Introduction to American History
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Introduction to American History offers a comprehensive overview of the major social, political, economic, and cultural developments in the United States from pre-Columbian times to the present day. The course explores key events, influential figures, and foundational documents that have shaped the nations identity and institutions. Through the study of primary and secondary sources, students engage with topics such as colonization, revolution, civil rights, industrialization, and Americas role on the global stage, gaining a deeper understanding of the diverse perspectives and experiences that have contributed to the American story.
Recommended Textbook
The American Pageant 15th Edition by
David M. Kennedy
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5354 Verified Questions
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Page 2
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Sample Questions
Q1) Europeans wanted to discover a new,shorter route to eastern Asia in order to
A) break the hold that Muslim merchants had on trade with Asia.
B) reduce the price of goods from Asia.
C) gain more profits for themselves.
D) reduce the time it took to transport goods.
E) All of these
Answer: E
Q2) Men in the more settled agricultural groups in North America performed all of the following tasks except A) hunting.
B) gathering fuel.
C) tending crops.
D) clearing fields for planting.
E) fishing.
Answer: C
Q3) ____ Africa
Answer: 7
Q4) ____ South America
Answer: 1
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Q1) The summoning of Virginia's House of Burgesses marked an important precedent because it
A) failed.
B) was abolished by King James I.
C) was the first of many miniature parliaments to flourish in America.
D) forced King James I to revoke the colony's royal charter and grant it self-government.
E) allowed the seating of nonvoting Native Americans.
Answer: C
Q2) Virginia,Maryland,the Carolinas,and Georgia were similar in that they were all A) economically devoted to exporting commercial agricultural products, often a staple crop.
B) proprietary colonies.
C) founded after the restoration of Charles II to the throne.
D) founded as refuges for persecuted religious sects in England.
E) able to live in peace with the Native Americans.
Answer: A
Q3) ____ Roanoke Island
Answer: 11
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Chapter 3: Settling the Northern Colonies,1619-1700
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Q1) The New England Indians' only hope for resisting English encroachment lay in
A) acquiring English muskets.
B) enlisting the aid of the French.
C) intertribal unity against the English.
D) building fortifications.
E) allying themselves with the Dutch.
Answer: C
Q2) After the Pequot War,Puritan efforts to convert Indians to Christianity can best be described as
A) vigorous but unsuccessful.
B) more zealous than those made by Catholics, but still unsuccessful.
C) filling "praying towns" with hundreds of Indians.
D) feeble, not equaling that of the Spanish or the French.
E) very successful.
Answer: D
Q3) ____ Philadelphia
Answer: 7
Q4) ____ Rhode Island
Answer: 7
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Chapter 4: American Life in the Seventeenth
Century,1607-1692
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Q1) The immediate reason for Bacon's Rebellion was
A) the Virginia governor's refusal to retaliate against Indian attacks on frontier settlements.
B) the wealthy planter class losing control of the colony.
C) a shortage of indentured servants.
D) to halt the importation of African slaves.
E) All of these
Q2) By 1700,the most populous colony in English America was
A) Massachusetts.
B) Virginia.
C) New York.
D) Pennsylvania.
E) Maryland.
Q3) The Half-Way Covenant
A) allowed full communion for all nonconverted members.
B) strengthened the distinction between the elect and all others.
C) brought an end to the jeremiads of Puritan ministers.
D) resulted in a decrease in church members.
E) allowed the children of unconverted existing members to be baptized but not full members of the church.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Colonial Society on the Eve of
Revolution,1700-1775
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Q1) The riches created by the growing slave population in the American South A) were distributed evenly among whites.
B) helped to narrow the gap between rich and poor.
C) created a serious problem with inflation.
D) were not distributed evenly among whites.
E) enabled poor whites to escape tenant farming.
Q2) ____ Slaves
Q3) Although manufacturing in the colonies was of only secondary importance,they did produce which of the following?
A) Rum
B) Beaver hats
C) Lumber
D) Iron
E) All of these
Q4) Colonial schools and colleges placed their main emphasis on
A) math.
B) science.
C) modern languages.
D) literature.
E) religion.
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Chapter
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Q1) Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A)George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity; (B)General Edward Braddock is defeated near Fort Duquesne; (C)British troops capture Louisbourg in their first significant victory of the French and Indian War; and (D)General James Wolfe's army defeats Montcalm's on the Plains of Abraham.
