International Business Strategy
Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
International Business Strategy explores the frameworks, tools, and concepts necessary for firms to compete effectively in the global marketplace. The course examines how organizations formulate and implement strategies for international expansion, navigate cross-border challenges, and adapt to diverse economic, cultural, and regulatory environments. Through case studies and analytical models, students learn to assess global opportunities, manage international operations, and build sustainable competitive advantages in rapidly evolving global industries.
Recommended Textbook
Global Marketing 8th Edition by Warren J.
Keegan
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Global Marketing
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Q1) Slumdog Millionaire,a movie which received several awards and an Oscar in 2009,was filmed on a location in and around:
A) London.
B) San Francisco.
C) Cancun.
D) Mumbai.
E) Moscow.
Answer: D
Q2) In an effort to "Americanize" the sound of the Beatles' recordings,a studio effect known as reverb was added to some tracks.From the global marketing perspective,what does this change represent?
Answer: The early albums released in the United Kingdom differed from releases in the United States as well as in other countries.EMI sent master tapes to various countries,often customizing them at the request of the local company.Reverb makes a dry (unprocessed)sound compared to the wetter echo-like sound preferred by Americans.In addition,some of the original mono and stereo tracks were remixed for the American market.Converting it to suit the local market is referred to as both product adaptation and product extension.
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Chapter 2: The Global Economic Environment
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Q1) Product and market opportunities in a postindustrial society are more heavily dependent upon new products and innovations than in industrial societies.An example of this would be:
A) Nestlé marketing Bono brand cookies in Brazil.
B) Coca-Cola Company developing a beverage Vintago in low-income countries.
C) New e-commerce markets for interactive forms of electronic communication.
D) Hermes creating handbags called Amazonia.
E) India's Suzlon Energy using wind-driven turbines.
Answer: C
Q2) President Franklin Roosevelt launched the Works Progress Administration (WPA)which put millions of Americans back to work.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Product and market opportunities in postindustrial society are heavily dependent upon new products and innovations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: The Global Trade Environment
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Q1) Why do some critics refer to GATT as the "General Agreement to Talk and Talk" and how does its successor,WTO,provide a better forum for trade agreements?
Answer: GATT was an organization that was handling 300 trade disputes during its half century of existence.It itself had no enforcement power,and the process of dealing with disputes stretched for years.The losing party had the right to ignore the ruling.Therefore,it was referred to as more of a talking rather than enforcing body.WTO provides a forum for trade-related negotiations among its 150 members.The WTO has a Dispute Settlement Body (DSB)that mediates complaints concerning unfair trade barriers and other issues between the WTO's member countries.During a sixty-day consultation period,parties to a complaint are expected to engage in good-faith negotiations and reach an amicable resolution.If that fails,the complainant can ask the DSB to appoint a three-member panel of trade experts to hear the case.The panel has nine months within which to issue its ruling.The losing party has the option of turning to a seven-member appellate body.If,after due process,a country's trade policies are found to violate WTO rules,it is expected to change those policies.If changes are not forthcoming,the WTO can authorize trade sanctions against the loser.Thus,the formation of WTO took care of many of the problems that existed during GATT.
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Chapter 4: Social and Cultural Environments
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Q1) Hofstede considers culture as "the collective programming of the mind," which makes it necessary to look at the attitudes,beliefs,and values.Giving an example of a country,explain how these attributes are so important.
Q2) The cultural environment of a country is best defined by which characteristics?
A) standard of living and stage of economic development
B) production process and standards of measurement
C) attitudes, beliefs, and values
D) degree of nationalism and economic community membership
E) fast food culture and slow food culture
Q3) Anheuser-Busch and Miller Brewing both experienced market failures in the United Kingdom when they used the phrase "light beer" which was misinterpreted as:
A) being low in calories.
B) having reduced alcohol levels.
C) having light color.
D) having less quality.
E) having less quantity.
Q4) Competitive bidding is most likely to be infrequent in a low-context culture.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: The Political, Legal, and Regulatory
Environments
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Q1) In Saudi Arabia,the Communication and Information Technology Commission (CITC)was ready to restrict BlackBerry services citing security concerns since the location of RIM (Research in Motion)servers were in Canada.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When many nations reach advanced stages of economic development,their governments declare that any practice or policy that restrains free trade is legal.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In December 2012,President Barack Obama signed the Russia and Moldova Jackson-Vanik Repeal and Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act.What does this law entail and how does it affect Russia-U.S.relationship?
