Introduction to Behavioral Science
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Behavioral Science explores the fundamental principles underlying human behavior by integrating concepts from psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics. This course examines how individuals and groups make decisions, what motivates actions, and the social and environmental factors that influence thought and behavior. Students will analyze theories of learning, emotion, perception, and social interaction, and apply behavioral science insights to real-world issues such as health, consumer choices, and public policy. Through a combination of lectures, case studies, and interactive activities, the course equips students with a foundational understanding of human behavior and the skills to assess behavioral phenomena critically.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to PsychologyVersion 1.0 by Charles Stangor
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14 Chapters
2640 Verified Questions
2640 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Asking Good Psychological Questions
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176 Verified Questions
176 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Functionalism has had little lasting impact in psychology.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The psychodynamic perspective originated in the work of _____,a Viennese neurologist.
A) Freud
B) Ebbinghaus
C) Jung
D) Fechner
Answer: A
Q3) Dr.Thibodeaux asserts that we underestimate the effects of unconscious conflicts on our behavior.Dr.Thibodeaux' view reflects that of the _____ psychologists.
Answer: psychodynamic
Q4) Kyle repeats a telephone number over and over to himself so that he can remember it long enough to dial it.Kyle is using _____.
Answer: rehearsal
Q5) Titchener is to structuralism as James is to _____.
Answer: Functionalism
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Chapter 2: Learning Styles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following sequences correctly orders types of scientific predictions or explanations in order of increasing generality
A) hypothesis theory law
B) theory hypothesis law
C) law hypothesis theory
D) theory law hypothesis
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is the goal of experimental research
A) To assess the validity of a measurement
B) To assess the relationships among variables
C) To assess the current state of affairs
D) To assess the causal influence of one or more manipulations
Answer: D
Q3) In an experiment,a researcher manipulates participants' exposure to a stimulus.Exposure is a(n)________ variable in this example.
Answer: independent
Q4) "Solve for x," states an eighth-grade mathematics text.Because x can assume different values,it is termed a(n)__________.
Answer: variable
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Chapter 3: Social Psychology: Helping, Influence, and Obedience
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175 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cocaine causes the neurotransmitter dopamine to remain at the site of the synapse longer than it normally would.Cocaine thus inhibits the process termed __________.
A) recycling
B) reabsorption
C) reuptake
D) reuse
Answer: C
Q2) Based on your text's discussion,which statement seems most reasonable regarding the contribution to left-handedness of genetics on the one hand,and culture on the other
A) Left-handedness is primarily genetic; culture plays a very small role.
B) Left-handedness largely reflects cultural influences.
C) Left-handedness reflects approximately equal contributions of genetics and culture.
D) Left-handedness is primarily genetic in origin, but cultural factors can influence its expression.
Answer: D
Q3) The tiny _________ gland is known as the endocrine system's "master gland."
Answer: pituitary
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Chapter 4: Stress, Anxiety Disorders and Classical Conditioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consider the figure within parentheses: (XX XX XX).That we perceive three pairs of Xs reflects the Gestalt principle(s)of:
A) similarity
B) continuity
C) figure/ground
D) proximity
Q2) The development of depth perception depends substantially on experience.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Frequency theory attempts to explain the perception of _________.Place theory attempts to explain the perception of _________.
A) loudness; loudness as well
B) loudness; pitch
C) both pitch and loudness; pitch
D) pitch; pitch as well
Q4) Knowledge of sensation and perception has enabled the substantial improvement of equipment and technology.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Treating Psychological Disorders With Emphasis on Cognitive Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following alternatives correctly defines addiction
A) Increased doses of a drug are required to produce the same effect
B) A need to use a drug regularly
C) Negative experiences that accompany reducing or stopping drug use
D) When the user craves a drug and is driven to seek it out
Q2) Hypnosis may contribute to the successful treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In research conducted by Lejuez et al.(2005),adolescents' risk tolerance was ________ related to having tried cigarettes.
A) perfectly
B) curvilinearly
C) negatively
D) positively
Q4) Jean does not remember what happened while she was hypnotized.Jean is demonstrating __________.