A) B, A, D, C
B) A, B, C, D
C) C, B, A, D
D) A, C, B, D
E) A, B, D, C
Q2) What did Benjamin Franklin mean when he said,"all people agreed on the need for union,but their 'weak noodles' were 'perfectly distracted' when they attempted to agree on details"?
Q3) The primary economic pursuit of early settlers in New France was A) farming.
B) fishing.
C) mining.
D) fur trapping.
E) rum manufacturing.
Q4) William Pitt
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Road to Revolution,1763-1775
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Q1) Benjamin Franklin
Q2) The first Navigation Laws were designed to
A) help colonists get the best possible price for their trade goods.
B) eliminate Dutch shippers from the American carrying trade.
C) foster a colonial economy that would offer healthy competition with Britain's.
D) encourage agricultural experimentation in the colonies.
E) support the mapping of the Atlantic trade routes.
Q3) The First Continental Congress was called in order to
A) consider ways of redressing colonial grievances against Britain.
B) become a legislative body.
C) write the Declaration of Independence.
D) decide which of Parliament's taxes the colonies would and would not pay.
E) help implement provisions of the Quebec Act.
Q4) Colonists objected to the Stamp Act because
A) it was a very expensive tax.
B) they believed it could not be repealed.
C) Parliament passed the tax, not the colonists.
D) they opposed all taxes.
E) they wanted their independence.
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Q1) In late 1776 and early 1777,George Washington helped restore confidence in America's military by
A) defeating the Hessians at Trenton and the British at Princeton.
B) securing the support of France for the American war effort with a victory in New York City.
C) gaining a pay raise for American troops.
D) bringing in Alexander Hamilton as his aide.
E) providing adequate food and clothing for the soldiers.
Q2) Thomas Jefferson was a slave owner.Why,then,did he state in the Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal"?
Q3) Americans who opposed independence for the colonies were labeled ____ or ____,and the independence-seeking Patriots were also known as ____.
A) Tories, Whigs, Loyalists
B) Loyalists, Tories, Whigs
C) Whigs, Tories, Loyalists
D) Loyalists, Whigs, Tories
E) Sons of Liberty, Tories, Whigs
Q4) ____ Trenton
Q5) Thomas Jefferson
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Chapter 9: The Confederation and the Constitution,1776-1790
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Q1) The Constitutional Convention was called to
A) write a completely new constitution.
B) allow the most radical Revolutionary leaders to write their ideas into law.
C) weaken the power of the central government.
D) revise the Articles of Confederation.
E) reassess our foreign alliances.
Q2) Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution,especially in regard to the specific powers granted by each to the national government.
Q3) republicanism
Q4) The Articles of Confederation were finally approved when A) agreement was reached on who would be president.
B) states gave up their right to coin money.
C) all states claiming western lands surrendered them to the national government.
D) the states gave up their power to establish tariffs.
E) a two-house national legislature was added.
Q5) James Madison
Q6) civic virtue
Q7) Alexander Hamilton
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Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State,1789-1800
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Q1) Little Turtle
Q2) Washington's decision to retire from the presidency in 1797
A) paved the way for Thomas Jefferson to step into the presidency.
B) established a two-term tradition for American presidents.
C) was capped off with a powerful Farewell Address, delivered before thousands of people.
D) had political leaders singing his praises for his accomplishments and dedication.
E) led England to see the fledgling nation as vulnerable.
Q3) Jefferson's argument against the constitutionality of a Bank of the United States were based on the strict construction principles,especially embodied in the A) Articles of Confederation.
B) "necessary and proper" clause of the Constitution.
C) Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.
D) Tenth Amendment in the Bill of Rights.
E) restrictions on Congress's power in Article I, section 10 of the Constitution.
Q4) amendment
Q5) excise tax
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Chapter
11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic,1800-1812
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Q1) One of the first lessons learned by the Jeffersonians after their victory in the 1800 presidential election was
A) the need to strengthen diplomatic ties with Britain.
B) to go off the gold standard.
C) to decrease tariffs.
D) to institute an excise tax.
E) that it is easier to condemn from the stump than to govern consistently.
Q2) Tripolitan War
Q3) Sally Hemings
Q4) The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because
A) the Americans took the Chesapeake.
B) they needed more men.
C) Parliament passed a law.
D) of the XYZ affair.
E) they wanted to punish the United States.
Q5) The text's authors believe that the Louisiana Purchase was "the most glorious achievement of Jefferson as president." Do you agree? Why or why not?
