Introduction to Biology Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Introduction to Biology offers students a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts of the biological sciences. This course covers the structure and function of cells, genetics and heredity, evolution, ecology, and the diversity of life. Students explore key biological processes such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and homeostasis, while gaining an understanding of how living organisms interact with their environment. Through lectures, laboratory exercises, and interactive discussions, students develop critical thinking skills and a scientific approach to the study of life, laying a solid foundation for more advanced studies in biology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
Biology The Core 1st Edition by Eric J. Simon
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12 Chapters
699 Verified Questions
699 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Science of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is not a requirement for natural selection to occur?
A)Unequal reproductive success
B)Competition for limited resources
C)Variation in the offspring
D)Random mating
Answer: D
Q2) What happens to populations that are unable to adapt to changing environmental conditions?
A)They go extinct.
B)They get smaller.
C)They get larger.
D)Their birth rate increases.
Answer: A
Q3) What evolves?
A)The individual
B)The population
C)Both of these
D)Evolution occurs at a level beyond the individual or the population.
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Something with a pH of 5 would be ________.
A)acidic
B)basic
C)neutral
D)alkaline
Answer: A
Q2) Identify the reactants in the following chemical reaction: C
A)C H and 10 CO
B)12 O and 4 H O
C)C H and 12 O
D)10 CO and 4 H O
Answer: C
Q3) What is another name for the polymers of carbohydrates?
A)Triglycerides
B)Polysaccharides
C)Polypeptides
D)Nucleotides
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) When would the chromatin be the most tightly coiled?
A)During protein synthesis
B)During cellular respiration
C)During photosynthesis
D)During cellular division
Answer: D
Q2) Your red blood cells behave in a similar manner as the bags in this experiment.What might happen to your red blood cells if you were suddenly unable to regulate the solute concentration of your blood and it began to rise?
A)Your blood cells would stay the same size but could no longer carry oxygen.
B)Your blood cells would stay the same size but could no longer release the oxygen they carry.
C)Your blood cells would enlarge and may rupture.
D)Your blood cells would shrivel.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Energy and Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the chemical equation for glucose?
A)C H O
B)C H O
C)C H O
D)C H O
Q2) Organize the following steps of the light reaction in order.
A)Absorb sunlight,produce high-energy electron carriers,produce oxygen,split water
B)Absorb sunlight,produce high-energy electron carriers,split water,produce oxygen
C)Absorb sunlight,split water,produce oxygen,produce high-energy electron carriers
D)Absorb sunlight,produce oxygen,split water,produce high-energy electron carriers
Q3) What is the definition of energy?
A)The capacity to do work
B)The movement of an object
C)Particles moving in waves through a system
D)The amount of order in a system
Q4) Explain why mitochondria are often called "the powerhouse of the cell."
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Chapter 5: Chromosomes and Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) When does crossing over occur?
A)Cytokinesis I
B)Cytokinesis II
C)Meiosis I
D)Meiosis II
Q2) What involves a single duplication phase of its chromosomes?
A)Meiosis
B)Mitosis
C)Both of these
D)Neither of these
Q3) If a cell had 12 chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis II,how many would each daughter cell have after the completion of meiosis II?
A)6
B)12
C)18
D)24
Q4) Is an individual with the XXY combination of chromosomes anatomically male or female?
A)Male
B)Female
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Chapter 6: DNA: The Molecule of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the base sequence of template strand reads GCCATTAC,what is the base sequence of the mRNA?
A)CGGUAAUG
B)CGGTAATG
C)CGGTUUTG
D)GCCAUUAC
Q2) Most genes are in the "off" state and are not expressed.How then are genes turned on?
A)DNA helicase must first bind to the promoter site of the DNA.
B)RNA polymerase must first bind to the exons.
C)MicroRNA binds to the DNA to initiate transcription.
D)Transcription factors must first bind to the DNA.
Q3) When might a frameshift or nonsense mutation not result in a completely defective protein?
A)When the mutation occurs in one of the very last codons
B)When the mutation occurs in one of the first codons
C)When a frameshift is balanced out by a nonsense mutation
D)When the mutation occurs in an exon region
Q4) How does chemotherapy kill cancer cells and why might it also result in hair loss and nausea?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Darwinian Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Comparing the body structures of organisms to find evidence of a shared evolutionary history is called ________.
