1) If you were a plant physiologist studying the components of xylem,you would be studying which of the following?
A)vessel elements and tracheids
B)sieve tube elements
C)meristematic cells
D)epidermal cells
E)parenchyma cells
Q2) This figure shows the cross sectional anatomy of a leaf.What does "e" represent?
A)upper epidermis
B)leaf vein
C)spongy mesophyll
D)palisade mesophyll
E)cuticle
Q3) The tissue which regulates the entrance of water and minerals into the vascular cylinder of a root is the A)cortex.
B)epidermis.
C)endodermis.
D)pith.
E)cuticlE.
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Chapter 23: Transport and Nutrition in Plants
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Q1) Which statement would be true for transport in the blood of a mammal but not about the cohesion-tension model?
A)It is carried out in the xylem.
B)It moves water upward.
C)It depends on cohesion.
D)It uses lots of energy.
E)It relies on a water column.
Q2) Which of the following is a macronutrient rather than a micronutrient?
A)Molybdenum (Mo)
B)Boron (B)
C)Manganese (Mn)
D)Chlorine (Cl)
E)Calcium (Ca)
Q3) The removal of a strip of bark from around a tree is known as:
A)hydroponics
B)phytoremediation
C)girdling
D)Casparian stripping
E)guttation
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Chapter 24: Control of Growth Responses in Plants
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Q1) Which example illustrates that plants have a signal transduction pathway that leads to the activation of genes for proteinase inhibitors?
A)the production of primary metabolites
B)a plant's response to light
C)a plant's response to gravity
D)the production of secondary metabolites
E)the plant's response to wounds
Q2) Which of the following is chiefly responsible for the abscission of leaves,flowers,and fruit?
A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene
Q3) A plant physiologist is studying a plant's response to gravity,a study of what?
A)cytotropism
B)phototropism
C)hydrotropism
D)gravitropism
E)thigmotropism
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Chapter 25: Reproduction in Plants
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Q1) Alternation of generations in flowering plants includes the formation of a
A)triploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte.
B)haploid sporophyte and diploid gametophyte.
C)triploid sporophyte and diploid gametophyte.
D)diploid sporophyte and diploid gametophyte.
E)diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophytE.
Q2) Which is the most complex kind of fruit?
A)multiple
B)fleshy
C)dry
D)simple
E)aggregate
Q3) A plant physiologist is studying a flower which has both a stamen and carpel on the same plant,implying study of what kind of plant?
A)incomplete
B)dioecious
C)staminate
D)monoecious
E)carpellate
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Chapter 26: Animal Organization and Homeostasis
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Q1) If you were studying the part of the brain which controls the temperature in the body you would be studying the:
A)Pituitary gland
B)Frontal lobe
C)Temporal lobe
D)Cerebellum
E)Hypothalamus
Q2) Ruth's daughter became very ill while visiting family over Christmas break.She rushed her daughter to the emergency room where the doctor performed a spinal tab.He withdrew 100cc of cerebrospinal fluid in order to determine if Ruth's daughter had Meningitis,a bacterial infection of the cerebrospinal fluid.Which neuroglial cells would be elevated if there was a bacterial infection?
A)Microglia
B)Astrocytes
C)Oligodendrocytes
D)Neurons
E)Platelets
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Chapter 27: Coordination by Neural Signaling
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Q1) Which lobe is responsible for vision?
A)The frontal
B)The parietal
C)The temporal
D)The occipital
E)The medulla
Q2) Which statement is not true about the development of an action potential?
A)There is a rapid change in polarity from about -70mV to about +40mV
B)It can be produced by an electric shock or sudden pH change
C)The action potential ends when the polarity across the membrane reaches +40 mV
D)Depolarization occurs when sodium gates open and allow sodium ions to enter the cell
E)Potassium gates open after the sodium gates and allow potassium ions to leave the cell
Q3) Which of the following drug does not function similar to the endorphins?
A)Heroin
B)Codeine
C)Morphine
D)Methamphetamine
E)None of these function similar to the endorphins
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Chapter 28: Sense Organs
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Q1) If you were studying the sense of balance in humans you would be studying which of the following?
A)The cochlea
B)The middle ear
C)The ossicles
D)The vestibule
E)The tympanic membrane
Q2) Which of the following is not true about cones?
A)They detect the color of an object.
B)They detect the detail of an object.
C)They require high intensity light.
D)They are found in the retina.
E)They are absent from the fovea centralis.
Q3) This figure shows the anatomy of the human ear.What does "e" represent?
A)The auditory canal
B)The semicircular canals
C)The cochlea
D)The tympanic membrane
E)The malleus
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Page 30
Chapter 29: Locomotion and Support Systems
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Q1) If the muscular system in your body was unable to function,which function of the skeletal system would not be compromised?