Q6) Albert Gallatin
Q7) mosquito fleet
Page 13
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Chapter 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge
of Nationalism,1812-1824
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Q1) Henry Clay's American System called for
A) federally funded internal improvements.
B) the abolition of slavery in the territories.
C) international free trade.
D) protective tariffs.
E) continuation of the National Bank.
Q2) Cohens v.Virginia
Q3) The performance of the United States' Navy in the War of 1812 could be best described as
A) poor and unsuccessful in every category.
B) less successful than that of the army.
C) courageous but strategically ineffective.
D) most effective on the Atlantic Ocean.
E) surprisingly successful.
Q4) Treaty of Ghent
Q5) To what extent can it be said that the United States won a victory over Great Britain in the War of 1812?
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Q6) Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of Henry Clay's "American System." What was the basis of support and opposition for this proposal?
Chapter 13: The Rise of a Mass Democracy,1824-1840
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Q1) The South Carolina state legislature,after the election of 1832
A) voted to abolish all federal legislation, with regard to tariffs, as unconstitutional.
B) declared the existing tariff constitutional and part of South Carolina law.
C) was taken over by a majority of Federalists.
D) voted to secede from the union.
E) declared the existing tariff null and void in South Carolina.
Q2) nullification
Q3) Evaluate the wisdom of Jackson's veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States.Who gained and who lost by his veto?
Q4) While in existence,the second Bank of the United States
A) was the depository of the funds of the national government.
B) irresponsibly inflated the national currency by issuing federal bank notes.
C) limited economic growth by extending public credit.
D) forced an ever-increasing number of bank failures.
E) did little to help the economy.
Q5) Black Hawk
Q6) Daniel Webster
Q7) "Revolution of 1828"
Q8) spoils system
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Chapter
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Q1) ____ Lake Michigan
Q2) Most early railroads in the United States were built in the A) North.
B) Old South.
C) lower Mississippi Valley.
D) Far West.
E) Appalachian Mountains.
Q3) The early factory system distributed its benefits
A) mostly to the owners.
B) evenly to all.
C) primarily in the South.
D) to workers represented by unions.
E) to overseas investors.
Q4) Catharine Beecher
Q5) Eli Whitney
Q6) industrial revolution
Q7) List the five most important inventions of the early nineteenth century and rank them in order of importance.Justify your ranking.
Q8) Carl Schurz
Q9) ____ Lake Ontario Page 16
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Chapter 15: The Ferment of Reform and Culture,1790-1860
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Q1) Deists like Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin endorsed the belief
A) in divine revelation.
B) in original sin.
C) in the deity of Christ.
D) that a Supreme Being endowed human beings with a capacity for moral behavior. E) in the imminent end of the world.
Q2) Emma Willard
Q3) The authors claim that in early-nineteenth-century America,public schools "existed chiefly to educate the children of the poor." Why were both upper- and lower-class Americans willing to support public education with their tax dollars?
Q4) James Fenimore Cooper
Q5) Nathaniel Hawthorne
Q6) Ralph Waldo Emerson
Q7) Noah Webster's dictionary
A) had little impact until the twentieth century.
B) helped to standardize the American language.
C) was used to educate nineteenth-century slaves.
D) came to the United States from Britain in the 1800s.
E) gave legitimacy to American slang.
Q8) Burned-Over District
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Chapter 16: The South and the Slavery
Controversy,1793-1860
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Q1) Cotton Kingdom
Q2) The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the A) 1790s.
B) 1820s.
C) 1830s.
D) 1840s.
E) 1850s.
Q3) Theodore Dwight Weld
Q4) Assess the validity of the following statement,"Slaves were better off than both wage earners in northern industry and free blacks back in Africa." Do you agree? Why or why not?
Q5) Slaves were
A) regarded primarily as financial investments by their owners.
B) the primary form of wealth in the South.
C) profitable for their owners.
D) often bred like cattle.
E) denied any kind of family life.
Q6) Sojourner Truth
Q7) mulatto population
Q8) American Colonization Society
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Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy,1841-1848
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Q1) Maine
Q2) One reason that the British government decided to compromise on the Oregon Country border was
A) the support of the Hudson's Bay Company.
B) their belief that the territory was not worth fighting over.
C) John Tyler's election to the presidency.
D) America's acceptance of 54 40'.
E) their better ability to defend British Columbia.
Q3) Points of controversy between the United States and Mexico in 1845-1846 included
A) damage claims by American citizens against the Mexican government.