A)outgrouping
B)relativistic physiology
C)comparative anatomy
D)analogous reconstruction
Q2) What events can lead to offspring having a unique arrangement of their parents' genes?
A)Crossing over
B)Independent assortment
C)Both of these
D)Neither of these
Q3) A requirement of cladistics is that a grouping must include ________.
A)species that can interbreed
B)only living species
C)species with shared traits
D)a common ancestor and all its descendants
Q4) If a changing environment increases rates of evolution,why do we see an increase in extinction rates following rapid global catastrophes?
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Chapter 8: Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a plant cell divides,how would you expect its chloroplasts to divide?
A)Mitosis
B)Meiosis
C)Binary fission
D)Endosymbiosis
Q2) Which was first on the planet,prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
A)Eukaryotes
B)Prokaryotes
C)They both appear in the fossil record at about the same time.
D)It is unknown.
Q3) Some bacteria have a spherical shape,called ________.
A)coccus
B)bacillus
C)spirillum
D)spheroid
Q4) Medicine that prevents viral infections is a(n)________.
A)antibody
B)antibiotic
C)vaccine
D)prion
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a tuber?
A)A reproductive structure on a plant
B)A drought-resistant life stage of a plant
C)A sugar storage structure of a plant
D)A water storage structure of a plant
Q2) If you were to observe a flower that only bloomed at night with large white petals,what might you conclude is the pollinator?
A)Ants
B)Wind
C)Bees
D)Moths
Q3) Which is not a characteristic of the gymnosperms?
A)Cones
B)Seeds
C)Pollen
D)Flowers
Q4) Name four ways roots benefit a plant.
Q5) The book mentions that maple syrup comes from the xylem sap of a tree.While this is true,why do you think most people assume it comes from the phloem sap?
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Chapter 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although exceptions do exist,which is a distinctively amphibian trait?
A)Juveniles have gills,adults have lungs.
B)Respiration occurs through the skin.
C)Skin is smooth with no scales,feathers,or hair.
D)All of these are distinctive amphibian traits.
Q2) Which group of fishes evolved first?
A)Ray-finned fishes
B)Lobe-finned fishes
C)Cartilaginous fishes
D)Jawless fishes
Q3) Which chordate trait evolved first?
A)Skeleton hardened with calcium
B)Amniotic egg
C)Four limbs
D)Jaw
Q4) Which evolved first,plants or animals? What evidence exists for your answer? Explain your reasoning as to why one would have evolved 100 million years prior to the other.
Q5) How might an early primate's environment lead to the evolution of a large brain in relation to body size?
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Chapter 11: Human Body Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the role of the two antagonistic hormones involved in the feedback loop that maintains the level of glucose in the blood.Which organs are involved and what type of feedback is this?
Q2) What is the role of the epithelium?
A)Covers exposed body surfaces
B)Transmits electrical signals throughout the body
C)Contracts to create body movement
D)Provides the padding between the joints
Q3) What is the name of the tubes that run from the kidneys to the bladder?
A)Fallopian tubes
B)Urethras
C)Nephrons
D)Ureters
Q4) Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a ________.
A)virus
B)bacteria
C)fungus
D)protist
Q5) Describe what would happen if all of your skeletal muscles contracted at the same time.
13
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Chapter 12: Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) How might the removal of a wetland affect a nearby city?
A)Wetlands cause flooding.
B)Wetlands reduce flooding.
C)Wetlands reduce water quality.
D)Wetlands support a rich supply of nutrients.
Q2) A sudden natural catastrophe resulting in massive die-offs would be categorized as a density- ________ limiting factor.
A)independent
B)dependent
C)reliant
D)autonomous
Q3) The use of multiple forms of pest control including biological,chemical,and the planting of pest-resistant crops is a strategy commonly called ________.
A)intermediate species control
B)integrated pest management
C)multilevel systems approach
D)none of these
Q4) Describe two ways (immediate and long term)in which burning a forest leads to an increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases.
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