A)Locomotion of the body
B)Respiration
C)Digestion
D)Providing a framework for the body
E)Immunity
Q2) This figure shows the anatomy of a long bone.What does "e" represent?
A)The medullary cavity
B)The growth plate
C)The periosteum
D)Spongy bone
E)Compact bone
Q3) If you were studying the neuromuscular transmitter that is released from the axon terminals you would be studying:
A)Lactic acid
B)Acetylcholine
C)Creatine phosphate
D)Calcium ions
E)ATP
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Chapter 30: Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems
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Q1) This figure shows the anatomy of the mammalian heart.What does "d" represent?
A)The aorta
B)The superior vena cava
C)The right atrium
D)The left ventricle
E)The pulmonary trunk
Q2) If you were studying the type of circulatory system which has blood that always flows within vessels,and one or more hearts,you would be studying:
A)An open circulatory system
B)A cardiac circulatory system
C)A hemolymph circulatory system
D)A systemic circulatory system
E)A closed circulatory system
Q3) The pacemaker of the heart is termed the:
A)AV node
B)Cardiac center in the medulla
C)SA node
D)Vagus nerve
E)Purkinje fibers
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Page 32
Chapter 31: Lymph Transport and Immunity
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Q1) Which type of lymphocyte is sometimes called a "killer cell" that brings about the destruction of antigen-bearing cells?
A)Helper T cells
B)Suppressor T cells
C)Cytotoxic T cells
D)Memory T cells
E)Macrophage T cells
Q2) Which of the following lymphatic tissues is located in the intestinal walls?
A)The spleen
B)The Peyer patches
C)The thymus glands
D)The lymph nodes
E)The tonsils
Q3) The presence of antibodies in a newborn baby is most often due to:
A)Active immunity from the mother
B)Passive immunity from the mother
C)Immunity rapidly developed after birth
D)Natural immunity developed by the baby before birth
E)Exposure of the baby to antigens after birth
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Page 33
Chapter 32: Digestive Systems and Nutrition
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Q1) Bile is produced in the ___________ and stored in the ___________.
A)Pancreas;gall bladder
B)Gall bladder;liver
C)Liver;pancreas
D)Pancreas;liver
E)Liver;gall bladder
Q2) This figure shows the phases of digestion.What does "A" represent?
A)Digestion
B)Defecation
C)Ingestion
D)Absorption
E)Elimination
Q3) In women,a lack of __________ can cause anemia and a lack of __________ can cause osteoporosis.
A)Iron;phosphorus
B)Calcium;iron
C)Phosphorus;calcium
D)Iron;calcium
E)Phosphorus;magnesium
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Page 34
Chapter 33: Gas Exchange and Transport in Animals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the correct equation showing what happens when blood enters the lungs under normal circumstances?
A)Hydrogen ions + bicarbonate ion \(\rarr\) water + carbon dioxide \(\rarr\) carbonic acid
B)Hydrogen ions + bicarbonate ion \(\rarr\) carbonic acid \(\rarr\) water + carbon dioxide
C)Water + carbon dioxide \(\rarr\) hydrogen ions + bicarbonate ion \(\rarr\) carbonic acid
D)Water + carbon dioxide \(\rarr\) carbonic acid \(\rarr\) hydrogen ions + bicarbonate ion
E)Hydrogen ions + carbon dioxide \(\rarr\) carbonic acid \(\rarr\) water + bicarbonate ion
Q2) If a person has a low red blood cell count,which stage of respiration would not be able to function efficiently?
A)Ventilation
B)External respiration
C)Internal respiration
D)Ventilation and external respiration
E)External and internal respiration
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Page 35
Chapter 34: Osmoregulation and Excretion
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Q1) Which metabolic waste requires the greatest amount of water to excrete?
A)Uric acid
B)Urea
C)Ammonia
D)Uric acid,urea,and ammonia all require the same amount of water to excrete.
E)Uric acid,urea,and ammonia do not require any water to excretE.
Q2) The outer portion of the kidney is referred to as:
A)The renal medulla
B)The renal nephron
C)The renal pelvis
D)The renal cortex
E)The renal collecting duct
Q3) Which of the following organisms excretes urea?
A)Bony fish
B)Mammals
C)Insects
D)Reptiles
E)Birds
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Chapter 35: Coordination by Hormone Signaling
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Q1) This figure shows the organs and glands of the endocrine system.What does "E" represent?
