Interpersonal Relations
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Interpersonal Relations explores the dynamics of communication, behavior, and emotional intelligence that shape the way individuals interact with one another in personal, professional, and social settings. The course covers foundational theories of human interaction, the impact of culture and personality on relationships, conflict resolution strategies, and the development of effective listening and empathy skills. Through case studies, group projects, and practical exercises, students learn to analyze relationship patterns and develop strategies to foster positive, productive connections in diverse contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology and Human Nature Comprehensive Edition 4th Edition by Roy F. Baumeister
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Mission and the Method
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Sample Questions
Q1) "An idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but not yet proven" is known as a(n) ____.
A) hypothesis
B) theory
C) ad hoc test
D) independent variable
Answer: A
Q2) Laela is interested in studying how our thoughts and behaviors are influenced by the groups to which we belong. Laela's work will MOST closely intersect with which other social science?
A) economics
B) sociology
C) neuroscience
D) history
Answer: B
Q3) If you conduct a study and predict that excessive computer use causes social awkwardness, then social awkwardness is the ____________________ variable.
Answer: dependent
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3
Chapter 2: Culture and Nature
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Sample Questions
Q1) The automatic system is ____.
A) incapable of experiencing emotions or having thoughts
B) incapable of experiencing emotions but is capable of having thoughts
C) capable of experiencing emotions but is incapable of having thoughts
D) capable both of experiencing emotions and of having thoughts
Answer: D
Q2) Social animal is to cultural animal as ____ is to ____.
A) compromise; moral principles
B) law; aggression
C) aggression; compromise
D) moral principles; law
Answer: C
Q3) According to evolutionary theory, men should generally be more interested in ____ than women.
A) short-term sexual relationships
B) same-sex sexual relationships
C) passing their genes down to future generations
D) same-sex friendships
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self-presentation is best defined as any behavior that is ____ intended to make ____ impression on others.
A) consciously; some sort of B) consciously; a positive
C) consciously or unconsciously; some sort of D) consciously or unconsciously; a positive
Answer: C
Q2) Research on self-esteem indicates that ____.
A) if anything, self-esteem in the U.S. (for everyone) is unrealistically high
B) African Americans, as a group, have significantly lower self-esteem than do white Americans, as a group
C) adolescent girls have extremely low self-esteem levels, while adolescent boys have more or less average self-esteem levels
D) women actually have higher self-esteem levels than men do
Answer: A
Q3) Although his job as an art instructor does not pay very well, Larry really loves his work and loves how it makes him feel. Social psychologists would say that Larry's job is ________________ rewarding.
Answer: intrinsically
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Choices and Actions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does research suggest about the mindset of people who are suicidal? In particular, where do suicidal people stand in terms of their self-awareness, their level of emotionality, and the levels of meaning at which they are thinking?
Q2) Most research focuses on the ____ step of decision-making, which involves ____.
A) first; whittling the full range of choices down to a limited few B) first; carefully considering a few top options
C) second; whittling the full range of choices down to a limited few D) second; carefully considering a few top options
Q3) When people are asked to list their current goals and personal projects, the average list contains ____.
A) no items (most people do not have well-formulated goals at any given time)
B) one to two items
C) roughly four to seven items
D) about 15 items
Q4) How are habits related to the different processing systems humans use?
Q5) When pursuit of a goal has been interrupted, and people experience automatic, intrusive thoughts about that goal, they are said to be experiencing the ________________ effect.
Q6) Habits are primarily influenced by the ________________ system.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Social Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) In his research, Malle concluded that there is ____.
A) no consistent tendency for observers to make stronger dispositional attributions than actors
B) strong evidence for the actor-observer bias
C) no such thing as social cognition, and psychology should return to its behaviorist roots
D) no need to distinguish between drawing conclusions about self versus others
Q2) Jason is buying a new iPhone this semester, as are most of his friends. According to Malle's work on attribution, what will Jason most likely think when he sees his friends buying an iPhone?
A) "Maybe I won't buy the iPhone."
B) "I want to be just like them!"
C) "What a bunch of conformists!"
D) "My friends have done their research."
Q3) The Stroop test is a psychological test that highlights the ____.
A) distinction between automatic thinking and deliberate thinking
B) tendency for ironic processes to occur in the wake of attempted thought suppressions
C) fact that thinking is guided by three different types of goals
D) tendency for people to make the fundamental attribution error
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Emotion and Affect
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain what the objective roots of happiness are based on current research described in your text.
Q2) According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, the relationship between arousal and performance can be described by a(n) ____.
A) positive linear function (more arousal leads to better performance)
B) negative linear function (less arousal leads to better performance)
C) positive exponential function (more arousal leads to better and better performance; a lot of arousal leads to tremendously good performance)
D) inverted U-shaped function (more arousal leads to better performance, but only up to a point; too much arousal can hinder performance)
Q3) Routinely repressing, or seeking to conceal, feelings of anger is MOST associated with an increased risk of ____.
A) suicide
B) heart disease
C) depression
D) anxiety disorders
Q4) Emotions are inner processes that help promote ________________ relations.