B) the immigration of Mormons into Mexican territory.
C) exclusion of Mexico from the Oregon boundary settlement.
D) the refusal of the Mexican government to receive Polk's envoy, John Slidell.
E) American annexation of Texas.
Q4) As a result of the panic of 1837
A) the U. S. established restrictions on foreign loans.
B) Britain lent money to America, its close ally.
C) anti-British passions cooled in America.
D) the Democrats led America into war for more territory.
E) several states defaulted on their debts to Britain.
Page 21
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Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle,1848-1854
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Q1) Matthew C.Perry
Q2) James Gadsden
Q3) It has been said that "the historian who searches for examples of intelligent and tolerant statesmanship in the period 1850-1854 seeks almost in vain." Citing the "statesmanship" of men like Clay,Douglas,Webster,Calhoun,Pierce,and Fillmore,demonstrate that this argument is or is not supportable.
Q4) Henry Clay
Q5) Of those people going to California during the gold rush
A) the majority had come from foreign nations.
B) slaves constituted a sizable minority.
C) the majority gained considerable financial rewards.
D) most were interested in free-soil farming.
E) a distressingly high proportion were lawless men.
Q6) The public liked popular sovereignty because it
A) stopped the spread of slavery.
B) fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination.
C) provided a national solution to the problem of slavery.
D) supported the Wilmot Proviso.
E) upheld the principles of white supremacy.
Q7) Franklin Pierce
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Chapter 19: Drifting Toward Disunion,1854-1861
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Q1) Freeport Doctrine
Q2) James Buchanan
Q3) Uncle Tom's Cabin may be described as
A) a firsthand account of slavery.
B) a success only in the United States.
C) a romanticized account of slavery.
D) having little effect on the start of the Civil War.
E) a powerful political force.
Q4) The real significance of the election of 1856 was that it
A) showed that the Democrats still remained the majority party in the country.
B) demonstrated the importance of charismatic leadership in the presidency.
C) foreshadowed an ominous sectional clash over slavery in the election of 1860.
D) marked the end of Senator Stephen Douglas's presidential hopes.
E) signalled the demise of the Know-Nothing (American) Party.
Q5) Kansas Territory's Lecompton Constitution was supported by
A) President James Buchanan.
B) Stephen A. Douglas.
C) the Republican party.
D) proslavery settlers in Kansas.
E) Henry Ward Beecher.
Page 23
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Chapter 20: Girding for War: The North and the
South,1861-1865
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Q1) Like the North during the Civil War,the South
A) exempted the wealthy from military service.
B) experienced a high rate of desertion.
C) relied mainly on volunteer enlistments.
D) drafted men into military service.
E) used black soldiers.
Q2) Alabama
Q3) King Cotton
Q4) The Civil War was a women's war in all of the following ways except A) as men left for war, women gained new job opportunities in government.
B) military demand for shoes and clothing drew women into industrial employment.
C) women were encouraged to run for office to fill political posts abandoned by men.
D) women aided men on the battlefront as spies or by posing as male soldiers
E) women were able to professionalize nursing.
Q5) Assess the validity of the following statement,"The South's devotion to states' rights was a major reason for its failure to win the Civil War."
Q6) Morrill Tariff Act
Q7) Maximilian
Q8) Border States Page 24
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Chapter 21: The Furnace of Civil War,1861-1865
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Q1) Copperheads
Q2) As a theorist of warfare,General William T.Sherman was
A) a master of the quick, surprising attack.
B) careful to avoid "collateral damage" to civilian lives and property.
C) a believer in siege warfare.
D) insistent on maintaining strict military discipline among his troops.
E) a pioneer of the strategy of total warfare aimed at destroying civilian morale.
Q3) Clement L.Vallandigham
Q4) One consequence of General William T.Sherman's style of warfare was
A) a longer war.
B) the loss of more lives.
C) fewer desertions on the Confederate side.
D) southern resignation to defeat.
E) a shorter war that saved lives.
Q5) Battle of Gettysburg
Q6) Ford's Theater
Q7) Assess the validity of the following statement,"The removal of Lincoln [as president in 1864] was the last real hope for a Confederate victory."
Q8) Thomas J.Jackson
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Chapter 22: The Ordeal of Reconstruction,1865-1877
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Q1) In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction,President Lincoln promised
A) rapid readmission of Southern states into the Union.
B) former slaves the right to vote.