Q5) A trancelike susceptibility to suggestion is characteristic of ________.
7
Q6) According to your text,hallucinogens influence the action of the neurotransmitter
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Chapter 6: Psychological Science
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jody is completing a test in which she has to name as many state capitals as she can in one minute; Aditi is trying to complete analogies between pairs of abstract diagrams.Jody is taking a test of _________ intelligence; Aditi,a test of __________.
A) fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence
B) semantic intelligence; abstract intelligence
C) abstract intelligence; semantic intelligence
D) crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
Q2) Cross-sectional research designs provide information regarding age _______.Longitudinal research designs provide information concerning ___________.
A) changes; age differences
B) changes; age changes, also
C) changes; cohort effects
D) differences; age changes
Q3) Dementia and Alzheimer's disease is associated with a decline in the production of the neurotransmitter __________.
Q4) Twelve-year-old Callie had her first menstrual period today: Callie has experience
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Chapter 7: Social Psychology: Stereotypes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alexis uses cocaine,which activates her sympathetic nervous system.Expecting her dealer,her hands shake and her heart pounds.Which alternative below correctly identifies the neutral stimulus,the CS,and the US
A) neutral stimulus-knock on the door; CS-cocaine; US-cocaine
B) neutral stimulus-knock on the door; CS-knock on the door; US-pounding heart
C) neutral stimulus-knock on the door; CS-knock on the door; US-cocaine
D) neutral stimulus-cocaine; CS-knock on the door; US-cocaine
Q2) Relief from pain is a primary reinforcer.
Q3) Recall Watson's famous "Give me a dozen healthy infants ..." passage,quoted in your text.The passage expresses Watson's belief on the importance of _____.
A) nature
B) classical conditioning
C) nurture
D) conscious processes
Q4) Which of the following defines positive reinforcement
A) Strengthening a response by removing an unpleasant stimulus
B) Strengthening a response by presenting a pleasant stimulus
C) Weakening a response by removing a pleasant stimulus
D) Weakening a response by presenting an unpleasant stimulus
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Chapter 8: Brains, Bodies, and Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes implicit memory
A) Knowledge or experiences that can be consciously remembered
B) Memory of the first-hand experiences that we have had
C) Memory of facts and concepts about the world
D) The influence of experience on behavior, even when we are not aware of the effect
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about iconic and echoic memory
A) Iconic and echoic memory are types of sensory memory.
B) Iconic and echoic memory are types of explicit memory.
C) Iconic and echoic memory are types of implicit memory.
D) Iconic and echoic memory are types of classical conditioning
Q3) Loftus and Palmer (1974)conducted an experiment in which participants estimated the speed of cars that were described as either contacting or smashing into another.To which of the following conclusions regarding eyewitness memory is this study most relevant
A) The presence of a weapon attracts witnesses' attention, impairing their memory.
B) Eyewitnesses confidence is only weakly related to eyewitness memory.
C) Eyewitness memory can be heavily influenced by leading questions.
D) Child eyewitnesses less suggestible than are adult eyewitnesses.
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Chapter 9: Emotions, An Introduction to Psychological Disorders,
and Depression
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Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ Adult Intelligence Scale is the most commonly used intelligence test in the United States.
Q2) According to your text,one positive feature of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is:
A) the empirical support it has received
B) the intuitive appeal of the underlying concept
C) its emphasis on important abilities that have been neglected in education
D) its focus on cases of brain damage, as well as of mental retardation and giftedness
Q3) The IQ of an intellectually gifted person is greater than or equal to _______.
Q4) Which of the following defines intelligence
A) Knowing a lot about many topics
B) Being able to remember information easily
C) Solving mental rotation tasks quickly
D) The capacity to learn from experience, solve problems, and to adapt to new situations.
Q5) The rules indicating how words and phrases may be combined to form legitimate sentences are referred to as ________.
Page 12
Q6) _______'s area in the left frontal lobe is specialized for speech production.
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Chapter 10: Schemas: Piagets Cognitive Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following defines arousal
A) The experience of feeling or emotion.