A)The adrenal glands
B)The hypothalamus
C)The thyroid gland
D)The thymus gland
E)The pituitary gland
Q2) A biologist is studying an endocrine gland that has a posterior and anterior portion and is responsible for producing prolactin and oxytocin.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying:
A)The thyroid gland
B)The thymus gland
C)The pituitary gland
D)The pineal gland
E)The adrenal gland
Q3) When combining with the target organ,the nervous system acts faster than the endocrine system.
A)True
B)False
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Page 37
Chapter 36: Reproduction and Development
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Q1) Which of the following methods of birth control is 100% effective all of the time?
A)Tubal ligation
B)Vasectomy
C)Abstinence
D)Diaphragm
E)Condom
Q2) The _____________ develops into the fetal portion of the placenta.
A)Amnion
B)Archenteron
C)Chorion
D)Yolk sac
E)Allantois
Q3) During embryo formation,a ball of cells with a hollow cavity inside is termed a:
A)Morula
B)Blastula
C)Blastocoel
D)Gastrula
E)Neurula
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Chapter 37: Population Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nonliving resources in the environment are referred to as abiotic.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not a factor which affects biotic potential?
A)Age at which reproduction begins
B)How many different mates each individual has
C)Changes of survival until age of reproduction
D)Usual number of offspring per reproduction
E)How often each individual reproduces
Q3) The invention of modern medicine has enabled the human population to grow exponentially.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The pattern of dispersal of individuals across an area is referred to as:
A)Population capacity
B)Population distribution
C)Population frequency
D)Population density
E)Population potential
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Chapter 38: Behavioral Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A digger wasp continues to close its nest even though a researcher has removed the nest's contents.This shows that nest-closing behavior in the digger wasp is:
A)A learned behavior
B)An imprint behavior
C)A fixed action pattern
D)An insight learning behavior
E)A classical conditioned behavior
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a benefit to living in a group?
A)Protection against predators
B)Easier to find food
C)Increased change of contracting a disease
D)Easier to find a mate
E)Division of labor among the group
Q3) Which of the following statements is NOT true for inherited behavior?
A)Once the fixed action pattern starts,it can be modified by behavior
B)The behavior pattern is stereotyped
C)It is a fixed action pattern
D)All members of a species perform the exact same sequence
E)The fixed action pattern is initiated by a sign stimulus
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Page 40
Chapter 39: Community and Ecosystem Ecology
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Q1) This figure shows energy flow and chemical cycling in an ecosystem.What does "a" represent?
A)Inorganic nutrients
B)Solar energy
C)Producers
D)Consumers
E)Decomposers
Q2) The greenhouse effect is:
A)caused by increased plant life and photosynthesis
B)caused by an increase in biodiversity in recent years
C)due to carbon dioxide and methane gases preventing heat from escaping back into space
D)due to decreased levels of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere
E)due to increased sunlight in recent years
Q3) Which is not true about a complex food web?
A)It generally remains stable
B)Inputs are relatively constant and outputs are minimal except for heat
C)Populations tend to remain about the same size
D)Most of the energy entering the system maintains the whole community
E)Energy levels remain about the same for all trophic levels
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Chapter 40: Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere
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Q1) What drives the movement of winds across the face of the earth?
A)The unequal heating of the surface of the earth by the sun
B)The currents of the oceans
C)The distribution of mountains and valleys
D)The rotation of the earth
E)The greenhouse effect
Q2) Which of the following is not true about the taiga?
A)The taiga has a moss-covered forest floor.
B)The typical animals of the taiga include birds,bears,deer,moose,beavers.
C)The taiga contains all the typical deciduous trees.
D)There is a relatively high amount of precipitation (rain and snow).
E)The taiga has cone-bearing trees with needle-like leaves.
Q3) Fill in this sentence to explain how air currents affect rainfall patterns.At the equator,__________;whereas at 30 degrees north and south latitude,____________
A)dry air rises away from Earth's surface;warm moist air sinks
B)warm moist air sinks to Earth's surface;dry air rises
C)warm moist air rises,cools and becomes rain;dry air sinks to Earth's surface
D)warm moist air rises;warm moist air turns into rain
E)dry air sinks to Earth's surface;warm moist air rises,cools and becomes rain
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Chapter 41: Conservation Biology
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Q1) A biologist is studying the primary cause of ozone depletion in the atmosphere.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?
A)Carbon dioxide
B)Sulfur dioxide
C)Chlorofluorocarbons
D)Organic chemicals
E)Nitrogen oxides
Q2) The discipline that focuses on saving natural resources for this generation and all future generations is called:
A)Basic biology
B)Wildlife management
C)Evolutionary biology
D)Range management
E)Conservation biology
Q3) So far,habitat loss has only occurred in the tropical regions.
A)True
B)False
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Page 43