Introduction to Biological Psychology Test Bank
Course Introduction
Introduction to Biological Psychology explores the relationship between biological processes and behavior, focusing on how the brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence our actions, thoughts, and emotions. The course covers fundamental topics such as neural communication, brain structure and function, sensory systems, and the biological basis of phenomena like learning, memory, motivation, emotion, and mental disorders. Through lectures, readings, and discussions, students gain a foundational understanding of how physiological mechanisms underlie psychological processes, paving the way for more advanced study in psychology and neuroscience.
Recommended Textbook
Discovering Behavioral Neuroscience An Introduction to Biological Psychology 4th Edition by Laura
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16 Chapters
2642 Verified Questions
2642 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Colin's schizophrenia is responding well to his medication, but he continues to be bothered by auditory hallucinations, in which voices continually criticize his actions. Colin's physician might try which of the following experimental treatments in order to provide him with relief from these troubling symptoms?
A) repeated rTMS
B) lesions of the auditory cortex
C) electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex
D) gene therapy
Answer: A
Q2) The Neuron Doctrine was proposed by A) Descartes.
B) Bell and Magendie.
C) Camillo Golgi.
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal.
Answer: D
Q3) (see Figure 1.14)
In this illustration, a lesion is being produced in the rat's ____________________.
Answer: ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System
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202 Verified Questions
202 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The amygdala participates in which of the following behaviors?
A) language
B) motor control
C) fear, rage, and aggression
D) regulation of hunger and thirst
Answer: C
Q2) Your cat always walks up to you and wants you to pet it on its back or ________ surface, but your dog lies on its back and presents its _________ surface for you to scratch.
A) ventral; dorsal
B) dorsal; ventral
C) rostral; caudal
D) caudal; rostral
Answer: B
Q3) The pons and cerebellum make up which of the following divisions?
A) telencephalon
B) diencephalon
C) mesencephalon
D) metencephalon
Answer: D
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The relative refractory period occurs because
A) the cell is hyperpolarized, requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential.
B) it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state.
C) only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon.
D) sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential.
Answer: A
Q2) Dr. Janelle notices that in some (although not all) cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) one of the first symptoms is tingling or pain. Which of the following statements best explains why this might happen?
A) The fibers of the axons are reduced in diameter, so the information can't travel fast enough.
B) Neural signaling may not work properly as a result of nervous system demyelination.
C) The fibers of the axons are enlarged, slowing neural transmission.
D) Potassium is not cleared from the synapse efficiently, leading to fewer action potentials.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tyrosine serves as a substrate or building block for the synthesis of which of the following neurochemicals?
A) ACh
B) indoleamines
C) histamines
D) catecholamines
Q2) With repeated use of a drug, more of the drug is necessary to achieve the same effects. This demonstrates the development of
A) tolerance.
B) withdrawal.
C) sensitization.
D) cross-tolerance.
Q3) Amphetamine and cocaine
A) activate dopamine receptors.
B) inhibit dopamine reuptake.
C) activate serotonin receptors.
D) inhibit serotonin reuptake.
Q4) Alcohol produces its effects by acting on the ______ receptor.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ is programmed cell death.
A) Fasciculation
B) Apoptosis
C) Anterograde degeneration
D) Retrograde degeneration
Q2) Experience strengthens existing synapses when
A) pre- and postsynaptic neurons are simultaneously active.
B) activity of the pre- and postsynaptic neurons are not synchronized.
C) activity in the postsynaptic neuron precedes activity in the presynaptic neuron.
D) the pre- and postsynaptic neurons use the same neurotransmitter substances.
Q3) The human brain is considered mature during which developmental period?
A) early childhood
B) adolescence
C) late childhood
D) early adulthood
Q4) Summarize the major events that occur in synaptogenesis.
Q5) .Describe the development of the neural tube into bulges or vesicles.
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Q6) Neurogenesis is now known to occur throughout life, though at different rates. Describe possible benefits of adult neurogenesis.
Chapter 6: Vision
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171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bipolar cells form connections with horizontal cells and photoreceptors in the _________ layer.
A) inner nuclear
B) outer nuclear
C) inner plexiform
D) outer plexiform
Q2) Blood vessels and axons forming the optic nerve enter and exit the eye at the A) optic disk.