Q5) How does disgust act as a behavioral immune system?
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Chapter 7: Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency
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Sample Questions
Q1) One technique that advertisers often use to influence consumers is celebrity endorsement. The logic works like this: If people like Catherine Zeta-Jones and repeatedly see T-Mobile products together with Catherine Zeta-Jones, then people will learn to associate T-Mobile with her and will in turn like T-Mobile more. That is, celebrity endorsement is expected to lead to ____.
A) operant conditioning
B) classical conditioning
C) vicarious learning
D) observational learning
Q2) Research on effort justification and cognitive dissonance theory most directly suggests that ____.
A) fraternity "hazing" is an effective way to promote group loyalty
B) most people engage in social loafing
C) twelve-person juries are likely to come up with different verdicts than are juries with four or fewer people
D) most people look to others when deciding how to behave in a group context
Q3) The ease with which an attitude comes to mind is called ________________.
Q4) Discuss cognitive dissonance theory. What does the theory say, and what kinds of predictions does it make?
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Chapter 8: Social Influence and Persuasion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared to people with low intelligence, people with moderately high levels of intelligence tend to be ____ when they encounter persuasive messages.
A) more receptive and more yielding
B) more receptive but less yielding
C) less receptive but more yielding
D) less receptive and less yielding
Q2) Research has shown that fear-based appeals are especially effective when ____.
A) particularly horrifying photos are shown
B) people are already very frightened
C) people are unfamiliar with the issue being addressed
D) written warnings are accompanied by pictures
Q3) Suppose that two political candidates-Candidate A and Candidate B-run a series of negative advertisements about one another. Research suggests that ____.
A) both candidates are likely to be rated more positively than they were before B) people are less likely to say they will vote
C) people are more likely to say they will vote
D) people are more likely to pay close attention to the election
Q4) The labeling technique is based on ________________ principles.
Q5) Describe three strategies for resisting persuasion.
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Chapter 9: Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others
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Q1) According to the textbook authors, social psychologists have long viewed conformity as ____; newer research ____.
A) having positive consequences; indicates that it is usually antisocial B) having positive consequences; confirms this
C) having negative consequences; indicates that it is usually prosocial
D) having negative consequences; confirms this
Q2) The management at Nargis's company tends to be fair. They treat people with respect, they do not make unrealistic demands on their employees, and they reward people appropriately. As a result, Nargis and her co-workers tend to be good "____"; they help one another out and they speak respectfully of their jobs.
A) worker bees
B) company citizens
C) serfs
D) management pawns
Q3) Describe the features that tend to promote cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma game.
Q4) Marcie is at the pool and her little boy has struck his head on the diving board and is injured. What should Marcie do to make sure her son receives the help he needs? Why?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Aggression and Antisocial Behavior
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Q1) Psychologists use the term ____ to describe the sense of anonymity that often arises when people are in large groups, and which makes people especially likely to engage in aggressive, destructive behavior.
A) avoidance
B) deindividuation
C) running amok
D) antisocialization
Q2) Instinct theories argue that aggression is ____________________.
Q3) The main difference between the hostile perception bias and the hostile attribution bias is that the former concerns ____ while the latter concerns ____.
A) events external to you as well as events that occur to you; just events that occur to you
B) emotions; cognitions
C) sensory experiences; interpretations of information
D) what might happen in the future; what has already happened
Q4) What does social psychological research say about the impact of violent media on aggressive behavior? Discuss all of the key conclusions from this research.
Q5) Why should aggression be understood as a form of social influence?
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Chapter 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ricky tried to dye his hair black but left the dye on too long; clumps of his hair fell out completely, leaving weird bald patches on his scalp. The kids at school snickered at him, ignored him, and avoided him at lunchtime for a couple of weeks. After that, though, everyone forgot about it. Thus Ricky was subjected to a short-term bout of ____.
A) social ostracism
B) social ingratiation
C) the social allergy effect
D) the bad apple effect
Q2) The matching hypothesis states that people tend to form relationships with others who are similar to them in terms of ____.
A) attractiveness
B) values
C) demographics (age, ethnicity, social class, education, etc.)
D) fertility
Q3) Compared to others, people who identify themselves as lonely tend to ____.
A) eat well and drink moderately in anticipation of future interactions
B) cope with stress better because they can focus on the issue more
C) take longer to recover from illnesses and injuries
D) have poorer social skills
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Swann's (1985, 1987) research suggests that people want others to see them ____. A) in an idealized light B) as they truly are C) in a negative light D) as physically attractive
Q2) The tendency for the sex drive to be shaped and altered by social, cultural, and situational factors is known as ________________.
Q3) Regarding yourself as a good person "as is" is known as ________________.
Q4) According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, the three ingredients in love are passion, commitment, and ________________.
Q5) Suppose that you are at a party and you meet a psychologist who says that she studied under one of the most well-known developmental psychologists of the World War II era-a man who helped to formulate early work on attachment theory. Thinking back to your reading on attachment theory, you would be correct to reply, "Of course, you must be speaking of ____."
