International Political Economy
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
International Political Economy explores the complex interactions between politics and economics on a global scale. The course examines how states and markets influence each other, analyzing key concepts such as trade policy, international finance, globalization, and development. Students will study the roles of international institutions, multinational corporations, and national governments in shaping economic outcomes. Through historical and contemporary case studies, the course investigates issues such as trade disputes, currency crises, and the impact of economic policies on global inequality, offering tools to understand the dynamics of economic power and decision-making in the international system.
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World Politics 4th Edition by Jeffry A. Frieden
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Shaped Our World
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Q1) What are some current challenges that threaten the United States' dominance in world politics?
Answer: Answers may include the relevance of the third world,conflicts such as those in Iraq and Afghanistan,terrorism (e.g. ,ISIS,Al Qaeda),the rise of China and increasing territorial conflict in Asia,Russia's rise and aggression in Eastern Europe,and the uncertainty of economic integration and regional trade (e.g. ,EU,NAFTA).
Q2) Which of the following factors aided global trade during the Pax Britannica?
A)Creation of the railroad
B)Creation of the steamship
C)Adoption of the gold standard
D)All of these are correct.
Answer: D
Q3) Developing countries created the nonaligned movement during the Cold War because they:
A)opposed communist expansion in the third world.
B)wanted to create closer ties with the Soviet Union.
C)wanted to create closer ties with the United States.
D)wanted to promote international economic development.
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Understanding Interests, interactions, and Institutions
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Q1) A person goes to college with the hope of improving his or her earning power and future income upon graduation.This is an example of which type of goal that an actor might have?
A)Security
B)Material welfare
C)Ideological
D)Power
Answer: B
Q2) Which is the best definition of a public good?
A)A benefit that is paid for by the government out of tax dollars collected from the general public
B)A product created by public agencies for the use of all citizens of a country
C)A product that cannot be withheld from anyone and whose use does not prohibit anyone else from enjoying it
D)The supplies that governments provide for infrastructure projects
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Why Are There Wars
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Q1) When two states decide to bargain:
A)they agree to divide the disputed good equally.
B)both agree to reject taking intransigent,all-or-nothing positions while negotiating.
C)both agree to reject the option of going to war over the conflict.
D)one state might end up giving in to all of the demands of the other.
Answer: D
Q2) Describe three mechanisms that states can use to make their threats more credible. Answer: Three mechanisms are brinkmanship,tying hands,and paying for power.
Q3) A state's preferred outcome or settlement of a dispute is known as:
A)an ideal point.
B)a crisis.
C)a bargain.
D)diplomacy.
Answer: A
Q4) Why is war a relatively rare occurrence?
Answer: Given the relatively high costs of war,a bargain often exists that both states will prefer to war.
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Chapter 4: Domestic Politics and War
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Q1) What is the "democratic peace"?
A)Countries with democratic governments are less likely to experience civil unrest than countries with autocratic governments.
B)Autocratic countries avoid going to war with democratic countries.
C)Democratic countries are less likely than autocratic countries to go to war with any country.
D)Countries with democratic governments are less likely to go to war with other democracies.
Q2) How would we expect a world full of stable democracies to look?
A)Chaotic
B)No different
C)Peaceful
D)Conflictual
Q3) Explain how and to what extent the military can influence foreign policy decisions.
Q4) How does democratic accountability help explain the democratic peace phenomenon?
Q5) How could economic development explain the observation that democracies rarely if ever fight each other?
Q6) How might electoral institutions minimize the influence of small groups?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: International Institutions and War
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Q1) Why has NATO survived after the end of the Cold War?
Q2) Why is Srebrenica an example of the limitations of United Nations peacekeeping?
A)United Nations peacekeepers could not effectively monitor elections to ensure their fairness.
B)The United Nations could not convince any countries to contribute troops to a peacekeeping mission in Srebrenica.
C)United Nations safe havens proved to be breeding grounds for transnational terrorist groups.
D)United Nations peacekeepers could not prevent Serbian forces from massacring 7,000 Muslim men and boys.
Q3) In which of the following ways might states attempt to create a balance of power in the international system?
A)States might use their offensive capabilities to crush a stronger opponent.
B)States might use their offensive capabilities to crush an opponent of equal strength.
C)States might form alliances with other states to match the capabilities of a stronger state.
D)States might pass the buck and wait for other states to balance threats.
Q4) How did alliances contribute to the "Long Peace" of the twentieth century?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Violence by Nonstate Actors: Civil War and Terrorism
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Q1) A rebel group hiding its true strength is likely to cause what problems for bargaining?
A)Information asymmetries
B)Commitment problems
C)Issue indivisibilities
D)International intervention
Q2) Threatening to destroy a national monument unless a state reverses a particular policy is an example of which terrorist tactic?