Q4) If a foreign company is taken over by the host country government,and some form of compensation is paid,"confiscation" has occurred.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Global Information Systems and Market Research
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Q1) Which of the following is not recommended by expert David Arnold for companies engaged in global market research?
A) use multiple indicators
B) develop customized measures specific to an industry or product
C) conduct comparative assessments in neighboring countries
D) observation should be weighted more heavily than statements of purchase intention
E) assess a particular market in isolation
Q2) Many of the fast food operations are entering markets in Middle Eastern countries.In the United States,breakfast items are very popular and are responsible for a bulk of profit from sales,primarily through drive-in customers.However,to their dismay,managers found that there was practically no demand for breakfast items.Firstly,due to hot weather conditions,people sleep late and wake up late.Secondly,they do not eat burgers,and sausage or bacon is prohibited food.Also,drive-in business is not popular since people go to work at different periods of time.Explain the possible reason(s)behind such a decision and account for its/their failure.
Q3) A latent market is,in essence,an undiscovered market segment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning
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Q1) When assessing potential country target markets,management should rely heavily on its network of contacts as a primary criterion for targeting.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the cosmetics industry,Unilever pursues differentiated global marketing strategies by targeting both ends of the perfume market.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The efforts of global companies to reach low-income consumers in emerging markets highlight the importance of skillful global market segmentation and targeting.Market segmentation represents:
A) targeting prospective customers.
B) finding customers who can respond to advertisement.
C) promoting products and services internationally.
D) identifying customers who can help in promoting products.
E) an effort to identify and categorize customers based on common characteristics.
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Chapter 8: Importing,Exporting,and Sourcing
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Q1) The sale of merchandise in export markets at unfair prices is known as:
A) dumping.
B) countervailing.
C) tariff.
D) ad valorem.
E) transaction.
Q2) What are the differences between antidumping and countervailing duties? Under what conditions are these duties imposed?
Q3) Governments commonly use activities to support and encourage firms that engage in exporting.Such activities include all of the following except:
A) tax incentives.
B) subsidies.
C) export assistance.
D) free trade zones.
E) voting rights.
Q4) The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)determines the level of subsidies granted to farmers in Latin America.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Global Market Entry Strategies: Licensing, Investment, and Strategic Alliances
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Q1) Japan's Fuji Photo Film Company invested hundreds of millions of dollars in the United States after the U.S.government ruled that Fuji was guilty of dumping.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Another perspective on the future of cooperative strategies envisions the emergence of:
A) mergers and acquisition.
B) virtual corporations.
C) franchising.
D) joint ventures.
E) keiretsu.
Q3) Competitive business environment is now characterized by all of the following except:
A) unprecedented degrees of turbulence.
B) dynamism.
C) unpredictibility.
D) inadaptability.
E) environmental responsiveness.
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Chapter 10: Brand and Product Decisions in Global Marketing
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Q1) Whenever a new product interacts with human,mechanical,or chemical elements,there is the potential for a surprising and unexpected incompatibility.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The extension strategy where the product remains virtually unchanged but extending it in markets outside the home country is known as "adaptation strategy."
A)True
B)False
Q3) As outlined by branding expert Kevin Keller,the benefits of strong brand equity include all of the following except:
A) greater loyalty.
B) more vulnerability to marketing actions.
C) less vulnerability to marketing crises.
D) more inelastic consumer response to price increases.
E) more elastic consumer response to price decreases.
Q4) The "Virgin" brand is a global brand with several brand extensions.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Pricing Decisions
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Q1) What is offset and why is it important in global marketing? How can it be distinguished from counterpurchase?
Q2) One of the highest profile companies,PepsiCo,which has done business in the Soviet and post-Soviet market for decades,has used this form of countertrade:
A) switch trading.
B) barter.
C) offset.
D) compensation trading.
E) counterpurchase.
Q3) Which pricing strategy has the advantage of being simple to calculate but has the disadvantage of ignoring demand and competitive conditions?
A) gray marketing
B) skimming
C) penetration
D) market holding
E) cost-based
Q4) The currency fluctuations in global markets have a big impact on international transactions.What actions can be adapted if the domestic currency is strong?