B) Our experiences of the responses created by the sympathetic division of the ANS
C) A mental and physiological feeling state
D) A driving force that directs behavior
Q2) In Schachter and Singer's classic experiment,participants were injected with epinephrine and either informed or not informed about the drug's effects.Participants were later asked to rate their own emotional states.Which alternative below correctly names and identifies a variable in this experiment
A) independent variable-whether participants were informed about epinephrine's effects
B) dependent variable-whether participants were informed about epinephrine's effects
C) control variable-participants' own emotional state
D) experimental variable-whether participants were informed about epinephrine's effects
Q3) The facial-feedback hypothesis is reminiscent of the ________ theory of emotion in that it suggests that the feeling of an emotion follows the body's behavior.
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Chapter 11: Schemas: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a definition of leadership
A) The ability to direct or inspire others
B) The ability to look forward
C) The ability to link self and other
D) Leadership is the same as intelligence
Q2) Adler is to Horney as security is to superiority.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following correctly defines the defense mechanism of displacement
A) An impulse is redirected from the source of anxiety to a more acceptable source.
B) Unacceptable impulses are channeled into socially acceptable activities
C) Unacceptable impulses are expressed as their opposites
D) Unacceptable impulses are attributed to others
Q4) According to ________,we wish to escape from the freedom technology has given us and reconnect with other people.
A) Horney
B) Adler
C) Jung
D) Fromm
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Chapter 12: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A state in which a schizophrenic does not move and is unresponsive to others is termed __________.
Q2) Alex has an intense,unwarranted fear of dogs.Bailey feels driven to wash her hands repeatedly.Callista is plagued by chronic,debilitating worry.Doran sometimes feels dizzy and short of breath; he feels as if he might die.Which of these individuals is CORRECTLY matched with the anxiety disorder he or she displays
A) Alex - generalized anxiety disorder
B) Bailey - phobic disorder
C) Callista - obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) Doran - panic disorder
Q3) Women are _______ as likely to experience major depression as are men. A) half
B) just
C) one-and-a-half
D) twice
Q4) Casey believes that he is a woman trapped inside a man's body,exemplifying __________ disorder.
Q5) Most of the drugs useful in treating schizophrenia inhibit the activity of the neurotransmitter __________.
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Chapter 13: Visual Perception, Schizophrenia, Medications, sleeping
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lithium is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Person-centered therapy is a specific type of ________ therapy.It is associated with _________.
A) psychodynamic; Aaron Beck
B) psychodynamic; Carl Rogers
C) humanistic; Aaron Beck
D) humanistic; Carl Rogers
Q3) Dr.Andersen attempts to bring about personal growth by using communication to develop insight.Dr.Bradley attempts to improve psychological functioning through the use of medication.Dr.Andersen practices _________; Dr.Bradley,___________.
A) psychotherapy; psychoanalysis
B) psychotherapy; biomedical therapy
C) psychoanalysis; biotherapy
D) psychotherapy; gene therapy
Q4) Identify (a)one advantage,strength,or contribution and (b)one disadvantage,weakness,or limitation of each of the following types of psychotherapy: psychoanalysis,behavior therapy,and cognitive therapy
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Chapter 14: Psychology Advising
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Sample Questions
Q1) The likelihood that an individual will help someone in an emergency situation is ___________ correlated with the number of other people present.
A) negatively
B) positively
C) not
D) curvilinearly
Q2) Which of the following terms relevant to prejudice and discrimination is correctly matched with the concept of which it is an example
A) stereotype - behavior
B) prejudice - schema
C) discrimination - attitude
D) None of these is correctly matched.
Q3) Which alternative below correctly defines normative conformity
A) A change in behavior in response to authority
B) A change in behavior or attitudes reflecting a desire for knowledge
C) A strong emotional reaction that leads people to resist pressures to conform
D) A change in behavior or attitudes reflecting the desire to be liked
Q4) Aggression is to __________ as harm is to help.
Q5) The tendency to conform to those in authority is termed _______.
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