B) macula.
C) fovea.
D) temporal retina.
Q3) In response to light falling on the retina, ganglion cells
A) go from being silent to very active.
B) go from being active to being silent.
C) change their spontaneous rate of firing.
D) release glutamate onto photoreceptors.
Q4) Rods are unable to distinguish color, yet show a peak sensitivity to light in the blue-green range of the visible spectrum.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Nonvisual Sensation and Perception
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hair cells in
A) both the utricle and saccule are arranged horizontally.
B) both the utricle and saccule are arranged vertically.
C) the saccule are arranged vertically, whereas the hair cells in the utricle are arranged horizontally.
D) the saccule are arranged horizontally, whereas the hair cells in the utricle are arranged vertically.
Q2) The difference in arrival times at each ear for sounds coming from a point perpendicular to your head on either side is about _________ msec.
A) 0.0
B) 0.2
C) 0.4
D) 0.6
Q3) Which of the following canals are actually connected to each other?
A) the vestibular and tympanic canals
B) the vestibular canal and the cochlear duct
C) the tympanic canal and the cochlear duct
D) the auditory and vestibular canals
Q4) Describe the types of mechanoreceptors that provide information about touch.
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Chapter 8: Movement
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164 Verified Questions
164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the muscle cannot contract any farther, it has reached a state known as A) tetanus.
B) maximum rate code.
C) maximum recruitment.
D) contraction.
Q2) Slow-twitch muscle fibers are to _______ as fast-twitch muscle fibers are to _______.
A) Ia; Ib
B) IIa; Ia
C) I; IIa and IIb
D) IIb; IIa
Q3) Dr. Paquin tests the Longmore's new baby for the Babinski sign, a type of monosynaptic reflex.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Action potentials in muscle fibers
A) do not occur.
B) spread out in two directions on either side of a receptor site.
C) travel in only one direction, from one end of a muscle fiber to the other.
D) lead to multiple twitches in that fiber.
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Chapter 9: Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Antidepressant medications are
A) not useful in treating either anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.
B) somewhat useful in treating anorexia nervosa but not bulimia nervosa.
C) somewhat useful in treating bulimia nervosa but not anorexia nervosa.
D) useful in treating both bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa.
Q2) Responses to warmer core temperatures are coordinated by the ____________________, labeled #____________________, and responses to cooler core temperature are coordinated by the ____________________, labeled #____________________.
Q3) Professor Ocampo studies drinking behavior in rats. She has found that rats will begin drinking when
A) aldosterone reaches the OVLT.
B) aldosterone reaches the subfornical organ.
C) angiotensin II reaches the OVLT.
D) angiotensin II reaches the subfornical organ.
Q4) Excess sugars may be converted by the liver into A) ketones.
B) glycogen.
C) glucose.
D) glucagon.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Sexual Behavior
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159 Verified Questions
159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Normal prenatal development of male external genitalia requires the direct action of A) 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone.
B) testosterone.
C) anti-Müllerian hormone.
D) testis-determining factor.
Q2) In the absence of sufficient quantities of 5-alpha-reductase,
A) 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone is not converted into testosterone, and external genitalia are not masculinized in the fetus.
B) testosterone is not converted into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, and external genitalia are not masculinized in the fetus.
C) 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone is not converted into testosterone, and internal organs are not masculinized in the fetus.
D) testosterone is not converted into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, and internal organs are not masculinized in the fetus.
Q3) Carla has been diagnosed with Turner syndrome. Discuss what symptoms she might experience and the specific genetics she inherited.
Q4) Discuss how the internal sexual organs develop differently from the gonads.
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Chapter 11: Sleep and Waking
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Complaints of joint and muscle pain among seniors may result from age-related
A) increases in REM sleep.
B) decreases in REM sleep.
C) increases in NREM sleep.
D) decreases in NREM sleep.
Q2) Your roommate has become very irritable lately and is having trouble concentrating in class. He's gained about 30 pounds since he came to school and you're feeling a little grouchy too because his snoring is keeping you awake at night. If you could give him advice, what might it be?
A) He might need to visit his physician and see if he is suffering from obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea.
B) He is probably suffering from cataplexy during the night due to narcolepsy.
C) He needs to be on a regular dose of sleep medication, as he is not getting enough sleep.
