Introduction to Aging Studies
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Aging Studies explores the multifaceted process of aging from biological, psychological, social, and cultural perspectives. Students will examine the physiological changes associated with aging, the psychological adjustments individuals and their families make throughout the life course, and the impact of demographic shifts on society. The course highlights issues such as ageism, retirement, health care, and policy implications, providing a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with an aging population. Through interdisciplinary readings and discussions, students will gain insight into the personal and societal dimensions of growing older.
Recommended Textbook
Aging the Individual and Society 9th Edition by Susan M. Hillier
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15 Chapters
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Aging in America
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was an important cause of the change in society's attitudes toward the elderly in the 1800's?
A) urban and industrial growth
B) higher birthrates
C) religious freedom
D) advances in medicine
Answer: A
Q2) A person who fears the aged suffers from gerontophilia.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The number and proportion of older people in the U.S.is
A) gradually declining.
B) staying about the same.
C) rapidly increasing.
D) unknown.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Stereotypes and Images
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research about self-concepts of the elderly show
A) elders adjust best if they realize that they are not the same person they were in earlier life.
B) self-esteem inevitably declines as one's body ages.
C) identity development is based more on chronological time than particular events.
D) elders are less likely to identify as old if they identify as being who they have always been.
Answer: D
Q2) Pairing older adults with children to perform school-based tasks produced _________ in children's attitudes about the elderly.
A) no change
B) short-term changes that lasted less than a year
C) one-year but less than five-year changes
D) long-term (five year) changes
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: Social and Psychological Theories in Later Life Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) . Erikson's theory is unidirectional-once we have passed a stage,we can never revisit it.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Each of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development involve positive or negative resolution of
A) a developmental task or challenge.
B) an unconscious desire.
C) a moral dilemma.
D) an instinctual crisis.
Answer: A
Q3) Levinson's explains that through our life structure we are able to address the question,"What kind of person am I?"
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Physical Health and Well Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is considered as the risk factor for developing coronary heart disease?
A) lack of exercise
B) excess body fat
C) high LDL levels
D) low HDL levels
Q2) Most of the major health problems of old age result from the aging process,rather than the presence of diseases.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Women are more likely to live in poverty and have fewer chronic illnesses than men.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A longitudinal study of master athletes predicts that athletic performance will not decline significantly until age
A) 35.
B) 40.
C) 50.
D) 60.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Mental Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) If someone can not remember something,it means learning has not adequately occurred.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When a person who fears being robbed or mugged will not leave home,gets dozens of locks,and constantly checks them,he or she is most likely to suffer from
A) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B) a social phobia.
C) a depressive disorder.
D) generalized anxiety disorder.
Q3) What factors cause depression in older adults?
A) fear of death and constant pain
B) lost of self esteem and confidence
C) medications
D) all of these choices
Q4) Which of the following is LEAST likely to be affected by psychomotor speed?
A) recalling a happy event
B) playing tennis
C) dancing
D) turning off a light switch
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Friends,family,and Community
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Sample Questions
Q1) The baby boomers will be the first cohort in history that has less offspring than siblings.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How do sibling relationships of today's elderly differ from those of the past? Why are sibling relationships often important to the elderly?
Q3) Research suggest that,compared to grandparents in other societies,American grandparents
A) retain considerable authority over their grandchildren.
B) have more stiff and formal relationships with their grandchildren.
C) take direct responsibility for the behavior of their grandchildren.
D) play a background, supportive role, especially in times of crisis.
Q4) Research reports the bond of siblings to be ____________ than in the past.
A) more distant
B) more negative
C) less interested in one another
D) more forgiving
Q5) Describe the friendships,voluntary organizations,and other aspects of the social networks of the elderly and how they tend to change with age.
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Chapter 7: Intimacy and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) In their studies of sexuality,Masters and Johnson found that as men age
A) it takes longer for them to get an erection.
B) the erection is more firm.
C) ejaculation is more forceful.
D) the erection lasts longer after ejaculation.
Q2) Family sociologists agree that wives experience greater difficulty in coping with the death of a spouse.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A husband and wife's opportunity to share time and common interests that develop greater mutual respect and understanding
A) tends to increase over the time of the marriage.
B) resembles a bell curve over the time of the marriage, i.e., is highest in the middle years.
C) tends to decrease over the time of the marriage.
D) resembles an inverted bell curve over the time of the marriage, i.e., is lowest in the middle years.
Q4) How does retirement affect marriage,according to the research studies mentioned in your text?
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Chapter 8: Work and Leisure
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to your text,what year were 70% American men over the age of 65 employed?
A) 1900
B) 1963
C) 1976
D) 2001
Q2) Which of the following are reasons employers discriminate against older workers?
A) Younger workers will accept lower wages.
B) To protect a company's pension funds.
C) Older, tenured workers tend to receive higher salaries and more vacation time.
D) All of these choices.
Q3) Some common myths about older workers include all of the following EXCEPT
A) older workers cant produce as much as younger workers.
B) older workers don't work well with younger workers.
C) older workers are difficult to train.
D) older workers' work ethics change.
Q4) How are cohort differences likely to affect U.S.trends in retirement patterns?
Q5) What factors are contributing to the trend of early retirement?