A)Coercion
B)Outbidding
C)Provocation
D)Propagandizing
Q3) In what ways are rebels and terrorists similar? In what ways are they different?
Q4) Which of the following is an example of insurgent methods?
A)Taking the enemy's territory and expanding once that foothold is established
B)Growing a well-groomed and official-looking military
C)Capturing enemy buildings and cities
D)Attacking a government building and then disappearing back into the city
Q5) What characteristics of a state make civil war more likely,and why?
Q6) Why did the civil war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo last so long?
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Chapter 7: International Trade
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of "reciprocity" in international trade?
A)Most of the countries in the European Union have adopted the same currency.
B)France reduced tariffs on wheat imports after Great Britain reduced tariffs on wheat imports.
C)A majority of the world's countries have joined the World Trade Organization.
D)Oil-producing states cooperate on how much oil they will export.
Q2) The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)was replaced by which of the following organizations?
A)The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
B)The World Bank (WB)
C)The Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
D)The World Trade Organization (WTO)
Q3) Which of the following describes comparative advantage?
A)A country specializing in what they do most well or least poorly
B)A country producing everything better than other countries
C)The advantage that countries that export many products have over more specialized economies
D)The ability of workers in industrialized economies to work more efficiently than those in developing countries
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Page 9
Chapter 8: International Financial Relations
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of the clash of interests between borrowers and lenders?
A)The Chilean government demanded that the Anaconda Copper Company share more of its profits with the government,which its shareholders resisted.
B)Mexico borrowed money from the United States during the 1994 Peso Crisis and then paid it back.
C)Because international companies show little interest in the country,Ghana encourages investment in its textile industries through its Ghana Investment Promotion Centre.
D)Since Botswana had little infrastructure when it became independent,the country paid foreign companies to build highways and railroads.
Q2) Where did the 2008 financial crisis originate?
A)The United States
B)Mexico
C)Japan
D)Greece
Q3) Why do multinational corporations decide to invest abroad rather than relying solely on exporting their products?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: International Monetary Relations
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Q1) How did interests,institutions,and interactions contribute to the success and failure of the Bretton Woods System?
Q2) Why do currency crises occur?
Q3) Why was the Bretton Woods System a compromise?
A)Countries agreed to go back on a gold standard if the United States forgave their war debts.
B)The system combined a fixed exchange rate with the flexibility of exchange rate changes during crises.
C)The system provided for periodic adjustments of the price of the U.S.dollar while European countries kept their currencies pegged to a gold standard.
D)The system combined freely floating exchange rates with the creation of the International Monetary Fund to avoid currency crises.
Q4) How did domestic interests and international conditions affect the adoption of the euro?
Q5) Explain how an international monetary system is a public good.
Q6) Why would a country want its currency to float? Why might the country instead prefer it to be fixed in value with a nearby nation's currency?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Development: Causes of the Wealth and Poverty of Nations
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Q1) Which of the following would be a policy consistent with ISI?
A)Ghana attempts to reduce its dependence on imported oil by developing alternative energy sources.
B)Malaysia reduces regulations on its banks to encourage investment.
C)China keeps its currency undervalued to make Chinese exports cheaper.
D)Brazil places tariffs on cars made in the United States.
Q2) What has happened to the proportion of the world's population living in abject poverty?
A)The proportion of the world's population living in abject poverty has declined since the 1980s.
B)Economic growth has increased so much that almost none of the world's population lives in abject poverty.
C)The proportion of the world's population living in abject poverty has increased slightly.
D)The proportion of the world's population living in abject poverty has stayed the same.
Q3) Explain Raúl Prebisch's theory about the terms of trade for less developed countries and their effect on the development policies implemented by poor countries.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: International Law and Norms
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Q1) What is one example of state failure to comply with international law as a result of lack of capacity?
A)Compliance with the Geneva Conventions is difficult because states do not have adequate control over the behavior of their soldiers in the battlefield.
B)Compliance with the Kyoto Protocol is difficult because states do not understand the treaty's requirements.
C)Compliance with the World Trade Organization is difficult because states do not equally share the benefits of cooperation.
D)Compliance with the International Monetary Fund is difficult because of the unequal voting arrangement in the organization.
Q2) How are norms created in the international system?
A)By two states establishing a treaty
B)When an international institution proposes a set of radical procedures for states to follow
C)When a sufficiently large number of states agree upon expectations of behavior
D)When a hegemon declares something to be morally right or justified
Q3) How do transnational advocacy networks (TANs)enforce compliance with norms?
Q4) How do TANs act as endorsers of international agreements?
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Human Rights
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Q1) Which of the following illustrates the behavior of a state signing an international human rights treaty for its expressive value?