A) Daryl Bem
B) Robert Sternberg
C) John Bowlby
D) Sigmund Freud
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Chapter 13: Prejudice and Intergroup Relations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Christian constantly complains about immigrants and blames them for problems he encounters at work, for personal financial problems, and even for personal romantic problems. As he sees it, virtually everything is "their fault." Not surprisingly, and in part as a result of this pattern of blaming, Christian also holds a rather negative view of immigrant groups. Which of the following best captures Christian's pattern of behavior?
A) aversive prejudice
B) the confirmation bias
C) scapegoat theory
D) the self-serving bias
Q2) Aversive racists simultaneously hold egalitarian ____ and negative ____ toward people of other races
A) feelings; cognitions
B) values; feelings
C) cognitions; values
D) feelings; values
Q3) Describe the strategies available to overcome stereotypes and reduce prejudice.
Q4) Stereotypes are generally quite inaccurate.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the language of social facilitation theory, the so-called dominant response is
A) the response that is most common for a given person in a given situation
B) the response that is most common among most people in most situations
C) the response that is most socially valued within a given situation
D) an aggressive response
Q2) Why do corporations like teamwork?
A) Teams are typically less financially costly.
B) Teams typically produce outstanding ideas.
C) Teams typically make the best decisions.
D) Teams typically benefit employees psychologically.
Q3) Given Max Ringelmann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group or a two-person group?
A) Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the five-person group.
B) Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the two-person group.
C) No, we should expect her to work equally hard in both groups.
D) This is impossible to determine; it appears that there are no predictable patterns regarding group size and individual effort.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research indicates that credit card debt is most related to ____.
A) impulsive buying
B) general self-destructiveness
C) a tendency to feel generally out of control
D) time orientation
Q2) Which explanation of conspicuous consumption fits with terror management theory?
A) Acquisition of material things helps humans feel their existence extends beyond death.
B) Purchasing things lowers arousal and reduces terror.
C) Purchasing things increases arousal and helps one combat terror.
D) Acquisition of material things help a person establish their social identity.
Q3) The term ____ refers to selling or giving a previously purchased product to someone else to use for its intended purpose.
A) lateral cycling
B) e-commerce
C) social currency
D) guerilla consumption
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Chapter 16: Applying Social Psychology to Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ applied the concept of homeostasis to the study of human interactions with the environment.
A) Richard Lazarus
B) Walter Cannon
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Carl Rogers
Q2) The Student Stress Scale assesses a person's stress level by ____.
A) gauging basic lifestyle habits (e.g., hours of sleep received per night)
B) taking a read of various physical phenomena that are known to be stress-related (e.g., headaches, teeth-grinding)
C) asking questions about a person's mood and emotions
D) taking an inventory of recent life changes a person has experienced
Q3) When we believe the event will be extremely demanding and will put us at risk for damage, we make a(n) ____ appraisal.
A) caution
B) alert
C) danger
D) threat
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18
Chapter 17: Applying Social Psychology to the Workplace
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Q1) If an employee compares how much effort he puts in at work and feels undercompensated for that effort, he may reduce his effort in the future, according to ____.
A) job satisfaction theory
B) equity theory
C) transformational leadership theory
D) ONET theory
Q2) According to ____ theory, employees compare their inputs (the work they do) to their outcomes (salary and other compensation).
A) procedural justice
B) social comparison
C) equity
D) beneficence
Q3) The process organizations use to identify potential employees for a job is ____.
A) job analysis
B) organizational socialization
C) recruitment
D) performance review
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Chapter 18: Applying Social Psychology to the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) Delaying a trial is known as a(n) ____.
A) change of venue
B) continuance
C) foil
D) blank lineup
Q2) What is an example of a system variable that might lead to inaccuracies in eyewitness identifications in lineups?
A) The number of people chosen to appear in the lineup alongside the suspect
B) Whether the eyewitness is confident about his or her identification of the eyewitness during the lineup procedure
C) Whether the eyewitness and the criminal are of the same race/ethnicity
D) Whether the witness is confident about the original statement that he or she gave to the police
Q3) When instructions to individuals viewing the lineup include a warning that the perpetrator may not be in the lineup, there is a(n) ____.
A) decrease in the number of correct identifications made by witnesses
B) increase in the number of correct identifications made by witnesses
C) decrease in the number of mistaken identifications made by witnesses
D) increase in the number of mistaken identifications made by witnesses
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Applying Social Psychology to the Environment
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Q1) People are less likely to engage in the commons dilemma when ____.
A) they communicate with others
B) others are behaving badly
C) they are anonymous
D) they are highly self-interested
Q2) Research suggests that ____ can negatively impact employee work performance.
A) climate and noise (but not pollution)
B) noise (but not climate or pollution)
C) pollution and noise (but not climate)
D) climate, pollution, and noise
Q3) Personalization-for example putting up pictures and cartoons in one's cubicle at work-is an example of ____.
A) marking one's territory
B) establishing one's personal space
C) claiming one's public space
D) planned obsolescence
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