Q6) What factors affect adjustment to and satisfaction with retirement?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Finances and Lifestyles
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Sample Questions
Q1) A reverse mortgage is only of value to those elderly who wish to remain in their home as long as possible.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
A) provides a minimum income for elders, the blind, and the disabled.
B) does not vary by state.
C) eligibility is based solely on income, not assets.
D) allows for special circumstances, such as illness of a spouse.
Q3) Congress established Medicare to pay for
A) most of the medical expenses due to long term, chronic conditions.
B) all of the cost of preventive health care checkups.
C) a portion of medical expenses due to the most serious illnesses.
D) all medical expenses of the elderly, blind, and disabled.
Q4) " Prisoners of paradise" is a label applied to elders in California
A) who have obtained reverse mortgages.
B) who have purchased single-family homes in retirement communities.
C) whose rent has escalated.
D) who purchase homes in areas at high-risk for hurricanes.
Q5) Why are elderly women more likely to be in poverty than elderly men?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Living Environments
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Sample Questions
Q1) A national study reveals that ______ percent of the population would rather die than move into a nursing home.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 20
D) over 30
Q2) Explain the pros and cons of age-segregated housing for elders.
Q3) In a study by Shea,et al._________ percent of nursing home residents receive mental health services.
A) fewer than 25
B) 33
C) 50
D) 75
Q4) In 2006,the percent increase in the 65-plus population was greatest in A) California.
B) Nevada.
C) Florida.
D) Arizona.
Q5) If you were choosing a nursing home for an aged relative,what things should you look for in a potential home?
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Chapter 11: The Oldest Old and Caregiving
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Q1) ______ of the oldest old need some help in doing personal activities of daily living,such as bathing,eating,dressing,toileting,and walking.
A) Less than half
B) Two-thirds
C) Three-fourths
D) Over 80 percent
Q2) Which of the following activities is included in the Activities of Daily Living Index (ADL)?
A) bathing
B) preparing meals
C) using the telephone without help
D) doing own housework
Q3) What problems confront elders who are caregivers to adult children and grandchildren?
Q4) Among the oldest old,evaluations of life satisfaction seem to depend on A) trust.
B) a sense of self-efficacy.
C) religion.
D) lack of worry.
Q5) Why is parental caregiving so difficult for middle-age daughters?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Special Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The vehicle of choice for fraud today is
A) door-to-door sales.
B) telephones.
C) e-mail scams.
D) television ads.
Q2) Which of the following is LEAST likely to explain abuse of the elderly by a caregiver?
A) excessive demands of an elderly parent
B) caregiver inexperience
C) a blaming personality
D) a family history of violence
Q3) Risk factors for alcoholism in later life include all of the following EXCEPT
A) being an older woman.
B) personal history of excessive alcohol consumption.
C) increased central nervous system sensitivity to alcohol.
D) discretionary time and money or opportunities to drink.
Q4) Explain the theoretical reasons and the risk factors that lead to abuse of the elderly.
Q5) What have some city and state governments done to help protect the elderly from criminal victimization?
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Chapter 13: Women and Ethnic Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) What factors contribute to neglect and hardship of Asian-American elders? What aspects of Japanese,Chinese,and Southeast Asian cultures help Asian American elders?
Q2) The low use of long-term care by African Americans can be explained almost wholly by the preference of African Americans to care for elders within their families.
A)True B)False
Q3) The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 made the Chinese immigrants illegals. A)True B)False
Q4) According to the double standard of aging,
A) men are viewed as less virile or sexually attractive after the age of 40.
B) after the age 65, women are judged by a different standard of beauty than they were before the age of 65.
C) the standard of aging for a women progressively destroys her self-worth, whereas it is less wounding for men.
D) both men and women are viewed as less physically attractive and sexually desirable as they age.
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Chapter 14: Death and Dying
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do reminiscence and a life review help elderly cope with dying?
Q2) The happy death movement
A) encourages the dying person to be stoic and strong.
B) presents the view that dying is a learning, growing, and positive experience.
C) provides the patient with the greatest degree of choice in their mental preparation for death.
D) is supported by virtually all cultures represented in the U.S.
Q3) If,after hearing all the treatment options,a cancer patient decides against surgery,radiation,and chemotherapy,
A) the doctor can force the patient to choose one of the options because he must follow the Hippocratic Oath.
B) that patient is exercising his or her "informed consent to treatment" option.
C) that physician is obligated to contact immediate family members to review the options with the patient.
D) the patient is violating the law, because cancer treatment is not considered an extraordinary life support.
Q4) All fifty states have legislation allowing for living wills.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Politics, policies, and Programs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately _____ percent of Americans over age 50 are registered to vote,compared with an overall national figure of near 75 percent.
A) 60
B) 70
C) 80
D) 90
Q2) Elderhostel,now known as Exploritis,
A) hires rural people age 55 and over to work in public projects involving landscaping, horticulture, and highway maintenance.
B) focuses on life long learning opportunities for older adults.
C) is an organization of low-cost dormitory-type hotels for elderly people that offer communal cooking and laundry facilities.
D) is a national park program that hires the elderly as guides, educators, and actors in living history dramas.
Q3) The National Institute of Senior Centers is sponsored by the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP).
A)True
B)False
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