C) the restoration of the planter aristocracy to political power.
D) severe punishment of Southern political and military leaders.
E) a plan to allow 10 percent of blacks to vote.
Q2) Why was President Johnson impeached? Why didn't the Senate convict him of "high crimes and misdemeanors"? Would Johnson's conviction have permanently altered the balance of power between Congress and the President?
Q3) In 1865,Southern
A) whites quickly admitted they had been wrong in trying to secede and win Southern independence.
B) whites rapidly turned their slaves into paid employees.
C) blacks uniformly turned in anger and revenge against their former masters.
D) blacks often began traveling to test their freedom, search for family members, and seek economic opportunity.
E) blacks looked to the federal government for help.
Q4) "Seward's Folly"
Q5) Redeemers
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Chapter 23: Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age,1869-1896
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Q1) Denis Kearney
Q2) McKinley Tariff
Q3) President James A.Garfield was assassinated
A) by an ex-Confederate bitter at Garfield's Union army service.
B) because he was a Stalwart Republican.
C) by a jealous former lover.
D) by a deranged, disappointed office seeker.
E) by a political anarchist.
Q4) In the Gilded Age,hard money policies were reflected in A) the Resumption Act of 1875.
B) the "Crime of '73."
C) contraction.
D) the position of the Greenback Labor party.
E) agitation for silver currency.
Q5) Jim Fisk
Q6) Why did late-nineteenth-century presidential elections tend to focus on the personalities of the candidates rather than on real issues?
Q7) Compromise of 1877
Q8) Samuel Tilden
Q9) Grover Cleveland
Page 28
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Chapter 24: Industry Comes of Age,1865-1900
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Q1) Which of the following was not among the common forms of corruption practiced by the wealthy railroad barons?
A) Bribing judges and state legislatures
B) Forcing their employees to buy railroad company stock
C) Providing free railroad passes to journalists and politicians
D) Watering railroad stocks and bonds in order to sell them at inflated prices
E) Receiving kickbacks from powerful shippers
Q2) lockout
Q3) Gospel of Wealth
Q4) horizontal integration
Q5) In the textiles mills of the industrializing South,all of the following are true statements except
A) rural black and white southerners landed plumb jobs in the new mills.
B) entire families worked long hours in the mills.
C) most workers were paid half the rate received by northern workers for the same tasks.
D) payment was typically made in credit to the company store.
E) workers were called "hillbillies" or "lintheads" by employers.
Q6) company town
Q7) anarchists
Page 30
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Chapter 25: America Moves to the City,1865-1900
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Q1) Macy's/Marshall Field's
Q2) Describe the impact of the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin on American religious and cultural life? Why did many people find Darwin's ideas challenging or difficult?
Q3) By the late nineteenth century,most of the Old Immigrant groups from northern and Western Europe
A) actively promoted the idea of a multicultural America.
B) were still regarded with suspicion and hostility by the majority of native Americans.
C) had largely abandoned their ethnically based churches, clubs, and neighborhoods.
D) were largely accepted as American, even though they often lived in separate ethnic neighborhoods.
E) still maintained a primary loyalty to their country of origin, especially Ireland or Germany.
Q4) Women and Economics
Q5) Carrie Nation
Q6) Lewis Wallace
Q7) Salvation Army
Q8) Henry H.Richardson
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Chapter 26: The Great West and the Agricultural
Revolution,1865-1896
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Q1) What is the safety-valve theory? Do you find it plausible? Why or why not?
Q2) One key to the Republican victory in the 1896 presidential election was
A) McKinley's ability to create divisions between western and southern farmers.
B) the huge financial and propaganda effort of Mark Hanna and the Republicans.
C) McKinley's ability to make the tariff issue more important than free silver.
D) the wide travel and numerous speeches made by William McKinley.
E) the ability of Republicans to disrupt the solid South.
Q3) In 1890,when the superintendent of the census announced that a stable frontier line was no longer discernible,Americans were disturbed because
A) they knew that the Homestead Act would no longer do them much good.
B) they thought that there would be a renewal of Indian warfare.
C) the idea of an endlessly open West had been an element of America's history from the beginning.
D) many of them hoped eventually to migrate to the West.
E) they feared that an influx of new western states would strengthen the Populists and other radicals.