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Chapter 12: Global Marketing Channels and Physical Distribution
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Q1) What solution did Andersen Consulting provide to the Moscow Bread Company to solve the problem of stale bread?
A) Deliver the bread frozen.
B) Package the bread in plastic bags.
C) MBC should convert a paperless office to cut red tape.
D) Deliver the bread sliced rather than in whole loaf form.
E) Use paper packaging for bread.
Q2) Saks Fifth Avenue has ________ stores in the Middle East.
A) licensed
B) organic
C) franchise
D) joint venture
E) own-label focus
Q3) In Japan,the biggest barrier facing U.S.auto manufacturers is that half the cars that are sold each year are sold door-to-door.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Three of the world's five largest malls are in Asia.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Global Marketing Communications Decisions I:
Advertising and Public Relations
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Q1) In advertising,a(n)________ is an agent who chooses graphics,pictures,type styles,and other visual elements and has general responsibility for the overall look of an advertisement.
A) art director
B) copywriter
C) IMC manager
D) PR practitioner
E) stylist
Q2) ________ is the phrase global marketers use to describe ads with common design elements into which localized elements are inserted for individual country markets.
A) "Pattern advertising"
B) "Template advertising"
C) "Cookie-cutter advertising"
D) "Model advertising"
E) "Stereotype advertising"
Q3) The way a product's appeal or proposition is presented is called the "creative execution."
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Global Marketing Communications Decisions II:
Sales Promotion, personal Selling, and Special Forms of Marketing Communication
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Q1) Host-country nationals may possess work habits or selling styles that do not mesh with those of the parent company.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When MCI Communications first entered Latin America,it utilized expatriate Americans despite the high cost of doing so.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The effective integration of products and brands with entertainment can be seen on the TV hit American Idol.This type of trend is referred to as:
A) advertising age.
B) traditional advertising.
C) global advertising.
D) branded entertainment.
E) image entertainment.
Q4) Discuss what makes the use of sales promotion so effective and popular.Describe different types of sales promotions.
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Q5) Giving examples,show how sampling can be an effective sales promotion technique.
Chapter 15: Global Marketing and the Digital Revolution
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Q1) Localizing a Web site in native language can be done by translating a Web site from the home-country language.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Mobile advertising is a term that describes the use of cell phones as channels for delivering advertising messages and conducting product and service transactions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are some of the issues that need to be addressed when setting up for global e-commerce?
Q4) The Internet's powerful capabilities and increasing importance have resulted in a backlash that manifests itself in various ways.Giving examples,explain how this statement can be true.
Q5) An important trend in the use of information technology is "paid search advertising," whereby companies pay to have their ads appear when users type certain search terms. A)True
B)False
Q6) What is convergence? What kind of challenges does it present?
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Chapter 16: Strategic Elements of Competitive Advantage
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Q1) Factors which determine suppliers' ability to gain leverage over industry firms include all of the following except:
A) large numbers and relatively few in number.
B) suppliers' products or services are important to user firms.
C) suppliers' products or services are highly differentiated.
D) alternative products do not threaten suppliers' business.
E) buyers preferences are highly differentiated.
Q2) When company management decides that it is unwilling to follow the "conventional wisdom" and instead finds a new way to gain competitive advantage,it might be said to be:
A) searching for loose bricks.
B) changing the rules of engagement.
C) collaborating.
D) building layers of advantage.
E) innovating.
Q3) Maytag has been called "the Rolls-Royce of washers and dryers," and it can be said that it has achieved a competitive advantage by means of differentiation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Leadership, Organization, and Corporate Social Responsibility
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Q1) Sony,Sharp,Panasonic,and other Japanese manufacturers are all experiencing declining sales of traditional electronics products,whereas Apple and Samsung have risen to prominence in the competitive landscape once dominated by the Chinese.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Brazilian Carlos Ghosn is chief executive of:
A) Nissan Motor (Japan).
B) Pearson PLC (Great Britain).
C) Ford Motor Company (USA).
D) Pharmacia Corporation (USA).
E) Atlas Copco AB (Sweden).
Q3) Nike came under fire from critics who alleged poor working conditions in the factories that make the company's athletic shoes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a matrix organization? Describe giving examples.
Q5) How important is the nationality of the top management position holder in global businesses?
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