A)A country doesn't sign an international human rights treaty because it already protects rights.
B)A rights-respecting country fails to sign an international human rights treaty because of domestic opposition.
C)A rights-violating country signs an international human rights treaty to take a position on human rights,with little intention to respect rights.
D)A rights-violating country fails to sign an international human rights treaty because it does not intend to follow through on its commitment.
Q2) How did transnational advocacy networks (TANs)affect the campaign against apartheid in South Africa?
Q3) How did the concept of human rights develop? What were some of the first international treaties that guaranteed the protection of rights,and what types of rights were included in these treaties?
Q4) Why are human rights controversial? What explains the lack of consensus on human rights internationally?
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Chapter 13: The Global Environment
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Q1) What role did environmental groups play in getting a ban on commercial whaling enacted?
A)They had only a small role because states were going to support the ban for other reasons.
B)They pushed the United Nations to hold an environmental conference on the issue.
C)They created an international code of conduct for whalers that convinced them to stop hunting whales.
D)They encouraged nonwhaling states to join the International Whaling Commission (IWC)and to vote for the ban.
Q2) What is the conflict between economic development and environmental well-being? Is there a compromise between these competing interests? Should the way this compromise is addressed vary between developed and developing countries?
Q3) Which of the following is an example of an externality?
A)Bees kept to make honey pollinate plants belonging to a nearby farmer.
B)Smoke from a chimney backs up into a house.
C)A landowner fishes from her pond.
D)A company adopts technology that reduces the possibility of toxic waste spills.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: The Future of International Politics
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Questions
Q1) What historical evidence suggests that China's rise might lead to conflict? What evidence suggests it might be peaceful?
Q2) The broad appeal of the postwar order lies in its:
A)even distribution of economic and political benefits.
B)decrease in civil violence.
C)preservation of prewar political institutions.
D)reduction of interstate war.
Q3) What evidence suggests that a backlash against globalization could lead to a substantial reduction in market integration?
Q4) Which of the following strategies would a country use to ensure that it has a survivable second-strike force?
A)Devote a large portion of its budget to training soldiers
B)Put weapons on submarines
C)Create fallout shelters in major cities
D)Build strong defenses on its borders
Q5) In what ways is the current level of globalization likely to be robust to populist backlash against it?
Q6) How does the postwar order represent U.S.interests?
Q7) How should U.S.policy makers respond to growing Chinese power?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Introduction
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Q1) Why might the last century be considered the most prosperous time in world history?
A)The richest one percent of the world's population owns only half of the global wealth.
B)Only 10 percent of the world's population lives on less than $2 a day.
C)There have been dramatic improvements in living standards globally.
D)The United Nations has maintained world peace and stability since it was created in 1945.
Q2) According to constructivists,which of the following factors explains interactions between actors?
A)Norms
B)Scarcity
C)Cooperation
D)Anarchy
Q3) What is anarchy for realists?
A)The lack of coordination in the international system
B)A lack of moral code
C)A lack of ethics for states
D)The lack of central authority to make and enforce laws upon states
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Chapter 16: Foundations, War, and Peace
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Q1) War is more likely when:
A)states can easily spy on other states and evaluate their military capabilities.
B)leaders effectively communicate their resolve to their opponents.
C)there are rapid changes in the military balance between two countries.
D)military technology makes defensive fortifications extremely effective against attack.
Q2) Which of the following examples would be an interstate war?
A)The South Vietnamese insurgency fighting the government of Vietnam
B)Iraq attacking Kuwait
C)The United Nations sending peacekeepers to Sierra Leone
D)Sunni and Shiite militias fighting each other in Iraq
Q3) The proliferation of democratic institutions may reduce the likelihood of war because democracies:
A)do not have conflicts of interest.
B)always fulfill commitments.
C)are more transparent than non-democracies.
D)All of these are correct.
Q4) How does the bargaining model apply to civil war?
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18
Chapter 17: International Political Economy, Transnational
Politics, and Looking Ahead
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Q1) Why has foreign aid been unable to promote development effectively?
A)The amount of foreign aid given by developed countries is small.
B)Foreign aid mostly goes to countries that are already developed.
C)The amount of foreign aid given is too large for developing countries to know what to do with it.
D)Developed countries have stopped giving out foreign aid.
Q2) A non-specific and aspirational international law is best described as a:
A)"soft" law.
B)"hard" law.
C)voluntary law.
D)customary international law.
Q3) Why might trade be more effective at addressing poverty in developing countries than foreign aid?
A)Aid can undermine the development of effective political institutions.
B)Developing countries have historically taken a greater absolute share of the gains from trade than developed countries.
C)Aid targeted at delivery of medicine and education in poor areas has not shown any success.
D)Trade benefits are distributed equitably within developing societies.
Page 19
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