Q4) Sitting Bull
Q5) Comanches
Q6) William Hope Harvey
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Chapter 27: Empire and Expansion,1890-1909
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163 Verified Questions
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Q1) Emilio Aguinaldo
Q2) To justify American intervention in the Venezuela boundary dispute with Britain,Secretary of State Olney invoked the A) Platt Amendment.
B) Open Door policy.
C) Monroe Doctrine.
D) Foraker Act.
E) Gentlemen's Agreement.
Q3) In the aftermath of the Boxer uprising,the United States used the indemnity that China was forced to pay to
A) educate Chinese students in the United States.
B) maintain the Open Door policy.
C) establish permanent American military bases in China.
D) assist the Chinese Nationalists in the efforts to overthrow the emperor.
E) support U.S. missionaries in China.
Q4) insurrectos
Q5) "yellow peril"
Q6) Philippe Bunau-Varilla
Q7) Elihu Root
Q8) spheres of influence
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Chapter 28: Progressivism and the Republican
Roosevelt,1901-1912
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132 Verified Questions
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Q1) The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government A) brought democracy to urban dwellers. B) was developed in Wisconsin. C) was designed to remove politics from municipal administration. D) made giant strides under the leadership of Hiram Johnson. E) opened urban politics to new immigrants.
Q2) President Roosevelt believed that the federal government should adopt a policy of ____ trusts. A) dissolving B) ignoring C) regulating D) collusion with E) monitoring
Q3) Progressives believed that "the cure for the ills of democracy was more democracy." How did progressive reforms attempt to bring more democracy to American society and government? In what areas were their reforms most successful? In what areas did they largely fail to succeed?
Q4) Frances Willard
Q5) muckrakers
Q6) William Jennings Bryan
Page 34
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Chapter 29: Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and
Abroad,1912-1916
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105 Verified Questions
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Q1) Which term best characterizes Woodrow Wilson's fundamental approach to American foreign policy?
A) Imperialistic
B) Moralistic
C) Realistic
D) Balance-of-power
E) Isolationist
Q2) Based on "Varying Viewpoints," why do historians disagree so strongly about "who were the progressives"? Which interpretations of American progressivism seem most persuasive? Why?
Q3) In 1912,Woodrow Wilson ran for the presidency on a Democratic platform that included all of the following except a call for
A) antitrust legislation.
B) banking reform.
C) dollar diplomacy.
D) tariff reductions.
E) support for small business.
Q4) Arsene Pujo
Q5) Virgin Islands
Q6) Victoriano Huerta Page 36
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Chapter 30: The War to End War,1917-1918
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Q1) Assess the significance of Wilson's moralistic idealism on his call for America's entry into World War I in 1917,the Fourteen Points,and the campaign for American participation in the League of Nations.
Q2) Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to
A) stop the spread of communism.
B) blame no one for starting the war.
C) force Germany to pay reparations for the war.
D) establish the League of Nations.
E) destroy the Austrian and Russian empires.
Q3) Liberty Loans
Q4) Bernard Baruch
Q5) Big Four
Q6) Opposition to the League of Nations by many United States senators during the Paris Peace Conference
A) gave Allied leaders in Paris a stronger bargaining position.
B) resulted in the League's being left out of the final draft of the treaty.
C) led to an abandonment of the Monroe Doctrine.
D) reinforced Germany's unwillingness to sign the treaty.
E) forced Wilson to weaken the League idea.
Q7) Calvin Coolidge
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Chapter 31: American Life in the "Roaring
Twenties",1919-1929
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Q1) Eugene O'Neill
Q2) The religion of almost all Polish immigrants to America was
A) Eastern Orthodoxy.
B) Lutheranism.
C) evangelical Protestantism.
D) Roman Catholicism.
E) Judaism.
Q3) Top gangster Al Capone was finally convicted and sent to prison for the crime of A) murder.
B) income tax evasion.
C) kidnapping.
D) conspiracy to violate the prohibition laws.
E) running criminal prostitution rings.
Q4) Clarence Darrow
Q5) The post-World War I Ku Klux Klan advocated all of the following except A) fundamentalist religion.
B) opposition to birth control.
C) opposition to prohibition.
D) repression of pacifists.
E) anti-Catholicism.
Page 39
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Q1) Warren G.Harding
Q2) As a result of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930
A) American industry grew more secure.
B) duties on agricultural products decreased.
C) American economic isolationism ended.
D) campaign promises to labor were fulfilled.
E) the worldwide depression deepened.
Q3) All of the following were political liabilities for Alfred E.Smith except his A) Catholic religion.