D) He should make an appointment with a psychiatrist because he seems to be suffering from a psychotic disorder.
Q3) Discuss the EEG patterns characteristic of each sleep stage.
Q4) Explain the role of a zeitgeber and give some examples including the most potent for humans.
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Chapter 12: Learning and Memory
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168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jamelis has figured out that his mother will be furious with him if he comes home after dinner time, so he has started making sure never to be that late. Jamelis is demonstrating A) reflexes.
B) instincts.
C) fixed action patterns.
D) learned behaviors.
Q2) In response to stressful events, the amygdala
A) remains silent.
B) experiences long-term excitation.
C) experiences long-term inhibition
D) experiences enhanced activity followed by a refractory period.
Q3) In sensitization experiments, shocking the head or tail of Aplysia will result in a(n)
A) reduced gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch.
B) increased gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch.
C) absence of the gill-withdrawal reflex in response to siphon touch.
D) gill-withdrawal reflex in response to head touch but not siphon touch.
Q4) Procedural memories involve a number of areas of the brain. Explain which areas are involved.
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Chapter 13: Cognition
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168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The arcuate fasciculus is typically damaged in cases of conduction aphasia A) only.
B) and Broca's aphasia.
C) and global aphasia.
D) and transcortical aphasia.
Q2) Herbert Terrace has argued that the use of symbols and sign language by apes differs from human language in A) arbitrariness and duality.
B) spontaneous usage and structure dependence.
C) semanticity and displacement.
D) turn-taking and creativity.
Q3) The use of split-brain operations have been shown to A) be unsuccessful in treating epilepsy.
B) improve the frequency of seizures but not the severity.
C) improve the severity of seizures but not the frequency.
D) improve both the severity and frequency of seizures.
Q4) What are the major features of Wernicke's aphasia?
Q5) Initial processing of sound occurs in structure #____________________, or ____________________, and comprehension of speech is processed by structure #____________________, or ____________________.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Emotion, Aggression, and Stress
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) At times of stress, the hypothalamus communicates with the anterior pituitary gland using
A) cortisol.
B) corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH).
C) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
D) dopamine.
Q2) Dylan attends a friend's wedding where he knows his ex is also invited. To manage his negative emotions, Dylan keeps telling himself that the relationship was not good and he's better off now. This emotion regulation strategy is known as A) avoidance.
B) suppression.
C) reappraisal.
D) selective attention.
Q3) The James-Lange theory of emotion says that we experience A) physical states prior to subjective feelings.
B) subjective feelings prior to physical responses to emotion.
C) simultaneous physical and subjective responses.
D) subjective feelings without consideration of physical responses.
Q4) What behaviors are correlated with telling a deliberate lie?
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Chapter 15: Neuropsychology
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151 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Initial symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) may mimic
A) meningitis.
B) West Nile virus infection.
C) depression.
D) schizophrenia.
Q2) Describe the two major types of generalized seizures.
Q3) Closed head injuries have become common in some sporting events. Discuss closed head injuries; include in your discussion the site of impact and site of damage and implications for diagnosis and possible treatment.
Q4) Primary encephalitis usually results from
A) infection with mosquito-borne viruses.
B) overreaction by the immune system to viruses like chicken pox.
C) infection by fungi.
D) infection by common bacteria passed through close contact with others.
Q5) How would you advise a National Football League (NFL) quarterback who has experienced several concussions during the current season?
Q6) Summarize the symptoms and treatment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Psychopathology
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Sample Questions
Q1) When patients with schizophrenia perform behaviors that we would not expect to see in a typical person, we refer to these behaviors as _________ symptoms.
A) negative
B) positive
C) active-phase
D) prodromal
Q2) Claud has been diagnosed with ________ because he has been having delusional thoughts, which his doctor explained are a _______ symptom.
A) schizophrenia; positive
B) schizophrenia; negative
C) bipolar disorder; positive
D) bipolar disorder; negative
Q3) According to some researchers, the brains of people with schizophrenia are
A) more symmetrical in structure and function than brains of typical controls.
B) more symmetrical in structure, but not function, compared to brains of typical controls.
C) more symmetrical in function, but not structure, compared to brains of typical controls.
D) less symmetrical in structure and function than brains of typical controls.
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Page 18