B) support for the repeal of prohibition.
C) big-city background.
D) failure to win the support of American labor.
E) radio speaking skill.
Q4) The Progressive party did not do well in the 1924 election because
A) it could not win the farm vote.
B) too many people shared in the general prosperity of the time to care about reform.
C) it was too caught up in internal discord.
D) the liberal vote was split between it and the Democratic party.
E) La Follette could not win the Socialists' endorsement.
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Chapter 33: The Great Depression and the New Deal,1933-1939
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Q1) National Labor Relations Board
Q2) Was Franklin Roosevelt's victory in 1932 more an endorsement of his reform agenda or a repudiation of Herbert Hoover and the Republican policies?
Q3) Franklin Roosevelt's qualities as a leader included
A) pugnaciousness and eagerness to take on controversy.
B) poor public speaking ability.
C) optimism.
D) personal charm and persuasiveness.
E) willingness to experiment.
Q4) John L.Lewis
Q5) Alfred M.Landon
Q6) Roosevelt coalition
Q7) Dust Bowl
Q8) Franklin Roosevelt's reelection in 1936 was ensured by his strong support from A) blacks.
B) the Liberty League.
C) labor unions.
D) the business community.
E) Catholics.
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Chapter 34: Franklin DRoosevelt and the Shadow of War,1933-1941
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Q1) Do you think the argument that "one should not change horses in the middle of a stream" is sufficient to justify Franklin Roosevelt's breaking the two-term tradition in 1940? Do you think anyone should be allowed to serve more than two terms in the presidency? Why or why not?
Q2) London Economic Conference
Q3) How could the United States have done more to enable Jews to escape from Nazi Germany,and later its occupied territories in Europe? Was anti-Semitism the major reason more was not done,or was U.S.reluctance to become involved simply another manifestation of American isolationism in the 1930s?
Q4) Assess President Roosevelt's conduct of American foreign policy after 1935.When and why did he move from isolationism to interventionism in the European war? Do you think that he purposely led the United States into war? Why or why not?
Q5) "phony war"
Q6) ____ The nation that was sacrificed at the Munich Conference by the Allied nations to achieve "peace in our time."
Q7) ____ The nation invaded by Hitler in 1941 despite a formal nonaggression pact signed two years earlier.
Page 43
Q8) America First Committee
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Chapter 35: America in World War II,1941-1945
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Q1) While most American workers were strongly committed to the war effort,wartime production was disrupted by strikes led by the A) Teamsters.
B) Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters.
C) Longshoremen's International Union.
D) United Mine Workers.
E) Industrial Workers of the World.
Q2) The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of A) Leyte Gulf.
B) Bataan and Corregidor.
C) the Coral Sea.
D) Midway.
E) Guadalcanal.
Q3) The national debt increased most during
A) Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.
B) Herbert Hoover's administration.
C) World War II.
D) World War I.
E) the 1920s.
Q4) braceros
Page 44
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Chapter 36: The Cold War Begins,1945-1952
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Q1) Richard M.Nixon
Q2) ____ Bulgaria
Q3) ____ South Sakhalin Island
Q4) How did the rise of the suburbs affect American family life,community life,and race relations?
Q5) George F.Kennan
Q6) ____ Mongolia
Q7) Truman Doctrine
Q8) In an effort to forestall an economic downturn,the Truman administration did all of the following except
A) create the President's Council of Economic Advisers.
B) sell war factories and other government installations to private businesses at very low prices.
C) pass the Employment Act, which made it government policy to promote maximum employment.
D) pass the Servicemen's Readjustment Act, known as the GI Bill of Rights.
E) continue wartime wage and price controls.
Q9) House Committee on Un-American Activities
Q10) National Security Act
Q11) Yalta Conference Page 45
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Chapter 37: The Eisenhower Era,1952-1960
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Q1) Ralph Ellison
Q2) In the epochal 1954 decision in Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka,the Supreme Court
A) declared that the concept of "separate but equal" facilities for blacks and whites was unconstitutional.
B) upheld its earlier decision in Plessy v. Ferguson.
C) rejected desegregation.
D) supported the "Declaration of Constitutional Principles" issued by Congress.
E) ordered immediate and total integration of all American schools.
Q3) During his presidency,Dwight Eisenhower accepted the principle and extended the benefits of
A) federal health care programs.
B) the Tennessee Valley Authority.
C) deficit spending.
D) racial equality.
E) the Social Security system.
Q4) "Rocket fever"
Q5) How did the new American affluence and the Cold War shape American domestic life in the 1950s?
Q6) Dwight Eisenhower
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Chapter 38: The Stormy Sixties,1960-1968
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Q1) Malcolm X
Q2) As a result of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
A) fewer Asians came to the United States.
B) the number of immigrants entering the country was reduced.
C) the racial and ethnic makeup of the country was unchanged.
D) sources of immigration tilted to Eastern Europe.
E) sources of immigration shifted to Latin America and Asia.
Q3) The 1968 Tet offensive resulted in
A) the Viet Cong's takeover of most of South Vietnam's major cities.
B) a request from American generals to send an additional 200,000 American troops to Vietnam.
C) a tactical defeat for the Viet Cong.
D) a political defeat for the United States.
E) a negotiated settlement of the war.
Q4) Voting Rights Act of 1965
Q5) J.William Fulbright
Q6) Tet offensive
Q7) "rights revolution"
Q8) Peace Corps
Q9) credibility gap
Page 48
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Chapter 39: The Stalemated Seventies,1968-1980
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Q1) Which of the following was the more important in creating the mood of public disillusionment in the 1970s: Watergate,the loss of Vietnam,or economic woes?
Q2) John Dean III
Q3) Despite his political skills and foreign policy knowledge,Richard Nixon harbored deep and bitter resentments against
A) the conservative, Goldwater wing of the Republican party.
B) women whom he blamed for undermining traditional conservative values.
C) the Communist great powers, China and the Soviet Union, which threatened America.
D) the Catholic Church that be believed looked down on his own Quaker religion.
E) the liberal establishment that had fought him throughout his career.
Q4) Explain why Jimmy Carter began his presidency with such great popularity and why,by the end of his term,he was widely unpopular.To what degree was the loss of popularity his fault and to what degree was it the result of forces beyond his control?
Q5) To what extent were America's troubles in the 1970s an aftermath of the Vietnam War?
Q6) Gerald Ford
Q7) Jimmy Carter
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Q1) George Herbert Walker Bush
Q2) Before being elected president,Ronald Reagan's experience in elected public office had been as
A) senator from California.
B) governor of California.
C) Orange County, California, supervisor.
D) governor of Nevada.
E) Washington lobbyist for General Electric.
Q3) Clarence Thomas
Q4) One of the greatest consequences of Reagan's expansion of the federal debt was to
A) make it harder to get private loans.
B) make foreigners reluctant to accept American bonds.
C) make new social spending practically and politically impossible.
D) undermine the value of the dollar overseas.
E) make further military spending impossible.
Q5) To what extent did the United States and the administrations of Reagan and Bush contribute to the collapse of the Soviet Union? To what extent was it product of internal changes in the Soviet Union itself,especially those sponsored by Mikhail Gorbachev?
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Chapter 41: America Confronts the Post-Cold War
Era,1992-2009
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Q1) Were there legitimate constitutional issues in the impeachment of President Clinton,or were the charges largely a case of "sexual McCarthyism"? How did the impeachment and acquittal affect Clinton's achievements and reputation as president?
Q2) John Ashcroft
Q3) To President George W.Bush,"the axis of evil" that menaced American security consisted of the nations of
A) France, Germany, and the Netherlands.
B) Russia, China, and Cuba.
C) Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria.
D) Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.
E) Sudan, Egypt, and Libya.
Q4) "axis of evil"
Q5) The original home of Osama bin Laden,the organizer of Al Qaeda and presumed organizer of the September 11 attacks,was
A) Yemen.
B) Iraq.
C) Iran.
D) Saudi Arabia.
E) Afghanistan.
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Chapter 42: The American People Face a New Century
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Q1) A few early-twentieth-century intellectuals like Horace Kallen and Randolph Bourne were advocates of
A) racial integration.
B) Eurocentrism.
C) cultural pluralism.
D) universal human rights.
E) the melting pot.
Q2) The first significant numbers of Mexican American immigrants to the United States came during the
A) aftermath of the Mexican War, 1850-1860.
B) era of the Mexican Revolution, 1910-1920.
C) Great Depression, 1930-1940.
D) aftermath of World War II, 1945-1955.
E) post-Vietnam War era, 1975-1985.
Q3) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Q4) National Endowment for the Arts
Q5) How has American democracy and popular culture affected the character of American literature and theater?
Q6) abstract expressionism
Q7) blogosphere
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